The botanist's guide to the counties of Aberdeen, Banff, and Kincardine

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DICKIE, G.

The botanist's guide
COZG1 aa

ROA
BOTANIC
GARDEN

EDINBURGH

a2 Sk
Coves$ vc. AL, 42993, 44

THE

BOTANISTS GUIDE

TO THE COUNTIES OF

ABERDEEN, BANFF, AND KINCARDINE.

BY

G. DICKIE, A.M, M.D. &.

PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN.

ABERDEEN :
A BROWN & CO.
EDINBURGH: JOHN MENZIES, anp A. & C. BLACK.
LONDON: LONGMAN & CO.

1860.

TO

A. THOMSON, Esq. oF BANCHORY,

IN TESTIMONY OF ENCOURAGEMENT GIVEN BY HIM TO THE STUDY

OF NATURAL SCIENCE, AND AS A MARK OF ESTEEM,

The following Bages

ARE DEDICATED BY

THE AUTHOR.

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2012 with funding from
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh

http://archive.org/details/botanistsguidetoOOdick

CONTENTS.

Page.
PRE WAGE io) tare asters cheer Bich oeay he eel syaeers ne ete UaPeeetele sualler vii
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS, ...... Ae SSE Vavaeaitae int aavee xiii
DICOTVEEDONO US RIVANTS a secre sea icrers trees egies 1
MONOECOPYLEDONOUS PRDANTS)).. (ic ccjctecaie0 << e)es'e- ce 158
INTRODUCED PLANTS, ....... De paretaeie oh ake cu sete oN 216
FERNS AND ADLLIBS,.......-....- Riacaiers EMRE Oe 226
IMOSSES 85, 25) cis ay terabisicaterers eit Ete eicbererelorescvaielonn oo sletebieieke 237
LIVERWORTS, ........ Bien e cee ROSE BOS we Seton seu oers 262
CUARACHAE ce oer se Bai akac sc cveolen torte RR eee 267
ST OEUENS 5 seis reiccvetete aloe te Mar suepshepshe ists en ctelelstsioreiete) sforsis 2.) 268
SHAS WiIREDS. © G5Cs0 GiGi 4 aie cisicicisigen.s co aienle cele Meas 281
MUSHROOMS. = eclesieiatisionrs wee isicratetesreleys Sse ayeneyeiere 319
ADDENDA S. zterechacis hae 2 RESO nlavajets sxatosclcss: sreyoienchaic 336

ALN ID Tee renege cots eine epee nerer clay rate tet beens iS Ran ie 337

PREFACE.

Tue Botany of Aberdeenshire and neighbouring Coun.
ties has at various periods occupied the attention of
observers.

More than 100 years ago, Dr. David Skene, a con-
temporary and correspondent of Linnzeus, studied the
Zoology and Botany of his native district ; his manu-
script is still extant, and in possession of Mr. Thomson
of Banchory. The genus Skenea of Malacologists stands
on the records of science as a memorial of the merits
of this accurate observer. Several important facts from
the MSS. of Dr. Skene will be found in different
parts of this work. The late Professor James Beattie,
of Marischal College, was a contributor to Sir J. E.
Smith’s work on the “ Flora of Britain.” The late Rev.
Dr. Smith, of Chapel of Garioch, studied the plants of
that part of the country. Lectures on Botany were
delivered in Aberdeen, in 1817 and 1818, by the late
Rev. A. B. Mackay. The late Professor Knight, of

Marischal College, did essential service in diffusing a

Vill PREFACE.

taste for botanical pursuits; and, as a former pupil in
his botanical class, I must bear testimony to his zeal
in this department. Dr. Alexander Murray published
in 1836 the first part of his “ Northern Flora,” in
which it was his intention to embrace a complete ac-
count of the indigenous plants in a range embraced by
a boundary stretching from the Forfarshire coast on
the east to that of Sutherland on the west ; consisting
of that portion of the east and interior of Scotland
which lies north of Montrose, in addition to the west-
ern part of the County of Sutherland. The lamented
death of Dr. Murray in 1837 put a stop to this work.
My respected friend, the Rev. Mr. M‘Millan, more
than 30 years ago studied the plants of Aberdeen, and
conducted classes which were attended by amateurs
and students of the medical school. Mr. Morren, about
the same period, also gave instructions in this depart-
ment. Mr. Cow, surgeon, now of Crimond, began
about 1836, to print a “Flora of Aberdeen,” which,
however, was never published, the sheets being left
incomplete in the hands of the printer. The late Pro-
fessor Graham, of Edinburgh, with his pupils, made
frequent visits, chiefly to the interior of the country,
a practice which has been continued by his successor,
Dr. Balfour. Notes of species collected in these ex-
cursions have appeared in the Edinburgh New Philo-

sophical Journal, and in the Transactions of the Edin-

PREFACE, 1x

burgh Botanical Society. Mr. Watson, author of
“Cybele Britannica,’ has also examined some of the
higher parts of the country, and the results appear in
that work ; the value of his inquiries is such as to re-
quire no eulogy from me. The late Mr. Gardiner, of
Dundee, published, in 1845, “ Rambles in Braemar,”
containing notices of the rarer plants. In 1836, I
published a “ Flora of Aberdeen,” embracing a range
of about 12 miles south-west and north, and there-
fore, comprehending part of the County of Kincardine.
Subsequent to that date, facts were collected with the
view of extending the work, and of comprehending the
entire Flora, Phenogamic and Cryptogamic, of the
three Counties of Kincardine, Aberdeen, and Banff.
Removal to another part of the kingdom interrupted
for a time my investigations. Portions of the ma-
terials thus accumulated have appeared in various
publications. The “ Aberdeen Flora’ of Mr. P. Mac-
gillivray, published in 1853, contains additional species
and localities not recorded in the work already alluded
to. My friend, the late Professor Macgillivray, had
accumulated notes on the Botany of the County of
Aberdeen, which, after his decease, were embodied in
the “ Natural History of Deeside,” published after his
death, and privately distributed through the liberality
of His Royal Highness Prince Albert.

The following pages afford evidence that there are

x PREFACE,

not a few ardent cultivators of Botany who have care-
fully and very successfully studied the plants of the
three Counties to which this work refers. To them
my cordial thanks are specially due for the liberality
with which they supplied information. ‘The facts re-
specting latitudinal range of the species in Britain are
taken from my friend Mr. Watson’s “Cybele Britan-
“nica;” the range in altitude is to be understood as that
of the respective species, for the most part in the
County of Aberdeen, and the facts here recorded are in
most cases derived from my own observations ; where
these were imperfect, I have quoted Mr. Watson’s
measurements made on the Braemar mountains. Where
a ? follows the range in altitude, it will be understood
that I consider this as still uncertain and not fully
ascertained.

In a few instances, the altitudinal range has not
been measured by any one ; but so many fixed points
are known that I have felt no hesitation in stating such
range—an example may suffice. Arenaria ¢rinervis,
one of the rarest of our plants, occurs in Den of Gight,
the elevation of which is certainly not above 200 feet,
the only other station for it, known at present, is near
the Linn of Dee, the height of which is 1190 feet more
or less.

The work would have been incomplete without a

notice of the “Cryptogamic” plants. To Mr. Croall,

PREFACE. Xi

of Montrose, I am indebted for notes of Mosses and
Hepaticae found in Braemar. The Rev. J. Yuill and
Mr. Bell have contributed notes of Marine Algae from
Peterhead ; and in this department of the subject I
have also received aid from Miss Smith, who has suc-
cessfully studied the species found on the coast of Kin-
cardine. In some respects, however, this part of the
work is not so perfect as could be desired, especially
as regards the Fungi or Mushrooms, the species re-
corded being those in my own collection solely, these
plants being often neglected by Botanists, though pre-
senting a very interesting field for study. I believe
Aberdeenshire to be peculiarly rich in Fungi; and it
is to be hoped that the present attempt may stimu-
late, others to study them. The fullest account of
the Lichens is that given in Professor Macgillivray’s
“Natural History of Deeside ;” and though my own
collection is tolerably complete, there are several re-
corded in that work which have not been found by
me, they are therefore quoted on the authority of my
deceased friend. Doubtless more extended investiga-
tions will add much to the materials brought together
here, which may be regarded as “Collectanea” for a
Flora of a district which presents an interesting field
for the Botanist.

Bees

INTRODUCTION.

A FEW remarks on the physical characters of the district may
be necessary in the outset. The County of Aberdeen occupies
a position between 56° 52’ and 57° 42’ north, and 1° 49’ to 3°
48’ west longitude ; its greatest length is at least 80 miles,
stretching between Cain Hilar on the borders of Perth and
Inverness, and the Buchan-ness near Peterhead. It presents
an undulating coast line of more than fifty miles ; which, from
Aberdeen to Peterhead has a north-east direction ; thence it
runs almost due north to Cairnbulg Head, and then trends
nearly due west to the borders of Banffshire. Fhe county
embraces a surface of 1950 English square miles.

A line from Peterculter, on the borders of Kincardine, +o
Pennan, on the borders of Banff, divides it into two portions
which present very different physical aspects ; the portion to
the east of this line presents no elevation exceeding 900 feet,
and no part is more than 20 miles distant from the German
ocean. ‘To the west of the line indicated, there is a gradual
rise of the surface toward the south-west. This becomes
obvious if we trace the levels of the two principal rivers—the
Dee and the Don. The former has an elevation of 1640 feet
at a distance of 70 miles from its mouth; the Don, about 55
miles inland, is 1240 feet above the sea. The river Muick in
a course of 10 miles only, from its source at Loch Muick to its
junction with the Dee at Ballater, presents a difference of
level amounting to more than 500 feet.

These facts are singularly in contrast with observations
made on the course of the river Ythan, which drains part of
the more eastern district ; at 22 miles from the German ocean,
it is only 124 feet above that sea. Some of the passes from

XIV INTRODUCTION.

one glen to another illustrate the same point; the highest
level of the path on the east shoulder of Mount Battock, (28
miles west from Aberdeen,) is about 2000 feet ; while that on
the west shoulder of Mount Keen, 10 miles more inland,
attains an elevation of 2400 feet. Again, if we take a general
view of the heights of the mountains in sections of 10 miles
from east to west, we observe a regular increase in elevation
till we reach a zone in which few of the numerous mountains
are lower than two or three thousand feet, and many exceed
four thousand, the extreme summit being that of Ben Macdui,
viz. :—about 4300 feet ; and, therefore, in Britain, second only
to Ben Nevis.

The Ceunty of Kincardine lies between 56° 43’ and 57° 5’
north latitude, and 1° 47’ to 2° 30’ west longitude ; it is about
32 miles long from north to south, and 24 in breadth; 3 of
the surface are estimated as arable, the remaining 4 being
occupied by the eastern part of the Grampians, the highest
of these in the county being Clochnaben, which attains an
elevation of nearly 2000 feet.

The County of Banff is bounded on the north by the Moray
Frith, on the south and east by Aberdeenshire, and on the
west by Morayshire. It is in 58° north latitude, and 2° 13’ to
3° 40’ west longitude. It presents an area of 647 square
miles, and about 120,000 acres are under cultivation. The
surface gradually rises toward the south-west or interior, the
culminating point being Cairngorm, the height of which is
about 4100 feet.

The valuable list of altitudes published by Mr. Jamieson,
renders any farther details unnecessary. *

A brief summary of the climatology of the district may
find an appropriate place here.

Records of barometer, thermometer, and rain guage have
been kept at Aberdeen, by the late Mr. G. Innes ; by the late
Professor Gray, now continued by his son in conjunction with
Mr. A. Cruickshank. I also, for some years, made similar

* List of Altitudes in the Counties of Aberdeen, Banff, and Kincardine,
by Thomas F. Jamieson. A. Brown & Co., Aberdeen, 1859.

INTRODUCTION. XV

observations, which were communicated weekly to one of the
local newspapers. Observations have also been made at
Peterhead ; at Alford, by the late Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
and by Dr. Gairden, at Balfluig; at Huntly Lodge, by Mr.
Acheson ; at Castle Newe, Strathdon, by Mr. Walker; and
at Banchory House, by A. Thomson, Esq.

At Castleton of Braemar, Mr. Pearce has been for more
than two years noticing the results shown by thermometer,
barometer, and rain guage, in that elevated locality, 1180 feet
above the sea. The results are sufficiently interesting to
encourage perseverance. The instruments are of the best
quality; and have been provided by the liberality of H. R.
Highness, Prince Albert. Mr. Pearce also registers the force
of Ozone, a branch of inquiry which, it is to be hoped, will
become more general.

It is unnecessary here to give more than the general re-
sults at a few stations :—

ABERDEEN.—1823-1841 INCLUSIVE.
Means of the Seasons.

SPELL 5) chs ciel Marchyn April, Mair. a csisiciee 2 « 45°13
SSUDATAGST. ho. ope oan June, July, August,.....:...0...00°3L
PALES oot wc speyecct= September, October, November, 47:92
Winter,.........December, January, February,. .37°93

Annual Mean Temperature, 1823 to 1841 inclusive, ... .47°07

DEc.
Extremes of Annual Mean f Highest, 49°65 in 1828.
Temperatures,........ (Lowest, 44:25 in 1838.

Average number of days on which Snow or Rain fell in each Month,
From 1830 to 1841 inclusive.

No. of days on which No, of days on which
Snow fell. Rain fell.
PANU AI asetiacsiee to Aa OL oO rate a stars ehets 1-91
NO DEM APY a6 Geo sui en ices Ae 8) cuit ga: spstcie 7°25
Marchigs ae cesen wwe a 2 OW ig Celen sya estes 9°91
7214 Os Rar Awa patho ts diblaiBee ogiees is 10°16
IMaivisa se! ciercectese werets oes 1a} beat 10°66
UMBO os so Ssssis eelsece tas OnE Geen ata os 12°91
Methven Foss sted Sere ahc! ctetaters O08 ec iara ee 13291
BNO OMIN Eos rc sherse toiete ciate sO OM ci Aerials laters 12°91
NOPLeMMbOrs (4s cic eM OFOS (hia oles oie 14°41
Octobers ives i bee dy OOS: Wmiresie sos 2-94:
Nowember, \ ose dv<cit os Dic AN terete Seri vs 12°75
Decembers ss «<< -:s05.«.¢ PN 2 BER OS 11°08

Amount ef mean annual fall of Rain, 28°78 inches.

INTRODUCTION.

XV1

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METEOROLOGICAL TABLE, ror tum yrar 18

COMPILED FROM OBSERVATIONS TAKEN AT BRAEMAR

SQ.

4)

, ABERDEENSHIRE, BY T. PEARCE, I

t above Sea Level, 1180 feet.

Lat. 57° N. Lon. 3° 24° W. Heigh

INTRODUCTION.
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xvii INTRODUCTION.

In estimating the native plants of any district, it is neces-
sary to separate those not truly indigenous; but, which have
escaped from gardens or been otherwise introduced. There
has been too often a desire to present a long array of species,
instead of giving a fair estimate of those which may be con-
sidered really wild. Here as elsewhere there are plants which
certainly never formed part of the original Flora; such are
placed by themselves, and will be found at pages 216 to 326
and Supplement. My own impression is, that the list might
have been more numerous, since many of our common weeds
were likely introduced ; but, having now become thoroughly
established, even at a distance from cultivated places, it would
be difficult to make such distinction. Another formidable
obstacle is the difference of opimion among botanists respecting
species and their varieties ; the standard adopted here, is the
‘‘ British Flora,” by Sir W. J. Hooker, and Professor Arnott.
Excluding the species above alluded to, which are 91 in num-
ber, other Phznogamic plants amount to 650, consisting of
463 Dicotyledones, and 187 Monocotyledones ; these are dis-
tributed among 53 natural orders of the former, and 11 of the
latter.

The British Dicotyledonous families not represented in our
Flora are, Berberidacee, Prankeniacee, Tiliacece, Aceracec,
Balsaminacee, Celastracee, Rhamnacee, Tamariscacee, Cucur-
hbitacee, Loranthacee, Jasminacee, Orobunchacee, Amaranth-
acee, Hleagnacee, Thymeleacee, Santalacee, and Asaracee; the
Monocotyledonous orders not represented are, Amaryllidacec,
Tamacee, Hydrocharidacee, and Restiacee. It may be worthy
of remark, that these natural families contain but a small
proportion of British species, and several of them have only
one or two representatives in the United Kingdom.

A mere list of species, genera and orders, cannot afford any
very precise idea of the characteristics of our Flora ; some
more definite method of comparison is necessary ; and such is
presented to us in the highly laborious and philosophical
‘*Cybele Britannica,” of my friend, Mr. H. C. Watson.

INTRODUCTION. xix

Mr. Watson refers every native species to one or other of
the following types :— *

1. BririsH.—Those more or less diffused through the length and
breadth of our country ; such as hazel, alder, chick-
weed, dandelion, &c.

. ENGLIsH.—Species which prevail in England, especially the
south; or, are rare northwards in Scotland. _

. GERMANIC.—Such as are mainly confined to the south-eastern
counties of England, or become rare westward and
northward.

. ATLANTIC.—Native species found chiefly in the western and

south-western parts.

ScorrisH.—Most prevalent in Scotland, reaching only the

northern counties of England, or becoming rarer south-
wards.

bo

oo

na

bad

6. HigHianp.—“ Boreal in a more intense degree, as regards
climate, than the Scottish.” Some are entirely alpine ;
others descend to the sea level toward the north-west,
north, and east.

. Locat.—This type comprehends a very small number of
Species, so very limited in the range, as not to come
under any of the preceding,

~l

Taking then as our standard of comparison, the first six
floral types of Mr. Watson, we shall be able to attain a
definite idea of the characteristic features of the Aberdeen-
shire Flora.

1. BririsH.— Most of these constitute our common plants, almost
everywhere diffused, and many of them familiar to all
as ordinary weeds. Some of this type, however,
though abundant in more southern parts of Britain,
become scarce here and may be ranked among our rare
species ; such are Ranunculus auricomus, Arabis hirsuta,
Arenaria trinervis, Bidens cernua, Lycopus Europeus,
Listera ovata, Malaxis paludosa, Alisma ranunculoides,

&c. &e.

* The names of these types are to be understood as indicating, respec-
ting our native plants, the district or districts where they predominate.

xx INTRODUCTION.

2. EneLisH.—Of this type comparatively few reach us, and some
of them, though now extensively spread, very probably
may have been introduced along with seeds of agricul-
tural plants.

3. ScorrisH.—Plants of this division are well represented in this
part of Scotland, being 58 in number, and, therefore,
about five-sixths of the British species, so designated,
occur here. Most of them are abundant, and several
are species highly prized by southern collectors. A few
examples may be mentioned, Rubus saxatilis, Trientalis
Europea, Linnea borealis, Pyrola media, Pyrola minor,
Goodyera repens, Listera cordata, &c. Three of them,
Linnea, Trientalis, and Goodyera, may be specially
noted as very widely distributed and abundant here.

4. GERMANIC.—There are only eight examples of this type
in our list, and they are mostly rare or local plants ;
the total number of such in the British Flora being esti-
mated at more than 190.

5. ATLANTIC.—Sedum Anglicum and Scilla verna are the only re-
presentatives ; the latter confined to the North-western
part of our coast, on the borders of the Moray Frith.

6. HigHLAND.—The plants belonging to this division are esti-
mated at about 100 species in the whole British Flora;
of these eight-tenths are found in our list. Many of
these are very local, and entirely confined to the higher
districts. A few of them reach the coast, and are found
almost at the sea level, viz., Sedum Rhodiola, Saxifraga
oppositifolia, Saxifraga hypnoides, and Polygonum vivi-
parum. Some others appear at a lower altitude along
the course of the Dee and Deveron, such have probably
been transported by floods, viz., Oxyria reniformis,
Epilobium alpinum, Alchemilla alpina, &c. Among the
more interesting of this type, found in the interior and
usually very local, may be mentioned Astralagus al-
pinus, Mulgedium alpinum, Arbutus alpina, and various
species of Saxifraga, Hieracium, Salix, Juncus, Carex,
and Poa.

We can now form some idea respecting the characteristic
features of the Flora. The plants belonging to the English,
Germanic, and Atlantic types, constitute but a very insigni-

INTRODUCTION. XXi

ficant part of our native vegetation. In addition to the
more common species, constituting the British type, there is
a general intermixture of Scottish forms, and in particular
localities the Highland type predominates.

In order to complete the review, it will be necessary to
examine briefly the distribution of species in zones of altitude ;
for just as those of the English and Germanic types, and some ~
of those belonging to the British, become rare, and finally dis-
appear towards the north, so certain species are lost as we
pass to the interior, and rise in elevation above the level of
the sea, the Flora becoming finally entirely Arctic in its
character.

The three Counties, owing to the physical peculiarities al-
ready pointed out, present an excellent field for studying the
altitudinal distribution of plants.

Adopting as our standard the characteristics of the Agra-
rian region, or region of cultivation in Britain, as given by
Mr. Watson, we find that, since certain species of indigenous
plants, whose presence marks the Infer-agrarian and Mid-
agrarian zones, are absent from this district, and, I believe,
from Scotland, the Super-agrarian is the only one of the three
which can apply to this part of Britain.

The upper limit of Pteris aquilina (the common Brake
Fern), is considered as marking the upper limit of the Super-
agrarian zone, and, therefore, also that of cultivation in
Britain. The limit of this Fern varies here from 1600 to
1960 feet ; very rarely, however, does it attain the latter.
Tn several localities, on the bare stony sides of the hills, [
have found the lmit to be 1600 to 1700 feet. It may be
worthy of notice, that even in places distant from any culti-
vation, the common Mole makes its tunnels at these altitudes.
On Morven, this animal occurs at 1723 feet; near Ballater,
at Brakely, it reaches 1642; at the Pulock moss, 1735; and
on the Khoil, 1800 feet.

At various places, even more than forty miles from the
sea-board, cultivation at high altitudes is frequent. The
heights of the following places where oats, turnips, &e. are

XX INTRODUCTION.

or have been grown, I have measured, with aid of the moun-
tain Sympiesometer and Aneroid :—Near Ballater, the Line
1108, Corrybeg 1126, Lin Mui 1300, Easter Morven 1400 ;
at Braemar, Castleton 1160, Tomintoul 1500 ; Gairnside, Glen
Fenzie, 1500; Strathdon, Brasachiel 1383 feet ; in Corgarff,
cultivation far exceeds 1280 feet, which is the height of the
Don at that place. At the farm of Lin Mui above-mentioned,
there are several old ash trees, the two largest of these in
1845 I found to be at the base respectively, five feet and four
feet two inches in girth; at present (September, 1859), their
girths are five feet six and four feet four inches. At Altgui-
sach, a hunting seat belonging to His Royal Highness Prince
Albert, near Loch Muick, about 1400 feet above the sea, and
fifty miles inland, most of the ordinary culinary plants are
grown, also the smaller fruits, as red, white, and black cur-
rants, &e. Bay and Portugal laurels, standard roses, &c. also
succeed. There are likewise thriving larches, the girths of
four of the largest of which were recorded in 1843 (Dr. Dickie
on the ‘‘ Forest and other Trees of Aberdeenshire”—Scottish
Agricultural Journal.) In that year they had each respectively
a circumference, near the ground, equal to four feet nine, four
feet five, four feet, and three feet six inches. These trees are
now reported (September, 1859), as equal to five feet seven,
five feet six, five feet four, and five feet; they have, there-
fore, grown more rapidly in proportion than the ash trees
already alluded -to.

A few records have been consulted with the view of ascer-
taining the average periods necessary for the maturing of oats,
at different elevations, and at various distances from the sea ;
though not sufficiently numerous to afford satisfactory con-
clusions, it may be interesting for the present to state them.
At elevations not exceeding five hundred feet, and about
twenty miles from the coast, the mean time is 172 days; at
places exceeding one thousand feet, and from forty to fifty-five
miles inland, the result is 179 days.

In some of the inland and higher parts of this Super-
agrarian zone, several plants of the Highland type constitute

INTRODUCTION. XXU1

a prominent feature of the vegetation. Thus, behind the farm
of Lin Mui, Cerastium alpinum and Asplenium viride, &c. are
abundant ; and Polygonum viviparum, Arabis petrea, &c. are
frequent, even at lower altitudes.

The region above the limit of the Brake Fern is denomi-
nated by Mr. Watson ‘‘ Arctic.” In Aberdeenshire, all the
zones of this region are fully represented. The lowest or
Infer-arctic extends from the upper limit of Pieris, already
mentioned, to the upper limit of Hrica tetraliz (cross-leaved
heath), at 2100 feet ; the next or Mid-arctic is comprehended
between 2100 and 3000 feet, the latter constituting about the
upper point attamed by Calluna vulgaris (common heath or
Ling) ; the last or Super-arctic zone extends from the limit of
Calluna to about 4400 feet on Ben Nevis, the highest point in
Scotland, and in Aberdeenshire to 4300, the top of Ben Mac-
dui.

The Mid-arctic zone is peculiarly rich in the rare forms
of the Highland type, for instance, Astragalus alpinus, Carex
rupestris, Carex leporina, Carex Vahlii, Erigeron alpinus, &c.
At the extreme part of the Super-arctic zone, the Highland
forms alone occur. Thus, on the summit of Ben Macdui, only
seven flowering plants are found (these grow beside the Cairn),
viz., Silene acaulis, Saxifraga stellaris, Salix herbacea, belong-
ing to the Dicotyledons ; Luzula spicata, Luzula arcuate,
Carex rigida, and Festuca vivipara, belonging to the Mono-
cotyledonous division ; the only other plant of any great size
associated with these is a well-known Club-moss, Lycopodium
Salago, which occurs also at Aberdeen near the sea level, all
others are mosses and lichens.

The following table, compiled from my own observations.
will afford an idea of the total number of species, and the pre-
vailing types at different altitudes ; the letters indicate the
respective types, B. British; 8. Scottish ; H. Highland.

BENNACHIE,

SL QUSES HH arajscor-be speiasd sueieatesaweve’ ste. « Dicotyledons.
1700 feet. 4

9

jas

B

Epes esi scoe cies gedel chet opens cha Monocotyledons.
B, 2 8, 2 H,.. Total, 13 Dicotyledons.
He etre Meth sists Gh ous 8 Monocotyledons.

Lownacu,
1836 feet.

XXIV INTRODUCTION.

KHOIL, 8 B, 28, 4 H,..Total 14 Dicotyledons.
2000 feet. 2 oak! Ol Lea ie » © Monocotyledons.
Buck oF CABRACH, 1 5 B, 18, 2 H,.. ,, 8 Dicotyledons.
2264 feet. 3 AB OLED A tee >,» 4 Monovotyledons.
Mount BATTock, 3 By 20, 18;..° ,:) 6) Dieotyledons.
2563 feet. PPB al ecw baa. Monocatyledons.
Mount KEEN, 2B AME a.i1) bate Dicotyledons.
3125 feet. 1B Wee wesnn a. 2+ Monoconledons:
LOCHNAGAR, \ Tlie Biased [Ss Maa 3, 4 Dicotyledons.
3800 feet. TESA cece iigl o RAE eaa eu wtf Monocotyledons 3,
BEN-A-BUIRD, t QP eed Tele Beco wae) 0 Dicotyledons.
3900 feet. 1 Bio Hein -:-11) 5,405 Monecotyledons:
Ley oie WR oTKoN Dist ony en Nema aL aia ae Aamatans A Te Ans 3 Dicotyledons.
4300 feet. A ETE eS re a wae Pag ey 4 Monocotyledons.

“he few instances selected are the very summits of the
respective mountains ; places where a complete list of species
can be readily got. It will be obvious at a glance that there
is a rapid decrease in the number of species belonging to the
British type, the last to disappear being Calluna vulgaris; of
the Scottish type, Hmpetrum nigrum ascends highest, viz. :—
to 4100 feet. On the other hand, the Highland type increases
steadily in numbers, till at last, species belonging to it con-
stitute alone the scanty Flora. As Mr. Watson correctly
remarks, ‘‘the Mid Arctic zone is, however, that in which
there is the greatest development of Highland species, there
all the rarer forms of that type are chiefly found.” The pro-
portion of Monocotyledons to Dicotyledons at different altitudes
is also worthy of notice. In the entire Flora of the County
of Aberdeen, the proportion is 1 to 2-4; at 3125, 3800, and
3900 feet, they are equal; and at the highest point they are
13to 1. The Monocotyledons, therefore, increase in propor-
tional numbers as we ascend. The Diagram given here, is in-
tended to afford a general view of some of the facts discussed.

In the text, letters K, A, and B, indicate Counties.

PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE, &e. XxXV

For the following excellent Summary, I am indebted to
ALEXANDER CRUICKSHANK, A.M.

PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE

OF THE COUNTIES OF

ABERDEEN, BANFF, AND KINCARDINE.

oe RR A Ue ee ee

THE Counties of Aberdeen, Banff, and Kincardine form a
continuous quadrilateral tract of land, in the north-east part
of the middle third of Scotland, of about 2960 square miles
—Ahberdeen occupying 1932, Banff 648, and Kincardine 380
square miles. This tract is bounded on the south by one of
the main offshoots of the Grampians, and the North Esk,
which separate it from Perthshire and Forfarshire; on the
west by Inverness-shire, Elginshire, and the Spey; and on
the north and east by ‘the German Ocean. Aberdeenshire
occupies the middle of the tract, and has Banffshire on the
north-west and Kincardineshire on the south-east. The tract
is 87 miles long, from Scarsock mountain in the south-west to
Rattray Head in the north-east ; and 65 miles broad, from the
mouth of the North Esk in the south-east to the mouth of the
Spey in the north-west. The length of coast line is 120 miles
—60 in Aberdeenshire, 30 in Banffshire, and 30 in Kincar-
dineshire.

The tract is formed of nine large river basins, (North Esk,
Bervie, Dee, Don, Ythan, Ugie, Deveron, Avon, and Fiddich),
separated by mountain ranges, which include the highest mass
of land in the British Isles. The loftiest mountains are con-
fined to the south-west or most inland fifth of the tract, and
have generally rounded massive and dome-shaped forms, with
corries or semi-circular hollows near their summits and usually
facing the north-east. The corries have perpendicular walls,
sometimes upwards of 1000 feet high, and are formed of rude
prismatic blocks of granite piled on each other. There is often
a tarn or small mountain lake at the bottom of the corries, at
the height of 1000 to upwards of 3000 feet above the sea level.

XXV1 PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF

From this high mountain tract, in the south-west portion of
the three counties, many of the tops of which are 3000 to
upwards of 4000 feet high, the country slopes towards the
German Ocean in a north, north-east, and easterly direction,
ending at the sea in low sandy tracts, or in cliffs 10 to 150 feet
high, and at Gamrie reaching the height of 600 feet.

The basis of the three counties is formed by two main
mountain ranges, which arise from the splitting of the great
Grampian range of mountains of central Scotland, in the
south-west corner of Aberdeenshire. The one range runs east
for 70 miles, separating Aberdeenshire from the counties of
Perth and Forfar ; and after traversing the north part of Kin-
cardineshire, it terminates in a bleak, high, and undulating
tract and bold coast between Aberdeen and Stonehaven. The
average height of this range is 1200 to 1500 feet. It contains
32 mountains varying in height from 1200 to 3800 feet, at
which latter height it culminates in Lochnagar. The roads
and footpaths across it vary from a height of 150 to about
2400 feet above the sea. The other main range runs north-
east for 80 miles, separating Aberdeenshire from the counties
of Inverness and Banff; while alittle of the north-west por-
tions of Aberdeenshire lies on its west side, and énds in the
bold coast of Gamrie. The south-west portion of this range
comprises a knot of mountains of 60 or 70 square miles in ex-
tent, the highest mass of land in the British Isles; and in-
cludes 12 mountains 3000 to 4295 feet high, culminating at
the latter height in Ben Macdui.~ The rest of this range is
comparatively low, rising in the Foudland hills about 1500
feet and in the Auchmeddan range about 750 feet, and sinking
in Kinnethmont to 569 feet and in Auchterless to 162 feet
above the sea.

These two main mountain ranges emit a variety of lateral
ones of inferior height, which form the boundaries or water-
sheds between the great river basins of the three counties.

The North Esk and Bervie rise in the middle third of the
south side of the east main branch of the Grampians, the
North Esk being the longer and more westerly stream, and
draining the south fourth of Kincardineshire and the north
fourth of Forfarshire, while the Bervie drains the middle se-
venth of Kincardineshire. The upper parts of these contig-
uous basins are bounded by hills of which about a dozen are
1000 to 3180 feet high, culminating in Mount Keen at the
latter height. The upper two-tifths of the basin of the North
Esk consist of gneiss; the middle fifth is crossed by a band
of mica-slate, succeeded on the east by a band of clay-slate ;
and the lower three-fifths consist of old red sandstone and
conglomerate. The upper fourth of the basin of the Bervie is

ABERDEEN, BANFF, AND KINCARDINESHIRES. XXVi

successively crossed by bands of gneiss, mica-slate, and clay-
slate, the very sources being however in granite; and the
lower three-fourths consist of old red sandstone and con-
glomerate.

The basins of the Dee, Don, Ythan, and Ugie, all lie in
Aberdeenshire, on the east side of the second main mountain
range running north-east from the south-west corner of that
county to Gamrie, as previously described. The only excep-
tion is, that about the north third of Kincardineshire is in-
cluded within the basin of the Dee.

The Dee rises in the Ben Macdui knot of mountains in the
south-west of Aberdeenshire, at the height of 4060 feet above
the sea level. Its basin is bounded on the south by the east
main branch of the Grampians, and on the north by an off-
shoot of the Ben Macdui knot running east for 60 miles
through the hills of Morven, Cushnie, Fare, and Brimmond,
to the north-west side of the city of Aberdeen, and including
these four and other four hills varying in height from 900 to
2880 feet, culminating at the latter height in Morven. Some
of the roads across this range rise upwards of 2000 feet above
the sea. The Dee drains the south half of Aberdeenshire.
The basin of the Dee.is pretty equally divided between alter-
nating and irregular large tracts of granite and gneiss. The
south side of the basin in Braemar contains a large tract of
quartzite.

The Don rises in the west of Aberdeenshire, on the bor-
ders of the south-east end of Banffshire, at the height of 1740
feet above the sea. Its basin is bounded on the south by the
north water-shed of the Dee, and on the north by a range
about 70 miles long, first running north-east and forming part
of the second main branch of the Grampians, which then emits
a branch south-east ending in Scotston moor, north-west of
Don-mouth. This range separates the basin of the Don from
those of the Ythan and Upper Deveron, and rises in six hills
from 800 to 2600 feet high. The middle of the basin of the
Don is divided into the vales of Alford and the Garioch, by a
prominent hill-ridge between Correan hill and Bennachie.
The Don drains the middle fourth of Aberdeenshire. Its
basin is formed of large irregular tracts of ‘granite and gneiss,
the former, in the basin of its tributary the Ury, often passing
into syenite. The sources of the Don are in mica-slate, and
those of the Ury are in clay-slate, which is also to be seen in
Auchindoir and Kildrummy, where it is bordered on the west
by an isolated patch of old red sandstone.

The Ythan and Ugie both rise in the comparatively low
termination of the north-east main branch of the Grampians,
which for about 30 miles between the Foudland hills and the

XXVill PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF

Gamrie coast does not exceed 746 feet above the sea (this
being the height of the ridge south of Auchmeddan), and sinks
as low as 162 feet in Auchterless. These two rivers drain
about the north fifth of Aberdeenshire, the basin of the Ythan
being twice the size of that of the Ugie. These basins chiefly
consist of gneiss and granite. The upper third of the basin of
the Ythan consists of clay-slate, and the sources of the Ugie
are in the same rock. Mormond (an isolated hill in the north
of Buchan, 743 feet, forming part of the north water-shed of
the Ugie) consists of quartzite.

The remaining three large basins of the three counties, viz.
the Deveron, Avon, and Fiddich, occupy the west slopes of
the north-east main branch of the Grampians above described,
which runs between the Ben Macdui knot of mountains and
Gamrie. The Deveron drains about one-half of Banffshire and
the north-west seventh of Aberdeenshire, while the Avon and
Fiddich drain about the south-west fourth of Banffshire into
the Spey.

The Deveron rises about the middle of the west side of
Aberdeenshire, or about the middle of the west side of the
north-east main branch of the Grampians. Its basin is bounded
on the east by the north half of this branch, and on the west
by an offshoot of this range, forming a very irregular line,
running north and then east, and rising in about a dozer hills
from 700 to 2568 feet, culminating at the latter height in Cor-
ryhabbie, and rising in the Knock to 1416 feet. The lower
third of the basin of the Deveron consists of clay-slate and
ereywacke, with a little old red sandstone on the east. These
are succeeded by tracts of syenite, mica-slate, quartzite, and
clay-slate; while the sources of the river are in a tract of
oneiss.

The Avon rises on the north side of the Ben Macdui knot
of mountains. Its basin is bounded on the west by a branch
from the west end of this knot running almost due north from
the north Cairngorm through Cromdale hill to the Spey; and
on the east by a portion of the main north-east range of the
Grampians, and an offshoot running north-west through Cor-
ryhabbie and Ben Rinnes to the same river. The borders of
the basin of the Avon consist of granite at the tcp, and mostly
of quartzite along the sides ; while the tracts in the vicinity of
the stream itself consist of gneiss, mica-slate, clay-slate, and
old red sandstone.

The Fiddich rises in Corryhabbie. Its basin is bounded
on the south-west by the west part of the east water-shed of
the Avon; and on the east by the south part of the west
water-shed of the Deveron, ending in Ben Aigan. Its basin
chiefly consists of mica-slate and quartzite.

XX1X

hief river

may be arranged approximately

nine ¢C

s regarding the

g Table

.

win

ABERDEEN, BANFF, AND KINCARDINESHIRES.

The more important point
basins of the three counties

in the follo

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P ) OL G 8 6 ral 9 OL |‘So[LUl UT SUIISVq JO YYpRoIG OSLIOAY

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( TTA poyoounoo ATPoorrp ‘SuoL

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J
XXX PHYSICAL AND GHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF

While the drainage of by far the greater part of the three
counties is performed by these nine great rivers and their nu-
merous tributaries, there remaims about a twenty-fifth of their
surface, distributed around their coasts, between the sea ter-
minations of these rivers, into about 50 small detached basins,
drained by as many streams from 1 to 15 miles long. These
50 burns have about 140 branches upwards of a mile long.

The above table, in conjunction with the statement just
made, shows into what a multitude of drainage troughs so
minute a portion of the earth’s surface as is comprised in these
three counties is divided.

The north-east course of the main branch of the Gram-
pians, from the south-west corner of Aberdeenshire to Gamrie,
combined with the nearly north trend of the east coast of that
county, causes the river basins on their east side to decrease
in size as we proceed north. Thus, taking the basin of the
Dee as unity, that of the Don is about a half, that of the
Ythan a fourth, and that of the Ugie an eighth.

it is a curious fact with respect to these four rivers, that,
if we prolong the major axes of their basins seaward, they will
meet in the line of the major axis of the Dee basin, about 60
miles east-north-east of Aberdeen ; whereas the major axis of
the basin of the Deveron is parallel to those of the Spey and
Findhorn, and the great rent of Scotland along the line of the
Caledonian Canal.

On taking a general view of the geology of the three coun-
ties, we find that the north third of Kincardineshire, and
nearly all Aberdeenshire, comprising the basins of the Dee,
Don, Ythan, and Ugie, consist of large irregular tracts of
granite and gneiss; that the rest of Kincardineshire, includ-
ing the basins of the North Esk and Bervie, consists of old red
sandstone with narrow bands of clay-slate and mica-slate ; and
that the basins of the Deveron, Avon, and Fiddich, occupying
nearly all Banffshire, consist mostly of granite, mica-slate,
clay-slate, and quartzite, with very little gneiss. Granite oc-
cupies a greater area in Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire
than in any other tract in the British Isles of like extent.

In the gneiss, mica-slate, and clay-slate tracts there occur
small isolated and far-between patches of other rocks than
those forming the bulk of the three counties. These consist
of beds of primary limestone, and masses and veins of serpen-
tine, felspar porphyry, compact felspar, trap including green-
stone and basalt. These rocks do not occupy a five-hundredth
of the surface, but they sometimes occur in lines over great
tracts of country.

To complete the above outline of the geology of the three
counties, it will be sufficient merely to enumerate the various

ABERDEEN, BANFF, AND KINCARDINESHIRES. XXx1

accumulations of loose materials intervening between the sur-

face of the fundamental hard rocks and the vegetable soil.

The solid rocks of the tract are often immediately covered by
shattered portions of their own substance, and, especially in
granite districts, by considerable depths of the upper parts of
the rock so disintegrated i in situ as to be easily dug out by the
spade in the form of angular gravel.

Above these untransported materials, and, in their absence,
above the solid rock itself, in all parts of the three counties,
the surface is covered by immense accumulations of loose
drifted deposits, which have no small influence in determining
the superficial outline of the country on the small scale ;
while the fundamental rocks, above enumerated, themselves
determine the great features of mountain, valley, and glen.
These deposits consist of boulder clay or till, a stiffish un-
stratified mixture of clay, sand, gravel, and boulders; very
loose stratified shingles, gravels, and sands, with rolled peb-
bles and boulders; beach deposits above existing tides, brick
clays and drift sand near the coasts; and gravels, sands, and
silts deposited along the courses of the present rivers. Con-
nected with these deposits are the boulder fimts, containing
chalk fossils in Buchan; the small patches of dark-blue clay
enclosing greensand fossils in Cruden, and las fossils near
Turriff and Banff; and the sandstone and fosiliferous lime-
stone boulders in the curious gravel knolls and ridges of
Slains.

Above the solid rock and the more impervious of the loose
deposits covering them are to be found, in most parts of the
three counties, tracts of peat, often many square miles in area,
and ina few places reaching to the depth of upwards of 40
teet.

It is in the upper parts of the basins of the Dee, Don,
Avon, and North Esk, over an area of about 25 miles in
diameter, or comprising about 370 square miles—an area every
pat of which is upwards of 600 feet above the sea level—that
the rarer plants so interesting to the alpine botanist are to be
found. These plants have to be searched for, often at the risk
of life and limb, on the tops and sides of mountains, in moun-
tain lochs, in bright green and wet grassy plots on the bottoms
and perpendicular sides of often almost maccessible corries, as
well as amid heaps of fallen blocks, and the rough gravelly
debris of mountain torrents. This alpine tract, the highest
ot ike extent in these isles, exhibits scenery of the grandest
description, in its numerous towering mountains, huge preci-
pices, and deep glens. It has become an abode of royalty,
and is visited every year by thousands of tourists from all
quarters of the world. On no other tract in the kingdom does

XXXIl PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE, &c.

snow lie so long, or so deeply, as on this area; and on its
highest mountams numerous patches of snow, some of them
acres in extent, lie all the year round, though exposed to the
direct rays of the sun.

The most interesting tracts for the lowland botanist are
the rocky (often also almost inaccessible), sandy and benty
shores of the three counties, and the deep, woody, moist and
rocky dens occurring here and there over their lower tracts.

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THE BOTANIST’S GUIDE.

CLASS I.

DICOTYLEDONOUS, OR EXOGENOUS
PLANTS.

a

eee

Sub-Class 1.—THALAMIFLORAE.

ORDER I.—RANUNCULACEAE.
1. THatictrum. Mrapow Rue.

1. T. alpinum, Linn. (Alpine M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°— 61°; altitude, 1600 to
3500 feet.

Abundant in the interior ; south and west margins
of Loch Callater, Rev. J. Brichan ; Corgarff, Donside,
Mr. Barron ; Braeriach, Dr. Murchison ; Ben-Avon and
Ben-a-Buird, Mr. R. Mackay. Also on Little Craigen-
dall, Lochnagar, Callater Rocks, Rocks of Dhuloch,
G. D. ; Wells of Dee, Mr. Croall.

2. T. minus, Linn. (Small M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast only.
B

2 I, RANUNCULACEAE. [ Thalictrum.

Occasionally along the coast line.

K.—St. Cyrus Links south from Kirkside ; plenti-
ful on stony beach half a mile north from J ohnshaven,
Dr. Stephen.

A.— Tn arenosis” Broadhill, Aberdeen Links, Dr.
D. Skene ; frequent in the sandy links from the Dee
to the Ythan, G. D.; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray; Cri-
mond, Mr. Cow.

B.—Scarce on the links at Buckie, but plentiful in
the links at Cullen, Mr. Carmichael.

2. ANEMONE. ANEMONE.

1. A. nemorosa, Linn. (Wood A.)

Perennial. Flowers, March to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 58°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Moist woods and pastures. General.

3. Ranuncuuus. CROWFOOT.

1. R. aquatilis, Linn. (Common water C.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 60°; sea level to 1200
feet.

Of general occurrence in lakes, ponds, and ditches ;
rare at Castleton, Braemar.

2. R. hederaceus, Linn. (Ivy C.)

Perennial. Flowers, March to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast to 1260 feet.
Wet places and shallow water. Generally diffused.
3. R. Lingua, Linn. (Great Spearwort.)
Perennial. Flowers, July to September. English type
(or British?) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
to 500 feet.

\

Oo

Ranunculus. | I. RANUNCULACEAE.

Rare in this district.

A.—Occasionally along the course of the Ythan
from Gight to Ellon, G. D. Loch of Strathbeg, in
Crimond, Mr. A. Murray. Loch of Auchlossan, in
Lumphanan, Professor Macgillivray.

4, R. Flammula, Linn. (Small Spearwort.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.

Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 2700 feet.

Margins of lakes and ditches. Common. Var. rep-

fans: margins of Alpine lakes.

dD. R. Ficaria, Linn. (Pilewort C.)

Perennial. Flowers, March to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 61°; sea level to 500
feet.

Pastures, woods, &c. Common in the lower dis-
tricts ; rare in the more inland parts.

6. R. auricomus, Linn. (Wood C.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 1500 feet.

In moist woods. Rare.

K.—On the farm of Auchallan, Banchory-Ternan,
Dr. Adams; Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.; In Den
below Blackness, Strachan, Dr. Stephen.

A.—North bank of the Don, above the old bridge,
G. D. Wood below the “Lion’s face” at Castleton,
Dr. Ogilvie.

7. R. sceleratus, Linn. (Celery-leaved C.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.

Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line.

Pools and ditches. Chiefly in the coast district.

K.—Marshes near mouth of the North Esk, Dr-
Stephen ; at the Cove, G. D.

A.—WNorth side of Dee at Wellington Bridge, near

+ I, RANUNCULACEAE. [ Ranunculus.

the brick-work in the Old-town Links, and between
the old and new bridges of Don, G. D.; in a ditch on
the east side of King Street, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; at
St. Fergus, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

8. R. aeris, Linn. (Upright meadow C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2800 feet.
Common everywhere.

9. R. repens, Linn. (Creeping C.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2000 feet.
Common everywhere in this district.

10. R. buldosus, Linn. (Bulbous C.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 1500 feet.

In meadows and pastures. Local in the district.

K.—At Jackstone, St. Cyrus ; and coast near Garron
Point, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—On the Broadhill and other places in the Links,
and banks of Dee above the old bridge, G. D. ; Cruden,
Mr. A. Murray; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner ; about
the Castle of Cluny, Mr. Barron; at the Bridge of

Alford, Rev. J. Minto; at Castleton, Braemar, Mr.
Watson.

B.—Parish of Alvah, but not common, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; links of Buckie and Portessie, Mr. Carmichael ;
in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4, CautHa. Marsa Maryco.p.

1. C. palustris, Linn. (Common M.)
Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 3500 feet.

Trollius. | I, RANUNCULACEAE. 5

Marshes. Everywhere ; at the above-mentioned
altitude on Ben Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay.

5. Trouurs. GLoBe-FLoweEr.

1. T. Europaeus, Linn. (Mountain G.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 52°—61°; 50 to 3350 feet.
Moist woods and rocks. Chiefly in the interior.

K.—Parish of Garvock, Stat. Account ; Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystal; Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams; Black-
ness, Strachan, Dr. Stephen; Corbie- Den and south
bank of the Dee at Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—At Normandyke, Culter, Dr. J. Smith; Aboyne,
Statistical Account ; by the Don at Monymusk, and in
Corgarff, Strathdon, Mr. Barron ; banks of the Dee at
Ballater ; in Glen Callater, G. D. ; Binhill in Cairnie,
Rev. J. Abel; moor near Hillhead in Clatt, Dr. A.
Fleming ; parish of Glass, Stat. Account.

B.—Parish of Alvah, rare, Mr. G. C. Smith.

OrpER II.—NYMPHAEACEAE.

1. NympHara. Waite WatTER-LILY.

1. N. alba, Linn. (Great W. W. L.)

Perennial. Flowersin July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; 50 to 600 feet.
In lakes. Chiefly in the lower districts.
K.—Lochs of Park and Leys, Dr. Adams ; in a small

lake at north side of the avenue leading to Maryculter
House, G. D.

A.—Corbie Loch, parish of Old Machar ; in a
small lake between Bieldside and the river Dee, G. D. ;

6 Il. NYMPHAEACHAE. [Nuphar.

parish of St. Fergus, Stat. Account; Loch of Dalhaiky,
Cluny, Mr. Barron ; in parish of Longside, Stat. Ac-
count ; in a small loch two miles from Kincardine
O'Neil, Prof. Macgillivray; ‘In lacubus, Kinnord,”
Dr. D. Skene, (this is Loch Cannor, a few miles west
from the village of Aboyne.)

2. NupHarR. YELLOW Warver-Lity.

1. N. lutea, Smith. (Common Y. W. L.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. English type. Range in
Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 600 feet.
In lakes ; but rarer than Nymphaea.
K.—Loch of Leys, Dr. Adams.
A.—Corbie Loch, G. D.; Loch Cannor, Mr. Suth-

erland.

2. N. pumila, De Cand. (Small Y. W. L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type.
Range in Brita, 56°—58° ; 200 to 600 feet.
Rare in this district.
K.—Loch of Leys (along with the last) Dr. Adams.

A.—Abundant at the north-east end of Loch Can-
nor, near village of Aboyne, Atigust 1836, G. D.*

* There is no mention of this species in the Skene M.SS., now
nearly 100 years old; as already stated Dr. S. only records
Nymphaea in Loch Cannor. Nuphar lutea is probably there an
introduced plant as well as in other parts of this district, and
N. pumila merely a stunted variety, an opinion also held by Dr.
Adams.

~I

Papaver. | III. PAPAVERACEAE.

ORDER IIT.—PAPAVERACEAE.
1. Papaver. Poppy.

1. P. dubium, Linn. (Long smooth-headed P.)
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 500 feet.
Fields and waste places. Not unfrequent.

2. P. Rhaeas, Linn. (Common red P.)
Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°— 58°.
Corn-fields ; but rare, and uncertain in appearance.

3. P. Argemone, Linn. (Prickly-headed P.)
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°— 58°; coast
only.
In fields. Very rare.
K.—At St. Cyrus and Dunnottar, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Found near Aberdeen by Dr. David Skene. I
have never met with it in this quarter, G. D.

2. Guauctum. Hornep Poppy.

1. G. luteum, Tourn. (Yellow H.)

Annual. Flowers, June tolSeptember. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast only.
Sandy sea-shore. Very rare.

K.—Beach north of Johnshaven, Dr. Stephen. In
Bay of Nigg, 100-years ago, Dr. D. Skene; his des-
cription (in MSS.) is full, and leaves no doubt respect-
ing the plant. It is now extirpated.

8 IV. FUMARIACEAE. [FPumaria.

OrpDER TV. FUMARIACEAE.
1. Fumaria. Fumitory.

1. FE. capreolata, Linn. (Rampant F.)
Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°-—60° ; coast to 500 feet.

Waste places. Very local in this district.
K.—Crathes, Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Formerly beside the hut at the old Bridge of
Don ; occasionally on the banks of the Dee near Aber-
deen, G. D.; north bank of the Don, beside a hedge
between the old and new bridges, Mr. P. Macgillivray ;
in parish of Premnay, Rev. J. Minto; in Strathdon,
Stat. Account; parish of Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; at
Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner; parish of Glass, Stat.
Account.

B.—In Alvah, but rare, Rev. Dr. Todd; parish of
Grange, Stat. Account.
2. F. officinalis, Linn. (Common F.)
Annual. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 600 feet.
Waste places. Not uncommon.

2. CoRYDALIS. CORYDALIS.

1. C. claviculata, De Cand. (White climbing C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 700 feet.
Bushy and shady places among stones and gravel.
K.—At Kingcausie, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams.

A.— ‘Den of Robslaw,” Dr. D. Skene, where it
still grows ; abundant on the north bank of Dee above
the old bridge, and beside the rivulet and dam half a

Barbarea. | V. CRUCIFERAE. 9

mile north of Mill of Murtle, G. D. ; Gallowhill wood
at Cluny, Mr. Barron; Old Deer, Stat. Account; at
Tullynessle, Stat. Account ; wood at Candacraig, Strath-
don, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—In parish of Mortlach, rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

ORDER V.—CRUCIFERAE.

1. BARBAREA. WINTER CRESS.

1. B. vulgaris, Brown. (Yel. rocket or com. W. C.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 450 feet.
Waste places, &c. ; but not common.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, rare, Dr. Adams.
A.—Occasionally about Aberdeen, as at Stocket,
banks of Dee and Don, &c., G. D.; at Cluny, Mr. Bar-
ron; at Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; banks of the
Bogie, in Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto.
B.—Very local in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. ARABIS. Rock CREss.

1. A. petraea, De Cand. (Alpine R. C.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; 50? or 700 to 3000
feet.

Chiefly confined to the highland districts. “Island
in the Dee opposite Banchory House, three miles west
from Aberdeen, washed down from Braemar,’ Mr. P.
Macgillivray ; abundant on the gravelly banks of the
Dee at Ballater (700 feet); on the craig behind the
farm of Linn Mui near Ballater, at 1450 feet ; abundant
along the course of the river Quoich; also on Ben
Macdui and Ben-a-Buird, &e.

10 V. CRUCIFERAE. [A rabis.

2. A. hirsuta, Brown. (Hairy R. C.)

Biennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea level to 1700
feet.

Rocks, &c. ; but rare in this district.

K.—Cliffs of St. Cyrus, a quarter of a mile east
from Kirkside, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—On the embankment, north side of Dee oppo-
site to Nether Banchory Church ; banks of the Dee at
Ballater ; on a bank by the Ballachbuie road between
Balmoral and Bridge of Invercauld, G. D. ; Craig Koy-
nach and “TLion’s face,’ at Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ;
Strathdon, Stat. Account.

Coast at Boyndie, near Banff, Dr. Shier.

3. CARDAMINE. BitTTeR CREss.

1. C. amara, Linn. (Large flowered B. C.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea level to 1000
feet.

K.—Kingcausie, G. D. ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Hab. in Den of Robslaw, Dr. D. Skene, where
it still grows ; banks of Dee, Don, Ury, and Burn of
Culter, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Midmar, Mr. Barron ;
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; wood at Murtle, G. D. ;
Den of Knockespock, Rev. J. Minto ; Strathdon, Stat.
Account ; Buchan District, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Parish of Bantf, Stat. Account ; in Alvah, but
local, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. C. pratensis, Linn. (Common B. C.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2000 feet.

Common in moist meadows.

Nasturtium. | V. CRUCIFERAE. 11

3. C. hirsuta, Linn. (Hairy B. C.)
Annual. Flowers, March to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2400 feet.
In moist and shady places. Common.

4, Nasturtium. WATER CRESS.

1. N. officinale, Brown. (Common, W. C.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1200 feet.
Streams and ditches. Frequent ; more abundant in
the lower parts of the district than in the interior ;
rare in Mortlach and Corgarff.

5. CocHLEARIA. Scurvy GRass.

1. C. officinalis, Linn. (Common S. G.)

Annual or Perennial. Flowers, May to September.
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast
to 3600 feet.

The ordinary form is common along the whole
coast, and extends some distance into the interior along
the course of rivers.

Var. C. Groenlandica, L, on the higher mountains,
and on the serpentine tracts of the Don district.

Var. C. Danica, L, occasionally at the Cove, south
from Aberdeen, and formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen.

6. Drapa. Wauittow GRASS.

1. D. verna, Linn. (Common W. G.)
Annual. Flowers, March to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to ?
Frequent on walls, rocks, dry banks, &c. General
along the coast, and found also, but very local, in the
inland districts.

12 V. CRUCIFERAE. [Draba.

2. D. incana, L. (Twisted podded W. G.)
Biennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; 2500 feet.
Dry Alpine rocks. Very rare.
A.—Head of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

3. D. rupestris, Brown. (Rock W.G.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—59° ; 3000 feet.
Alpine rocks.
B.—Known only upon Cairngorm in this district.

7. Tuouaspl. Penny Crass.

1. T. arvense, Linn. (Field P. C.)
Annual. Flowers, May to July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 1100 feet.
Fields and waste places.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Fields about King Street, Ferryhill, &. G. D.
Kaldrummy and Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Doun of Inver-
nochty and banks of Ernan, in Strathdon, Rev. J.
Minto ; Buchan district, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Rare in Alvah, Rey. Dr Todd ; Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

8. TEESDALIA. ‘TEESDALIA.

1. T. nudicaulis, Brown. (Naked stalked N.)

Annual. Flowers in May and June. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 300 feet.

Sandy and gravelly places. Rare.

K.—At Kingcausie, Rey. D. Milne ; roadside near
Crathes, Rey. J. Minto.

A.— In arenosis,” Old-town Links, Dr. D. Skene,

Teesdalia. | V. CRUCIFERAE. 13

where it is still to be found ; north bank of the Dee,
a mile above the old bridge, G. D. ; Skene Road, at
the eleventh mile-stone, Mr. Barron ; frequent in parish
of Drumoak, Dr. J. Smith ; Sands of Forvie, at Ythan-
mouth, Mr. Cow ; parish of Glass, Stat. Account.

9. CaKILE. SEA ROcKET.
1. C. maritima, Willd. (Purple S. R.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Sandy sea-shores.

General in suitable localities from St. Cyrus to
mouth of the Spey.

10. SisymBrium. Hepce Mustarp.

1. S. officinale, Linn. (Common H. M.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.

Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 500 feet.

Waste places and by road-sides. Frequent in lower
districts ; rare in the interior ; not in Corgarff list.

2. 8. Thalianun, Hooker. (Thale H. M.)

Annual. Flowers, April to June. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 1260 feet.

Dry banks and walls. Not common in this district.

K.—Frequent at St. Cyrus and Benholme, Dr.
Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in various places ; north bank
of Dee, one mile above the old bridge ; tops of walls at
Morninefield and Summerhill, G. D.; Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; Alford, Rev. J. Farquharson ; Cruden, Mr. A.
Murray ; embankment formed in making the road op-

posite Balmoral, Mr. Croall ; Castleton, Braemar, Mr.
Barron.

14 V. CRUCIFERAE. [ Sisymbrium.

B.—Rocky banks covered with gravel at Bridge of
Alvah, but rare, Rev. Dr. Todd.

3. S. Sophia, Linn. (Fine leaved H.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast only.
Very rare.
K.—St. Cyrus, Stat. Account.

11. ALLIARIA, GarRtic Mustarp.

1. A. officinalis, De Cand. (common G. M.)

Biennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 400 feet.

Waste places. Rare.

K.—Burn of Benholme, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan; Den of Leggart, Dr. A.
Fleming.

A.—Robslaw Den ; formerly at old House of Robs-
law ; road-side north from Powis, G. D. ; Drumnahoy,
Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Paradise, Monymusk, Mr. P. Mac-
gillivray.

B.—Alvah, local, Rev. Dr, Todd ; in parish of
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

12. SupuLaria. AwtL-Wort.

1. 8. aquatica, Linn. (Water A. W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 53°—59° ; from 150 to 2200 feet.

Shallow margins of Lakes. Rare.

A.—FKast end of Loch of Park, G. D.; Lake“at
Pitfour, Rev. J. Minto ; in parish of Old Deer, Stat.
Account ; in a small loch, a little east of Loch Bug,
Mr. Barron ; Lochs Muick and Callater, Professor Mac-
gillivray ; Loch Ceander, head of Glen Callater, G. D.

Capsella. | V. CRUCIFERAE. 15
13. CAPSELLA. SHEPHERD'S PURSE.

1 C. Bursa Pastoris, De Cand. (Common S. P.)
Annual. Flowers, March to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1200
feet.
Common, everywhere. In Corgarff, at the above
altitude.

14. Lzepiprum. Pepper Wort.

1. L. Smithii, Hooker. (Mithridate P. W.*)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. [British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 1000
feet.

Dry gravelly banks, &c. Not common.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—North bank of Dee, above the old bridge ;
banks of Don, at Kettock’s Mill ; beside the Preventive
Station, at Don-mouth; in Belhelvie Links, G. D.;
near Culter House, Dr. J. Smith ; fields, &c. in Leochel,
Mr. Sutherland ; road-side at House of Newton, Rev.
J. Minto ; banks of Dee at Castleton, Mr. Watson.

B.—About Banff, Stat. Account ; Haugh below
Bridge of Alvah, and occasionally on the banks of the
Deveron in other parts of the parish, Rev. Dr. Todd ;
Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

15. SENEBIERA. WART CRESS.

1. S. Coronopus, De Cand. (Common W. C.)
Annual. Flowers, June to September. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°.
Rare, and confined to certain parts of the coast line.

* L. campestre is mentioned in Skene MSS. as found at Gor-
eons Mill, near Aberdeen; I have never seen it in this district.—
ra DD,

16 V. CRUCIFERAE. [ Senebiera.

A.—Fish-town at Colliston, Mr. Cow ; abundant
beside the lighthouse at Cairnbulg-head, Dr. Temple-
ton and G. D.; and also along the coast northwards,
at Fish-town of Pitullie, G. D.

17. Stuvapis. Mustarp.

1. 8. arvensis, Linn. (Charlock Mustard.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61i°; sea level to 1260
feet.

Fields and waste places. Common. Corgarif at the
above altitude.

18. RapHanus. RapIsuH.

1. R. Raphanistrum, Linn. (Wild R. jointed
charlock.)

Annual. Flowers, May to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1,200
feet.

In fields, &&. Common.

OrpeR VI.—RESEDACHAE.

1. Resepa. MIGNONETTE.

1. R. Luteola, Linn. (Yellow Weed.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 600
feet.

Waste places. are.
K.—At Benholme, and in a field by the road half a
mile north-west from Brotherton, Dr. Stephen.

Reseda.] VI. RESEDACEAE. 17

At Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.— “On brae from hangman’s house at Aberdeen,
to Footdee Church,’ Skene, MSS. ; (now covered with
houses) ; by the side of the road from King Street to
the brick-work in the Old-town Links, Dr. A. Fleming;
near Morrison’s Suspension Bridge, Professor Macgil-
livray ; by the mills above Manse of Dyce, Dr. A.
Fleming ; at Aboyne, and in parish of Coull, Stat.
Account ; at the old Castle of Kildrummy, Mr. Barron.

B.—Alvah, very rare and scarcely indigenous, Rey.
Dr. Todd; parish of Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart; on
the gravelly banks of Tynet and Golochy burns, Mr.
Carmichael.

OrvDER VII.—CISTACEAE.

1. HeviantHemMuM. Rock Rose.

1. H. vulgare, Gaertner. (Common R. R.)
Perennial. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea level to 1700
feet.
Dry rocks and banks. Not common.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ; north side of
Bay of Nigg, G. D.

foley)

A.—Den of Maidencraig, on the Skene road, four
miles from Aberdeen ; by the Don at the new bridge,
G. D.; Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr. Barron ; moor at
Cannor near Aboyne, Stat. Account ; Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; Corgarff, Mr.
Barron ; on Formanhill, Rev. J. Abel ; rocks behind
the farm of Tomintoul at Castleton, Braemar ; and on
the Craig of Lin Mui, near Ballater, G. D.

B.—“T have only met with a few specimens grow-
C

18 VIII. VIOLACEAE. [ Viola.

ing on rocks on Deveron side,” Rey. Dr. Todd ; links
of Buckie and Portessie, and on the Binhill at Cullen,
Mr. Carmichael ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

OrpER VIII.—VIOLACEAE.

1. ViouA. VIOLET.

1. V. palustris, Linn. (Marsh V.)

Perennial. Flowers, March to July. . British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; sea level to 4000
feet.

Bogs and marshes. Rather local.

K.—Frequent in Benholme; in Durris and Strachan,
Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ; formerly
in Ferryhill moss ; bogs near Scotston and Denmore,
&c, G. D.; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner ; Haughton
woods in Alford, Dr. A. Murray; in Clatt, Rev. J.
Minto ; in Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; two-thirds up Loch-
nagar on the east side, and on Ben Macdui at 4000
feet, and on the summit of the Mourne at Castleton,
GD:

B.—Frequent along the streamlet flowing from
Come’s Well and in woods near the base of hill of
Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. V. canina, Linn. (Dog's V.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2600
feet.

Woods, banks, rocks, &. Common.

3. V. pumila, Vill. (Dillenius’ V.)
(V. flavicornis, Smith. )

Viola. | VIII. VIOLACEAE. 19

Perennial. Flowers, April to August. English? type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 57° ; sea level to 100 feet.

Dry sandy places. Local.
K.—Bay of Nigg, G. D.; about St. Cyrus, Stat.

Account.

A.—Links at Aberdeen, G. D.
B,—Parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
4. V. tricolor, Linn. (Pansy V.)

Biennial. Flowers, March to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1700
feet.

Banks, fields, waste places, &. Common.

5. V. lutea, Hudson. (Yellow mountain V.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to September. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 51°—59° ; 400 to 2600 feet.
Inland banks, pastures, and rocks.

Chiefly in the interior. Abundant at Greystone, in
Alford ; in Towie and Glenbucket, Dr. A. Murray ;
parish of Glass, Stat. Account ; plentiful about Bal-
later and Castleton ; rocks in Glen Callater at the
“break-neck fall,’ G. D.; very abundant in the old
churchyard of Cushnie, Mr. Sutherland.

B.—At Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray.”

Orper IX.—DROSERACEAE.

1. Drosera. SUN-DEW.

1. D. rotundifolia, Linn. (Round-leaved S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet. ;

20 IX. DROSERACEAE. [Drosera.

Bogs and moist heaths. Of general occurrence.

2. D. Anglica, Hudson. (Great English S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 50 to 1800
feet.

Bogs and marshes. Rather local.

A.-—Marsh at south side of Corsehill, near Scots-
ton and Denmore, G. D. ; moor near Tarbethill in
Belhelvie, Professor Macgillivray ; bog in parish of
Longside, Mr. Murray ; bog near Manse of Drumoak,
Professor Macgillivray ; bog on the west side of Auch-
menzie, in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; marsh by the north
side of the Braemar road, a little west from Bridge of
Gairden, G. D.; Glen Callater, Mr. A. K. Clark ;
base of Ben-a-Buird, Mr. R. Mackay; near base of
Ben Macdui, G. D.

2. PaRNASSIA. GRASS OF PARNASSUS.

1. P. palustris, Linn. (common G. of P.)
Perennial. Flowers in August and September. Bri-
tish type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea
level to 2700 feet.
Bogs and marshes. Very local.

K.—In different parts of Kincardineshire, Stat.
Account ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan; King-
causie, G. D.

A.—Scotston moor, and Millden burn in Belhelvie,
G. D.; at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray, Hill of Fare,
Mr. Barron ; rocks in Glen Callater, at 2600 feet, G. D. ;
top of the Mourne at Castleton, Mr. Croall.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner ; bogs at

Sandlaw, Rosyburn, Newton, Muiryhill, &c. parish of
Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Polygala. | X. POLYGALACEAE. 21

OrDER X.—POLYGALACEAE.

1. PotyGaLtaA. MILKwort.

1. P. vulgaris, Linn. (Common M.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; sea level to 2500
feet.

Dry pastures, &c. Common.

OrnpER XI.—ELATINACEAE.

1. ELATINE. WATER-WORT.

1. E. hexandra, De Cand. (Hexandrous W.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; at 200 feet.

Very rare.
K.—In shallow water at the east end of the Loch
of Park, where it was first observed by Dr. A. Fleming.

OrpDER XII.—CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

1. DiantHus. PIrIn«c.

1. D. deltoides, Linn. (Maiden P.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 700
feet ?

Banks, pastures, &c. in gravelly soil. Rare.
K.—Coast at St, Cyrus, Bervie, and bridge at Burn

22 XII, CARYOPHYLLACEAE. [ Dianthus.

ot Benholme, Stat. Account; in parish of Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; road-side above Gourdon ; links east
of Brotherton, Dr. Stephen.*

2. SILENE. CATCHFLY.

1. S. acaulis, Linn. (Moss Campion.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Brita, 53°—61°; 2300% to 4320 feet.

Confined to the higher ranges of mountains, but
very abundant there.

A.—Mount Keen, Lochnagar, Little Craigendall,
Callater Rocks, Ben-a-Buird, Ben Macdui, G. D.; on
Braeriach and Cairntoul, Mr. R. Mackay.

B.—Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay.

2. 8. inflata, Smith. (Bladder Campion.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea level to 800 feet.

Pastures and waste places. Not uncommon in the
lower districts.

K.—St. Cyrus and Bervie, Dr. Stephen; at new
Church of Nigg, G. D. ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—About Aberdeen, at Wellington Bridge, Pow-
der Magazine, Footdee, banks of Dee and Don, &c.
G. D.; in Buchan, Mr. A. Murray; Aberdour, Rev. J.
Gairdner ; Rhynie and Auchindoir, but rare in Clatt,
Rey. J. Minto; Forgue, and near Glack, Rev. J Abel.

B.—Dunlugas, rare, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach,
rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. S. maritima, Withering. (Sea Campion.)

* Rey. A. Beverly has found it on the bank of the Dee near
Ballater, ‘‘ apparently washed down from a garden.”

Silene. | XII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 23

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Sandy and stony places, &c. General.

By the coast, common; and occasionally in the
interior, along the courses of the Dee, the Don, the
Deveron. Frequent on some of the higher mountains
—Khoil, Lochnagar, &c. &e.

4, S. nutans, Linn. (Drooping C.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast only.

Very rare.

K.—Coast at St Cyrus, and Kineff, Stat. Account.

3. Lycunis. LYcHNIs.

1. L. Flos-cuculi, Linn. (Ragged Robin.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1300 feet.

Moist meadows and pastures. Common.

2. L. vespertina, Sibthorp. (White L.)

Biennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 500 feet ?

In fields, &c. Rather scarce in the interior, more
frequent in the lower parts; but nowhere a common
plant.

K.—St. Cyrus, Benholme, Dunnottar, Muchalls,
Nigg, Dr. Stephen.

A.—About Robslaw, Deeside at Cults, &. &c.
G. D. ; Forgue, Rev. J. Abel.

B.—Local in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach,

rare, Dr. L. Stewart.
3. L. diurna, Sibthorp. (Red Campion.)

24 XII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. [Lychnis.

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 2500 feet.

Moist shady places ; frequent and general. At the
above altitude on Lochnagar.

4, Saqina. PEARL-WORT.

1. 8S. maritima, Don. (Sea P.)

Annual. Flowers, May to July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Moist places along the coast line.

K.—St. Cyrus, south from Kirkside ; coast at
Gourdon ; Garron Point, Dr. Stephen. Near Girdle-
ness Lighthouse ; also at the south pier, G. D.

A.—Fissures of stones, north pier; the Inch ;
tidal line at railway viaduct; and Old-town Links,
G. D.; Buchanness, Mr. A. Murray ; Ythan-mouth,
Mr. Cow.

B.—Coast at Banff, Mr. G. C. Smith. *

2.—S. procumbens, Linn. (Procumbent P.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2700
feet.

Waste places, pastures, &e. Common.
3. S. saxatilis, Wimm. (Alpine P.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—59°; 2000 to 2500
feet ?

Rare. At high elevations, by streams, and on wet

* §. apetala, Linn. Mentioned in Prof. Macgillivray’s Nat.
History of Deeside, as found ‘‘about Aberdeen, and along the
rocky shore;” is also reported at St. Cyrus. The true plant
does not occur in the district; it and 8. maritima, are, however,
considered by some as identical.

Sagina. | XII, CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 25

rocks. The true plant is far from common, but occurs
on Ben-a-Buird, and others of the Braemar range.

4. S. subulata, Wimm. (Awl-leaved P.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Scottish type.

Range in Brita, 50°—61°; sea level to 1800
feet ?

Dry places about rocks, &c. Local.

K.—At St. Cyrus; Cloch Hill, Benholme, Dr.
Stephen. At Girdleness Lighthouse, &. G. D.; Ban-
chory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Robslaw Quarry; banks of the Dee ; serpentine
rocks, by the Udny road, near Meadowbank, G. D. ;
Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron; Normandyke, Culter, Dr.
J. Smith.

B.—Speyside, parish of Aberlour, Dr. L. Stewart.

5.—S. nodosa, Linn. (Knotted P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°— 60°; coast to
1200 feet.

Wet places. Frequent, but not a common plant.

K.—Den of Jackstone ; and on St. Cyrus’ Sands,
in marshy places ; Annie’s dam, Benholme ; Sooty-
wells, Garvock, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Near Aberdeen, on Stocket moor ; in Old-town
Links ; Belhelvie Links, &c. G. D. ; Dalhaiky, Cluny,
but rare, Mr. Barron ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Cruden,
Mr. A. Murray ; Castleton, Braemar, Mr. Sutherland.

B.—Among chingle, by Deveronside, in Alvah, rare,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr, L. Stewart.

5. HonckEeNyA,. SEA PURSLANE.

1, H. peploides, Ehrh. (Ovate-leaved 8. P.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°. Coast only.

26 XII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. [Honckenya.

Sandy shores, along the entire coast,

6. ARENARIA. SANDWORT.

1. A. verna, Linn. (Vernal S.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to July. Scottish type?
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 600 to 1500 feet.
Rocks in the interior.

Confined to the serpentine tracts in Leslie ; Clatt ;
at Noth ; Knockespock, Rev. J. Minto. Towanrieffe,
(serpentine), Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland. On rocks
of same composition at Den of Craig; and on the
Greenhill of Strathdon, G. D.

2. A. serpyllifolia, Linn. (Thyme-leaved S.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 60°; sea level to 900
feet.
Walls ; and dry waste places. Rather local.
A.—Tops of walls at Ferryhill ; road-side at Broom-
hill ; Raeden ; Kittybrewster, G. D, On the Deeside
road, at the third mile-stone, Dr. J. Smith ; Drumna-
hoy, in Cluny, Mr. Barron ; parish of Coull, Stat. Ac-
- count ; in Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto ; upon the bridge
over the Dee, at Invercauld, Mr. Croall.

3. A. trinervis, Linn. (Three-nerved S.)
Annual. Flowers, June to July. British type. Range

in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200 to 1000 feet.

Shady woods. Very rare in this district.

A.—In the wood at Den of Gight, parish of Meth-
lick, G. D ; in a small ravine, west from Linn of Dee,
Mr. Croall.

B.—Wood of Shaws, parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr-
Todd.

Stellaria. | XII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 27

7. STELLARIA. STITCHWORT.

1. S. media, Withering. (Common Chickweed. )

Annual. Flowers, nearly all the year. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; sea level to 1800
feet ?

Common everywhere.

2. S. holostea, Linn. (Greater 8.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; sea level to 1300
feet.

Woods and hedges. Generally diffused in all parts
of the district.
3. S. graminea, L. (Narrow-leaved 8S.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to August. British type.
ae in Britain, 50°—61° ; sea level to 1400
eet.

Dry pastures, heaths, &e. Frequent.

4. 8. uliginosa, Murr. (Bog 8S.)

Annual. Flowers, May to June. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—61° ; sea level to 2800 feet.

Ditches and streams. Generally diffused.

8. CrerRastium. Movusr-Ear CHICKWEED.

1. C. vulgatum, Linn. (Broad-leaved M.)
Annual. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 900
feet.

Road-sides and waste places. Common.

2. C. viscosum, Linn. (Narrow-leaved M.)
Annual. Flowers, March to September. [British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; sea level to
2397 feet.

28 XII, CARYOPHYLLACEAE. [Cerastium.

Waste places, &c. Common.

3. C. semidecandrum, Linn. (Small M.)
Annual. Flowers, March to May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 500
feet.
Wall tops and dry sandy places. Frequent.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; near Aber-
deen, at the south pier ; Old-town Links ; Inch, &.,
G. D.; in Buchan, Mr. A. Murray; Aberdour, Rey.
G. Gairdner ; Clatt and Grange, Rev. J. Minto.
B.—Parish of Alvah, but local, Rev. Dr. Todd.

4, C. tetrandrum, Curtis. (Four-cleft M.)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line.
Dry sandy places. Local.
K.—At the Cove, Dr. Stephen.

A.— At Aberdeen, links at the Broadhill and
northwards.

5. C. arvense, Linn. (Field C.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 500 feet.

Dry gravelly places. Very local

K.—Near the mill on Burn of Shevoch, at Kirk of
Durris, Rev. A. Beverly; banks of Dee behind Nether-
Banchory Church, and between the Mill Inn at Mary-
culter and the river Dee, Professor Macgillivray ; at
farm of Bankhead, Maryculter, Dr. A. Fleming.

_ A.—Ina field near the north end of the old Bridge
of Dee ; and on north bank of the Dee, a mile above
the old bridge, G. D.; about Drumoak, &., Dr. J.
Smith ; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr. Barron ; in
parishes of Rhynie, Clatt, and Lesle, not common,
but plentiful where it does grow, Rev. J. Minto.

Cerastium. | XII. CARYOPHYLLACEAE. 29

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd. ; in Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

6. C. alpinum, Linn. (Hairy alpine C.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1480 to 3000 feet ¢

Confined to the higher and inland districts.

Craig behind the farm of Lin Mui, west from
Ballater, at the low elevation above mentioned, in this
locality it is abundant, G. D.; also on Lochnagar,
Callater Rocks, Ben Macdui, and other parts of the
same range.

7. C. latifolium, Linn. (Broad-leaved alpine C.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to September. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1800 to 3000
feet.

This is a rarer plant than the last.
A.—On Little Craigendall, Mr. Croall ; Ben Mac-
dui ; Cairntoul.

B.—At head of Loch Avon; on Cairngorm; in
Glen Avon, ‘“ Flora of Moray.”

8. C. trigynum, Fries. (Stitchwort C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°; 2400 to
4000 feet.

Very rare.

A.—Rocks on the north and south sides of Ben
Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay ; Little Craigendall, and Wells
of Dee, Mr. Sutherland.

B.—On Cairngorm, Mr. H. C. Watson.

30 XII, LINACEAE. [Linum.

ORDER XIII.—LINACEAE.
1. Linum. Fax.

1. L. eatharticum, Linn. (Purging F.)

Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1700
feet.

Pastures and heaths. Generally diffused.

2. RapiouaA. FnLAx SEED.

1. R. millegrana, Smith. (Thyme-leaved F.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; sea level to 650
feet.

Bogs and wet gravelly places. Rather local.

K.—Moor of Benholme, Mr. Chrystall ; near new
Church of Nigg, and in Bay of Nigg, G. D. ; west side
of embankment a little above Nether-Banchory Church,
Dr. Stephen ; marshes at Feuch bridge, and Loch of
Park, Dr. Adams.

A.—Links at Aberdeen, Dr. R. Harvey ; Fyfe
moss, Belhelvie, and road-side at Scotston moor, in
marshy spots, G. D.; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; Loch of Auchlossan, Lumphanan, Dr. A.
Murray ; road-side above Kincardine O’Neil, Mr.
Sutherland ; at west end of Loch Cannor, G. D. ;
Heugh of Crimond, and elsewhere in Buchan, Mr.
Cow ; on the hill, a mile west of Aberdour manse,
Mr. A. Cruickshank.

B.—At hill of Maunderlea, Alvah, Mr. G. C. Smith.

Malva.) XIV. MALVACEAE. al

ORDER XIV—MALVACEAE.

1. Matva. Mattow.

1. M. rotundifolia, Linn. (Dwarf M.)

Perennial. Flowers, July to September. English
type. Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast only.

Very rare. This is the only wild species of mallow
in the district.

K.—St. Cyrus, at Milton of Mathers, Mr. Suther-
land and Mr. Croall; south end of the Wellington
Suspension Bridge, Mr. Smith.

A.—Formerly at the south end of the fish-town of

Footdee, G. D.; at Ravenscraig, parish of Peterhead,
Mr. A. Murray.

ORDER XV.—HYPERICACEAE.

1. Hypericum. St. JonHn’s Wort.

1. H. guadrangulum, Linn. (Square-stalked St. J.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 450 feet.
By ditches, and in wet pastures. Local.

K.-—St. Cyrus cliffs, and north from Den Fenella,
and in Den of Morphie, Dr. Stephen ; marshes about
Muchals ; by the dam at south end of Den of Leggart ;
Corbie Den, Maryculter, G. D.

A.—Beside Gilcomston dam ; by rivulets in the
links of Belhelvie ; banks of Dee and Don, &c., G. D. ;
by the sides of the burn at Robslaw Bleachfield, Mr.
Sutherland ; beside the avenue to Culter House, Dr. J.
Smith ; Wanton Wells, Insch, Mr. M‘Donald ; Alford, .

32 XV. HYPERICACEAE. [Hypericum.

Rey. Dr. Farquharson ; Burn of Forgue near Cobairdy,
Rey. J. Abel.

B.—Denmill, Alvah, rare ; more abundant in some
of the neighbouring parishes, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. H. humifusum, Linn. (Trailing St. J.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 400
feet.
Dry pastures and waste places. Frequent.
K.—South bank of Dee, above the old bridge,
GoD.
A.—North bank of Dee ; frequent in Belhelvie ;
abundant about Drumoak, &e. &e.

B.—Frequent in pastures in parish of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. H. pulchrum, Linn. (Small upright St. J.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Banks, moors, woods, &. Frequent. General in
this district.

4. H. hirsutum, Linn. (Hairy St. J.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea
level to 700 feet.

Banks and rocky places. Rather local.

K.—Den Fenella ; St. Cyrus’ cliffs ; Arbuthnot ;
Stonehaven to Muchalls, Dr. Stephen ; near the old
Church of Nige, G. D.; north bank of Dee below
Maryfield Cottage, Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ; near
Maryculter House, Dr. J. Smith.

A.—North bank of Dee above the old bridge ;
north bank of the Don above the old bridge, where it

Hypericum. ] XV. HYPERICACEAE. 33

erew 100 years ago “in rupibus Don, prope pontem,’
Skene, MSS. ; foot of Glen Gairden, Mr. Croall ; banks
of Dee at Ballater, Rev. A. Beverly; in Alford, on
Don braes opposite Kirktown of Forbes, Rev. J. Minto ;
banks of Don at Breda, Mr. Sutherland; parish of
Glass, Stat. Account ; Deveron-side at Huntly Lodge,
Rey. J. Abel.

B.—Braes of Montcoffer, and occasionally on
Deveron-side above and below Bridge of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; woods at Duff House, “Flora of Moray ;”
Fiddoch-side, rare, Dr. Stewart.

5. H. perforatum, Linn. (Perforated St. J.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
380 feet ?
Shady places. Very rare.
K.—Den Fenella ; Kirkside, St. Cyrus ; and below
North Esk bridge, Dr. Stephen.
A.—Den of Robslaw, G. D.; parish of Glass, Stat.
Account.

OrDER XVI.—GERANITACEAE.
1. GmRANIUM. CRANE’S BILL.

1. G. sanguineum, Linn. (Bloody C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type (or Inter-
mediate). Range in Britain, 50°—58>? ; sea level
to 1200 feet.

Banks and rocks. Rather local ; appears to be
more abundant in the southern parts of this district.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Garvock, Benholme, and
Johnshaven, Dr. Stephen; Kineff, Stat. Account ;
D

34. XVI. GERANIACEAE. [Geranium.

abundant on the cliffs at the Cove and southwards,
Can: ‘

A.—Banks of Don; and at Castleton, Braemar,
GD. Not in lists of plants at Corgarff, Alvah, nor
Mortlach.

2. G. sylvaticum, Linn. (Wood C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type
(or Intermediate). Range in Britain, 52°—60° ;
100 to 2600 feet.

Woods and river banks. Rather local.

K.—Den of Davo ; below Blackness, Strachan ;
Burn of Benholme, Dr. Stephen ; parish of Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; Corbie Den, G. D. ; Banchory-Ternan,
Dr. Adams.

A.—Robslaw Den ; banks of Dee and Don, along
the course of both ; Craig of Lin Mui, near Ballater ;
Corrymulzie, Braemar ; Callater Rocks, and Ben Mac-
dui, G. D. ; Clatt, Den of Craig, &. Rev. J. Minto ;
woods of Avochie, Rev. J. Abel ; Laithers, near Turiff,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Along Deveron-side, and near Bridge of Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; common in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. G. pratense, Linn. (Blue Meadow C.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type
(or English), Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
to 1747 feet.

Moist shady places, rocks, &c. Local.

K—Coast at St. Cyrus, Stat. Account ; Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; beach between Gourdon and Johns-
haven, Dr. Stephen ; Finnan and Portlethen, G. D.

A.—Donside at Dyce ; Kintore and Kemnay, Mr.
P. Macgillivray ; banks of Don at Castle Forbes, Dr.
A. Fleming; Drumnahoy in Cluny, Mr. Barron ;
Khoil at Ballater, at 1747 feet, G. D.; a little above

Geranium. | XVI. GERANIACEAE. 35

Balmoral, Mr. Croall ; ruins of Castle of Lismore in
Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto ; Den of Wardhouse, Mr.
M‘Donald. Reported as scarce in the higher parts of
the Garioch district. Banks of the Deveron opposite
Mayen House, Rev. J. Abel.

B.—Deveron-side, and near Bridge of Alvah, Rey.
Dr. Todd ; Delnabo and Campdalmore, near Tomintoul,
“ Flora of Moray.”

4. G. Robertianum, Linn. (Herb-Robert.)

Annual. Flowers, May to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 1500
feet.

Woods, waste places, &c. Frequent, and general.

5. G. molle, Linn. (Dove’s-foot C.)

Annual. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1000
feet.

Dry pastures, &e. &. Common.

6. G. dissectum, Linn. (Jagged-leaved C.)
Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; sea level to 1250
feet.
Pastures and waste places. Frequent.

The highest and most inland locality known to me,
is at Castleton, Braemar, where it was observed by
Mr. Croall ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

2. ERopium. Storxk’s BI.

1. E. cicutarium, Smith. (Hemlock S.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; sea level to 300 feet ?

Dry sandy places, and waste ground. Frequent.

36 XVII. OXALIDACEAE. [ Oxalis.
OrpDER XVII.—OXALIDACEAE.

1. Oxauis. Woop-SorRRBEL.

1. O. Acetosella, Linn. (Common W.)

Annual. Flowers, April to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 3800
feet.

Woods, and shady crevices about stones and rocks.

General.

Sub-Class I1.—CALYCIFLORAE.

ORDER XVII. LEGUMINOSAE.
1. Uvex. Furze.

l. U. Europaeus, Linn. (Furze, Whin, or Gorse.)
Perennial. Flowers, February to August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—59°; sea level to

1200 feet.

Of general occurrence in the lower districts, thin-
ning out towards the interior. It is plentiful, but
rather small, about Ballater. Between Castleton and
Crathie it is rarely seen ; at the former place, it is one
of the rarest of plants. In Glen Muick, the last whin
bush is seen half a mile east of Acholzie. It occurs in
Mortlach.

2. GENISTA. GREENWOOD.

1. G. Anglica, Linn. (Needle Gorse, Petty-whin.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; near

sea level, 2200 feet.

Genista. | XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. a7

Heaths and moors. Very general; and on the
whole, more abundant in the interior.

Hills at Nigg; Stocket and Scotston moors ; Gar-
logie moor ; Hill of Fare; Aboyne; Ballater; Crathie ;
Castleton.

3. SPARTIUM. BROOM.

1.8. scoparium, Linn. (Common Broom. )

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Dry waste places. Common.

Like the whin, this plant becomes rarer In passing
to the more inland districts. It is, however, very lux-
uriant about Aboyne, and also at Ballater. From
Crathie to Castleton it is scaree, but occurs, though
rare, 2 few miles west from the latter. In Glen
Muick it ceases with the whin. On Donside it is still
luxuriant some distance west of Inverernan, the whin
having disappeared several miles lower.* On the cliffs
in Glen Callater, Mr. Croall found “a few plants, 10
or 12 inches in length, closely appressed to the rock,
and in full flower.”

4, Ononts. ReEstT-HARROW.

1. O. arvensis, Linn. (Common R.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; sea level to 400
feet.

* Jn the severe winter of 1855, when the temperature fell to
minus 1° F. (at Aberdeen), the whin and broom in all exposed
places were killed to the ground. This effect was most conspicu-
ous along the coast; probably because these plants attain larger
size, and the shelter afforded by the snow is less. The plants were

pushing vigorous shoots from the under-ground part, in the
following season.

38 XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. [Ononis.

Old pastures and waste places. Very local.

K.—At St. Cyrus; Den of Morphie ; and north
from Stonehaven, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Old-town Links near the brick-work, and on a
bank opposite Fintray House, Dr. A. Fleming; links,
north of Don-mouth, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Milltown
of Kemnay, and bank of Ury at Inverury, Mr. Burnet ;
at Aboyne, Deeside, Stat. Account ; Dungarvan, parish
of Leshe, Mr. M‘Donald ; near the mouth of the river
Ugie, on the north side, G. D.; links of St. Fergus,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Occasionally on Deveron-side, and Bridge of
Banff, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L.
Stewart.

5. ANTHYLLIS. KIDNEY-VETCH.

1. A. Vulneraria, Linn. (Common K. V.)

Perennial. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2450
feet.

Dry pastures and rocks. General in the district.

6. Mepicago. MEeEDICcK.

1. M. lupulina, Linn. (Black M.)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea level to 1200
feet.

Fields and waste places. Frequent. Is abundant
in Corgarff, at the height above mentioned

7. Trirotium. TREFOIL-CLOVER.

1. T. repens, Linn. (White T. or Dutch C.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Trifolium. | XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. 39

Meadows, pastures, &c. Frequent and widely dif-
fused ; attains the elevation above mentioned on Morven.

2. T. pratense, Linn. (Purple C.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britam, 50°—61°; sea level to 1250
feet.

Meadows and pastures. Frequent.

3. T. medium, Linn. (Zigzag T.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1000

_ feet.

Dry banks and rocky places. Frequent, but rather
local.

K.—Blackness, Strachan ; Dens of Jackstone, St.
Cyrus ; Morphie and Davo, Dr. Stephen ; coast north
from Stonehaven, and at Girdleness, G. D.

A.—Banks of Dee at Aberdeen ; Den of Maiden-
eraig, &c. G. D.; Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Clatt, Rev. J.
Minto ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; on the ascent
to the Lin Mui, near Ballater, G. D. Not in Corgartt
nor Mortlach lists.

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

4. T. arvense, Linn. (Hare’s-foot T.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 400 feet.

Fields, &c. Rare.

K.—On ruins of Dunnottar Castle, G. D.

A.—Tillenhilt, and Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; in Buchan district, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

5. T. seabrum, Linn. (Rough T.)

40 XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. [ Trifolium.

Annual. Flowers, May to July. English type. Range
in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast only.
Maritime pastures. Very rare.
K.—Coast at Kaim of Mathers, St. Cyrus; at
Dunnottar, by the footpath to the castle, Dr. Stephen.

6. T. procumbens, Linn. (Hop T.)
Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; sea level to 500 feet.
Dry pastures, &c. Frequent; especially in the
lower parts of the district.
7. T. filiforme, Linn. (Slender yellow T.)
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea
level to 500 feet ?

Pastures and waste places. Frequent ; scarcer in
inland parts. Rare in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart

8. Lotus. Brrp’s-Foot TREFOIL.

1. L. corniculatus, Linn. (Common B.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 1900
feet ?

Pastures and banks. General, and frequent.

2. L. major, Scop. (Large B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58°; sea
level to 500 feet.

Sides of streams, ditches, &. Frequent, but not
common.

K.—At Cove, Nigg, &c., &e., G. D.

A.—Banks of Dee and Don; Stocket and Scotston
moors, &e., &e, G. D.; Alford, Rev. J. Minto. Not in

Corgarff list.

Lotus. | XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. 4]

B.— Below the Den at Linhead, in Alvah, rare,
Rey. Dr. Todd. Not in list of Mortlach plants.

9, Astracauus. MiLK-VEtTcH.

1. A. glycyphyllus, Linn. (Sweet M. V.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Germanic
type, (or British.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
coast. chiefly.

Woods and bushy places. Very rare in this district.
K.— Cliffs at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; Thornyhive,
near Dunnottar Castle, Dr. A. Fleming, where it grew

100 years ago, “‘Solummodo inveni in rupibus Thorny-

hive, prope Dunnottar,’ Skene MSS.

A.—Den of Boyne, Mr. A. Murray.

2. A. hypoglottis, Linn. (Purple Mountain M. V.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Germanic type,
(or British.) Range in Britain, 51°—58° ; coast
line only.

Dry grassy banks. Very local.

K.—Coast at Benholme, Stat. Account. Abundant
at the Cove ; Burnbanks; and north end of Bay of
Nigg, G. D.

A.—“ South-east corner of the Broadhill in links
at Aberdeen,” Dr. D. Skene. It is still there in small
quantity.

3. A. alpinus, Linn. (Alpine M. V.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°; 2400 to 2600
feet.

A. Upon the face of a hill called Little Craigendal,
north-west of the House of Invercauld in Braemar.

This interesting addition to the Flora of our county
was made some years ago by Professor Balfour.

42 XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. [ Vicia.

10. Victa. VetcH. Tare.

1. V. lathyroides, Linn. (Spring V.)
Annual. Flowers, April to June. British type? Range
in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line.
Sandy pastures. Very local.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Stat. Account.

A.—Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen, G. D.
‘ Solummodo inveni in campis nostris maritimis,”
Skene MSS.; it is still very plentiful in the links
north of the Broadhill, G. D. Links at Cruden, Mr.
A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, but not common, Rev. Dr. Todd.

ZA. Ve sativa, inne (Common V.)
Annual. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—59°; sea
level to 500 feet.

Pastures and waste places. Frequent, but not
common.

Var. B, angustifolia is found on the coast at St.
Cyrus ; north of the Dee, a mile above the old bridge ;
sandhills east of the Preventive Station at Don-mouth ;
at Aberdour. In Alvah, and in Mortlach.

3. V. sepium, Linn. (Bush V.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 1800
feet.

Woods and shady places. General and common.

4. V. lutea, Linn. (Rough-podded yellow V.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. English type ?
Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast only.
Stony and rocky banks. Very rare.

K.—On the north bank of the river North Esk,
near the sea, Dr. A. Murray ; St. Cyrus cliffs, near the

Vicia.] XVIII. LEGUMINOSAE. 43

cave at Nether Warburton, and at the base of the
cliffs, Dr. Stephen.
5. V. Cracca, Linn. (Tufted V.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet?

Bushy places and banks. General in this district.

6. V. sylvatica, Linn. (Wood V.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type?
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; sea level to 1500
feet.

In woods and upon shady rocks. Widely diffused,
but not a common plant.

K.—Abundant on the Cliffs at St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen. Coast at Johnshaven ; Dunnottar ; Muchalls ;
the Cove, &c., G. D.

A.—Strathdon, Mr. Barron. Falls of the Glassilt,
head of Loch Muick ; in the wood south-west from
Balmoral Castle ; Braemar, G. D. Cruden, Mr. A.
Murray ; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner.
7. V. hirsuta, Koch. (Hairy V.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 50 to 500 feet.
Waste places. Not common.
K.—Stony beach at Den Fenella, &c. Dr. Stephen.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Robslaw Quarry ; north side
of the Don, near the sea, &c. G. D. Reported as grow-
ing in Cluny, Alford, Aberdour, &c.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.

11. OrnitHoPuUsS. Brrp’s- Foot.

1. O. perpusillus, Linn. (Common B. F.)

+4 XVII. LEGUMINOSAE. [Ornithopus.

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; local.
Dry sandy and gravelly soil. Very rare.

B.—Formerly on dry pastures, farm of Boghead,
lying between the mill-dam of Nether Mindon, and the
public road, parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

12. Latayrus. VETCHLING. EVERLASTING-PEA.

1. L. pratensis, Linn. (Meadow Vetchling.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 60°—61° ; sea level to 1200
feet.

Meadows and pastures. Common.”
Attains the above elevation in Corgarff.

13. Ornosus. Brirrer-VETCH.

1. O. tuberosus, Linn. (Tuberous B. V.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Moors and mountain pastures. General.

ORDER XIX.—ROSACEAE.

1. Prunus. PuumM anp CHERRY.

1. P. communis, Hudson. (Common P.)
Var. a, spinosa, (P. spinosa, Linn.) (The Sloe.)

* VL. sylvestris, Linn. is reported as found by the late Dr.
Stephen, at St. Cyrus’ cliffs, on the west side of the cave at North
Warburton, with Vicia lutea. The Scottish localities for this plant
are all rather suspicious, and therefore the plant is for the present
excluded from the list.

Prunus. | XIX. ROSACEAE. 45

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast line to 700
feet.

Rocky places, &c. Widely diffused, but not
common.

K.—Kincardineshire coast, at the Cove, &c.

A.—North bank of Don at the old bridge, G. D. ;
steep bank at Church of Peterculter, Dr. a Smith ;
woods of Cordach at Kincardine O’N eil, Mr. Barron :
near Dee Castle, and at Ballater, G. Dee in Rhynie,

Rev. J. Minto ; Den of Gight, G. D. ; coast at Aberdour,

Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Deveron-side, Rev. J. Abel ; braes of Mount-
coffer and Inverkeithny, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach,

Dr. L. Stewart.

2. P. Padus, Linn. (Bird-Cherry.)
Perennial. Flowers in May. British type. Range in
Britain, 51°—59° ; from 50 to 1000 feet.
Woods, &c. Very local.

K.—Road-side near Kingcausie, and in the Corbie
Den; G. D.

A.—At Parkhill, G. D.; Craibstone, Mr. P. Mac-
gillivray ; about Ballater, and banks of Dee at Castle-
ton, G. D. ; in Strathdon, Mr. Barron.

B.—Den at Linhead, Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. SPIRAEA. MEADOW-SWEET.

1. S. Ulmaria, Linn.

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2400
feet ?

Meadows and moist banks. Generally diffused.

46 XIX. ROSACEAE. [Dryas.

3. Dryas. Dryas.
1. D. octopetala, Linn. (White D.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—60°; 2400 to
2700 feet.

High inland pastures and rocks. Rare.

A.—On Lochnagar, Mr. R. Mackay; Little Gianna
dall, G. D.; on Ben Avon, Ben-a-Buird, and Ben
Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay.

4, Geum. AVENS.

1. G. urbanum, Linn. (Common A.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to
500 feet.
Woods and hedges. Rather general here, but far
from common.
K.—Road-side, near Kingcausie, G. D.
A.—Formerly at the Stocket, G. D. ; woods of
Lairney, Mr. Barron ; in Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquhar-
son ; more plentiful in Alford than the next species ;
Den of Craig, Rev. J. Minto ; Cobairdy, Frendraught,
and Avochie woods, Rev. J. Abel; Aberdour, Rev. G.
Gairdner. .

B.—Abundant in parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ;
in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart ; in Rothiemay, Rev. J.
Abel. |

2. G. rivale, Linn. (Water A.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type, (or
Scottish.) Range in Britain, 50°—60°; 50 to
2000 feet ?

By sides of rivers and in wet places. General, but
not common.

Geum. ] XTX. ROSACEAE. 47

K.—Corbie Den, Maryculter, G. D.

A.—Wood at the old Bridge of Don, and occa-
sionally along the courses of both Dee and Don, G. D. ;
woods of Midmar, and in Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; banks
of Dee at Ballater, G. D.; Alford, Rev. J. Minto ;
frequent on Deveron-side, Rev. J. Abel ; Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Near Bridge of Alvah, but rare, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; not common in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

uv.
ww

5. Rusus. BRAMBLE, RASPBERRY.’

1. R. Idaeus, Linn. (Common RB.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Brita, 50°—60° ; coast to 1800 feet.

Woods and waste places. Frequent ; and general.
In the Ballater district is often met with at the above
altitude ; as in Corry Rath, opposite Mount Keen ; Fall
of the Glassilt, head of Loch Muick, &c.

2. R. suberectus, And. (Upright B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 53°—59°; coast line to 1300
feet.

Thickets and waste places. So far as yet known, a
local species.

A.—North bank of the Dee, a mile above the old
bridge, G. D. ; Castleton, Braemar, Prof. Macgillivray ;
parish of Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

3. R. corylifolius, Smith. (Hazel-leaved B.)

* The species of this genus have given rise to much difference
of opinion among our authorities. It is to be feared that many
varieties have been ranked as species. We regret the impossibility,
a present, of giving a more satisfactory account of those in this

istrict. ’

48 XIX. ROSACEAE. { Rubus.

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. English type ?
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1000
feet ?

Hedges and waste places. General. A species

under this name, reported from most parts of the | |

district.

4, KR. fruticosus, Linn. (Common B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast line to 500
feet ?

Thickets and wastes. General. <A species under
this name reported from most parts of the district.

d. R. rhamnifolius, W. & H. (Black-leaved B.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. English type ?
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet 1
Hedges and thickets. Rare.
Var. B, nitidus. Braemar, Prof. Macgillivray.

6. R. saxatilis, Linn. (Stone B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type, (or Highland.) Range in Britain, 51°—
61°; 200 to 1800 feet.

Shady rocks, &e. General, but not a common
plant.
K-—Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.; parish of

Strachan, Stat. Account; Den between Durris and

Maryculter, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

A.—Den of Maidencraig, G. D. ; woods of Midmar,
Mr. Barron; Linn of Muick; Craigendarrch at Bal-
later ; Falls of the Glassilt, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ;
near Castleton on Craig Koynach, Mr. Gardiner ;
Corrymulzie, G. D.; Burn of Caw at the water-fall,
Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; woods of Auchindoir, Rev. J.
Minto; Tullynessle, Mr. Sutherland; in the Buchan
district, Mr. A. Murray.

Rubus. | XIX. ROSACEAE. 49

B.—Rocks at Bridge of Stonley, parish of Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart. *

6. R. Chamaemorus, Linn. (Mountain B. or
cloudberry. )

Perennial. Flowersin June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1000 to 3700 feet.
Alpine bogs ; often concealed among long heath.
Confined to the more inland and higher districts, but
there in the greatest profusion.

K.—Parish of Fordoun, Dr. A. Murray.

A.—Hill of Fare, at 1200 feet, 15-16 miles west
from Aberdeen, the station nearest the coast line, in
this county, G. D. Near the east and west tops of
Benachie, Mr. A. Cruickshank ; on this hill—20 miles
from the coast—I have seen it much lower than at the
places indicated by Mr. Cruickshank, and certainly not
much exceeding 1000 feet ; in Clatt and Tullynessle,
Rev. J. Minto ; abundant on Morven, Mount Keen, Loch-
nagar, Glen Callater, Mourne, Ben Avon, Ben-a-Buird,
Ben Macdui, &. &c. ; and on Donside, in Corgarff.

B.—Abundant also in the higher inland parts of
Banffshire ; on the Bin Hill at Cullen, north side only,
Mr. Carmichael ; the extreme point of which hill does
not exceed 1060 feet above the sea.

6. FRAGARIA. STRAWBERRY.

1. F. vesca, Linn. (Wood S.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1700
feet.

Woods, dry banks, &c. Frequent.

* R. caesius, Linn. Has been reported as found in Kincardine-
shire, and in Midmar ; I have never seen the plant in this district,
and consider its existence here as very doubtful.

E

50 XIX. ROSACEAE. [fragaria.

This plant, though rather general in the district, is
not common, and appears to be on the whole equally
frequent in the inland as in the lower parts.

K.—Corbie Den, d&c. G. D.

A.—Den of Robslaw; banks of Dee ; Robslaw
quarry ; Den of Leggart ; Hillton quarry, &. &e. G. D.
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ;
Falls of the Glassilt, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; Carr
Rocks at Castleton, Braemar.

B.—At Hill of Alvah and Bridge of Alvah, rare,
Rey. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

7. Comarum. MarsxH CINQUE-FOIL.

1. C. palustre, Linn. (Purple M. F.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet ?

Marshes and peat bogs. Frequent.

8. PoTENTILLA. CINQUE-FOIL.

1. P. anserina, Linn. (Silver-weed C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 60°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet.
Meadows, sandy and stony places. Frequent and
general in the district ; occurs near Castleton, at the
elevation above mentioned.

2. P. alpestris, Hal. Ful. (Orange alpine C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 52°—57° ; 1300 to 2600 feet.
Confined to the higher and inland parts.

hse Ne Braemar, in the following localities :—near
Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall ; top of Craig Koynach, Mr.

Potentilla. | XIX. ROSACEAE. 51

Gardiner ; Carr Rocks, Mr. Sutherland ; Glen Callater,
Mr. A. K. Clark; Rocks of Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay
and G. D.; Lochnagar, Little Craigendall, and Ben
Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay.
3. P. reptans, Linn. (Creeping C.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. English type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200 to 400 feet ?
Shady places, &c. Very rare in this district.

A.—Den of Robslaw, Dr. J. Henderson ; where I
also gathered it in 1837, G. D.

B.—At Loch Park, in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4. P. Tormentilla, Sibth. (Tormentil. )
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3300 feet.
Moors and heaths. General in the district.

It is one of the few plants on the summit of Mor-
ven, and occurs on Ben-a-Buird at the height above
mentioned.

Var. B, reptans, is not uncommon.

5. P. Fragariastrum, Eprh. (Strawberry-leaved C.)
Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type

(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200
to 1400 feet ?

Woods and banks. Not very frequent.

K.—In Den of Leggart, and Corbie Den; south
bank of Dee at Craiglug, G. D.

A.—Wood at old Bridge of Don, G. D.; at Aboyne,
Stat. Account ; dry bank at Church of Forgue, Rev. J.
Abel. Not in ‘the Corgarff list.

B.—In Alvah, rare, Rev. Dr. Todd.

9. SIBBALDIA. SIBBALDIA.

1. S. procumbens, Linn, (Procumbent 8S.)

52 XIX. ROSACEAE. [ Sibbaldia.

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—61]° ; 1600 to 4200 feet.

Confined to the higher mountain ranges in the in-
terior, where it occurs in great profusion.

A.—Upon Morven, from 1800 feet to near the
summit it forms a perfect carpet of vegetation, G.D. ;
Lochnagar, Mr. R. Mackay; on the Callater Rocks,
G. D. ; Corry of Loch Kander, Professor Macgillivray ;
on the south brow of Ben Macdui, not 200 feet from
the summit, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

B.—On Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart.

10. ALcHEMILLA. Lapy’s MANTLE.

1. A. vulgaris, Linn. (Common L. M.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type
(or Scottish.) Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea
level to 2500 feet.
Way-sides, pastures, &c. Frequent.

2. A. alpina, Linn. (Alpine L. M.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 54°—60° ; 50 to 4170 feet.

Inland pastures and mountains. Chiefly in the
interior, but descending very low along the course of
the Dee, &c. The lowest natural limit of this plant is
probably about 400 to 600 feet, in lower stations being
chiefly along the course of the Dee, owing to transpor-
tation of seeds. In natural pastures along the level of
the road at Ballater, Abergeldie, and Crathie, this
species takes the place of A. vulgaris which almost
disappears.

A.—North bank of the Dee, beside the hut at the
old bridge, (1836,) G. D.; banks of Dee near Manse
of Drumoak, Dr. J. Smith. “Ad summitatem montis,
Morven; ad ripas Dee, Tullich ; et in arena ad ripas
inter Durris et Drumoak,” Dr. D. Skene, MSS. Com-

Alchemilla. | XIX. ROSACEAE. 58

mon about Ballater, and upwards to Castleton, &c., &c.,
G. D. ; abundant in Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Inchmore,
near the source of the Don, “ Northern Flora.”

B.—Den at Linhead, and at Craigs of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd; near Keith, Rev. Mr. Cowie; Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

3. A. arvensis, Smith. (Field L. M.)
Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1700
feet.

Gravelly places, fields, walls. Frequent, but more
abundant in the lower than in the higher inland parts.
On top of Bennachie.

11. AcRimonta. Linn. AGRIMONY.

1. A. Eupatoria, Linn. (Common A.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 700 feet.

Banks and rocks, &c. Very local.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus and Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrys-
tall. Coast at Muchalls, Dr. J. Henderson ; where I
have also gathered it.

A.—North bank of Don between the bridges, and
in the wood above the old bridge, Mr. P. Macgillivray ;
where it was found nearly 100 years ago, by Dr. D.
Skene, who writes “in rupibus, Don, prope pontem.”
Den of Gight, G. D.; north bank of Don, above the
bridge at Inverury, Mr. Sutherland; banks of the
Gairden, near Ballater, Rev. A. Beverly; in Cruden,
Mr. A. Murray, ; frequent between Haddo and Inver-
keithny Church, Rev. J. Abel ; coast at Aberdour, Rev.
G. Gairdner.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner; braes of
Mountcoffer, and below King-Edward manse, near the
burn, Rev. Dr. Todd.

54 XIX. ROSACEAE. [ Rosa.

12. Rosa. Ross, &e.

1. R. spinosissema, Linn. (Burnet-leaved R.) *

Perennial. lowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1800
feet.

Heaths and rocks. Very general.

K.—Abundant on rocks and grassy banks along
the Kincardineshire coast, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan,
Rey. J. Brichan.

A.—Aberdeen Links ; banks of Dee and Don ; in the
interior about Ballater ; summit of Khoil, &. G. D.

B.—Banks of Deveron ; rocks at Bridge of Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. R. Sabini, Woods. (Sabine’s R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range
in Britain, 51°—58° ; 300 to 1400 feet.
Very local and rare ?
A.—Buchan district, Mr. A. Murray; about Castle-
ton in Glen Clunie, &c.
Var. B, Doniana. Linn of Quoich, Professor Mac-
eillivray.
4, Rosa villosa, Linn. (Villous R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 50 to 1200 feet.
Waste places, &e., &e. Generally diffused.
About Aberdeen, Ballater, &c., G. D.; Corgarff,

Mm “Barron.; in Alwah,- Rey: Dr. Todd. 1. Net ?m
Mortlach list.

5. R. tomentosa, Smith. (Downy-leaved R. )

* KR. rubella, Smith. Reported as found on the banks of Dee
at Abergeldie, is considered by many a mere variety of R. spinos-
isstma.

Rosa. XIX. ROSACEAE. 55

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain? Coast line to 1200 feet ?
Woods and waste places.
Its range in this district is uncertain; it is by
many, considered a mere variety of the last. Occurs in
Alvah ; not in Mortlach list.

6. R. inodora, Fries. (Slightly scented R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type. 4
Range in Britain, 50°—57°; 150 to 1200 feet ?
Hedges, &c. Local? in this district.

“Banchory to Castleton,” Macgillivray, Natural
History of Deeside.

7. R. canina, Linn. (Dog R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 50 to 1450 feet.

K.—Not uncommon along the Kincardineshire
coast, G. D.

A.—Banks of Dee and Don; Robslaw quarry ;
Stocket, &., &. “A nearly spineless variety, with
long trailing branches, occurs in the wood above the
old Bridge of Don,’ Mr. P. Macgillivray ; also in the
interior, as at Ballater; in Glen Muick, &c. G. D. ;
Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; less common than R. villosa in
Clatt and Auchindoir, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.

8. R. caesia, Smith. (Glaucous Dog R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July.

This species is probably a mere variety of R. canina;
I cannot distinguish it, and place it here on the authority
of Professor Macgillivray, “ Ballater to Castleton, ”
Nat. Hist. of Deeside.

56 XIX, ROSACEAE. [Pyrus.
13. Pyrus.. Prar, &ec:

1. P. aucuparia, Gaertner. (Rowan-tree.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2100
feet.
Woods and rocks. Frequent.

This species is of general occurrence, and undoubt-
edly wild in many parts of the district ; it is a frequent
denizen of precipitous cliffs in the interior ; Mr. Wat-
son observed examples of it 2 feet in girth, on Loch-
nagar at an elevation of 1800 feet.

ORDER XX.—ONAGRACEAE.

1. Erinospium. WHILLOW-HERB.

1. E. angustifolium, Linn. (Rose-bay W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2000 feet.

Woods and moist rocks. Not common.

K.—Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen ; parish of Arbuth-
not, Mr. Chrystall ; occasionally along the coast from
Stonehaven to Aberdeen ; Corbie Den, Maryculter, G. D.

A.—Near the top of Benachie ; Pannanich cliffs ;
Bridge of Gairden ; Linn of Muick; Linn of Dee;
Falls of the Glassilt, head of Loch Muick, G. D. ; Den
of Knockespock ; west side of the Hill of Lonach, and
north side of the Hill of Knockley, in Strathdon, Rev.
J. Minto; Burn of the “Caw,” in Corgarff, Mr.
Barron ; coast at Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Rocks at Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ;
Delnabo, Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray.”

=~]

or

Epilobium. | XX. ONAGRACEAE.

2. E. hirsutum, Linn. (Great hairy W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. English
type (or British.) Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
coast line only.
Sides of ditches, &c. Very rare in this district.
K.—At Nether-Warburton, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ;
“In rupes maritimas, Thornyhive, ultra Dunnottar,”
Dr. D. Skene.
A.—Near Ellon, Dr. Murray; by the side of a
stream below Manse of Slains, Mr. Cow.

3. E. parviflorum, Schreb. (Small-flow. hairy W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast

line to 500 feet.

Marshes and sides of lakes and streams. Not
common.

K.—Jackstone, St. Cyrus, and Den of Morphie, Dr.
Stephen ; coast at Muchalls, Finnan, &., Rev. J.
Farquharson ; Loch of Leys, Dr. Adams.

A.—Loch of Skene, and banks of the Ury near
Inverury, Mr. Burnett ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
banks of the Ythan, at Ellon, Mr. Thom ; banks of the
Ugie, near Peterhead, Dr. Shier ; links of St. Fergus,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart. Not in the Alvah
list.

4. E. montanum, Linn. (Mountain W.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1800
feet.
Banks and waste places. Frequent.
General in the three counties ; attaining the eleva-

tion above mentioned near the Falls of the Glassilt,
head of Loch Muick, G. D.

58 XX. ONAGRACEAE. [Epilobium. — |

5. E. tetragonum, Linn. (Square-stalked W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1800
feet ?
Wet places. Frequent and widely diffused in the
district. ;

6. EK. palustre, Linn. (Marsh W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1800 feet.

Sides of lakes and ditches, &c. Not common, but —
found in most parts of the district. |

7. E. alsinifolium, Vill. (Chickweed-leaved W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range |
in Britain, 50°—59° ; 1800 to 3000 feet. |

Sides of alpine streams. Frequent.

A.—About streams on the Mourne at Castleton,
G. D. ; on the Carr Rocks, Castleton, Mr. Croall ; on
Lochnagar, Loch Kander, and Ben Macdui, Mr. Rh.
Mackay; on the ascent to Ben Avon, from Little Craig-
endall, Mr. Gardiner ; at the source of the Don, Dr.
A. Murray.

B.—Delnabo, Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray.”

8. E. alpinum, Linn. (Alpine W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1300 to 3800 feet.

At spring-heads and by streams. Confined to the
higher parts of the interior, but there in the greatest
profusion. More common than the last.

K.—Parish of Fordoun, Dr. A. Murray.

A.—In 1836, I found a few straggling plants among
the wet gravel and stones upon the north bank of the
Dee, above the old bridge, not 50 feet above the sea
level ; the seeds or plants had doubtless been trans-

Epilobium. | XX. ONAGRACEAE. 59

ported by floods. On the hills at Ballater, Mr. R.
Mackay ; abundant about the base of Morven, Loch-
nagar, Little Craigendall, the Mourne at Castleton, Glen
Callater, Ben Macdui, G. D. ; in parish of Alford, Rev.
Dr. Farquharson ; in Corgarff, not unfrequent, G. D. ;
in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—On Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. CrrcakaA. ENCHANTER’S NIGHTSHADE.

1. C. Lutetiana, Linn. (Common E.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type
(or English.) Range in Britain, 50°—59°; 80
to 200 feet.

Woods. Very rare in this district.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, “ Northern Flora.”

A.—Banks of the Dee, and banks of the Don at
the old bridge, ‘‘ Northern Flora ;” Den of Gight,
Stat. Account ; Buchan district, Mr. A. Murray.

2. C. alpina, Linn. (Alpine E.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type (or Highland.) Range in Britain, 51°-—60°;
200 to 1200 feet.

Widely diffused, but not common.

K.—Drumtochty, Dr. D. Lyall; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan. Var. intermedia, near Drumtochty,
Fordoun,. Rev. A. Beverly.

A.—Den of Robslaw, G. D. At Castleton, Braemar;
Paradise, Monymusk, Mr. Barron. Glenkindy in Strath-
don, Mr. Proctor.

B.—Den at Linhead, and also at Deveron-side, half
a-mile below Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; at
Cullen, Mr. Carmichael ; in Mortlach, several stations,
Dr. L. Stewart.

60 XXI. HALORAGACEAE. [Hippuris.

OrDER XXI.—HALORAGACEAE.

1. Hrpruris. Marnr’s-Talt.

1. H. vulgaris, Linn. (Common M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 50 to 1200 feet.

Ditches and bogs. Rather rare.

K.—Pitready, Strachan ; Jackstone, St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen ; pool by the avenue to Maryculter House,
Mr. Sutherland ; marsh above Bay of Nigg, Mr. P.
Macgillivray.

A.—Formerly in Ferryhill moss ; Braediach moss
in Skene ; bogs at Corsehill near Scotston, G. D.
Upper Drumnahoy, in Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson; Turnerhall moss, Dr. D. Skene;
Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Old Deer,
Stat. Account; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray; Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—-Gamrie parish, Stat. Account ; moss at Muiry-
hill, Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; several stations in Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. MyRIoPHYLLUM. WaATER-MILFOIL.

1. M. spicatum, Linn. (Spiked W. M.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1600
feet.
Stagnant waters. Abundant.

A plant under the above name is reported from all
parts of the district, and at the height above mentioned
in Loch Callater. Tt is probable that M. alter niflorum
may be the species in some of the localities, the two
being often confounded ; I possess, however, no note
of having seen it, G. D.

Peplis.] XXII, LYTHRACEAE. 61

OrpDER XXII.—LYTHRACEAE.

1. Pepnuis. WATER-PURSLANE.

1. P. Portula, Linn. (Common P.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; 100 to 500 feet.

Marshy places. Rather rare.

K.—Lochs of Park and Leys, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—In a little marsh at the north end of the road
bounding Summerhill (near Aberdeen) on the west,
also at Stocket moor, G. D. ; ditch at the 12th mile-
stone, Deeside turnpike, Dr. J. Smith ; frequent in wet
bogs in Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Leochel, Mr. Sutherland ;
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; Old Deer, Stat. Account ;'
Cruden, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, not common, Rev. Dr. Todd.

OrpDER XXIII.—PORTULACEAE.

1. Montra. BuLinKs.

1. M. fontana, L. (Water B.)

Annual. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 3300 feet.

Ditches and wet places. Common.

It is abundant in all parts, and is one of those
species which grow at springs and about rills on our
mountains, associated with Eipilobium alpinum, Saxi-
Fraga stellaris &e., &e.

62 XXIV. PARONYCHIACEAE. [Spergularia.

ORDER XXIV.—PARONYCHIACEHAE.

1. SPERGULARIA. SANDWORT-SPURREY.

1. S. rubra, St. Hil. (Field S.)

Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Brita, 50°—58° ; coast line to 1250
feet.

Gravelly and sandy places. Not uncommon. Re-
ported from most parts of the district ; occurs at Castle-
ton, Braemar.

2. 8S. marina, Camb. (Sea-side S.)
Biennial? Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line only.
On sand, clay, and in fissures of rocks along our
coast line.

2. SPERGULA. SPURREY.

1. S. arvensis, Linn. (Corn 8.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1386
feet.

Light soil, in fields, &c. Common.

OrpER XXV.—CRASSULACEAE.

1. SepumM. STONECROP.

1. S. Rhodiola, De Cand. ( Rose-root S.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 52°—61°,; coast line to 3500
feet.

Sedum. | XXV. CRASSULACEAE. 63

Sea cliffs and alpine rocks. Local on the coast ;
and on the higher ranges in the interior.

A.—On the rocks at “Bullers of Buchan,’ near
Slains Castle, Dr. A. Murray. Cliffs on Lochnagar, and
Callater Rocks, &c., &c., G. D.

-2. §. villosum, Linn. (Hairy S.)

Biennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 54°—58° ; 50 to 1250 feet ?

Marshy places. Generally diffused in the district ;
but not common.

K.—Bogs about Drumtochty ; ditches, Hill of Gar-
vock, and Hill of Woodstone, Mr. Croall. Marshes,
near new Church of Nigg, G. D.

A.—Road-side at Stocket moor, close by the bridge ;
bog at Scotston and Denmore ; marshes in Belhelvie
Links, G. D. Reported as growing in Cluny, Alford,
Corgarff, Fyvie, Clatt, Delgaty, and Laithers at Turriff.

B.—Bogbraes and Blackburn moors of Dunlugas,
Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. S. acre, Linn. (Biting S. or Wall-pepper. )
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 500 feet.
Sandy places, wall-tops, &c. Common in the lower
districts ; rarer in the interior.
K.—Not uncommon on the coast.
A.—Coast and wall-tops. Balfluig, in Alford ;

ruins of Castle of Lismore, in Rhynie, but rare, Rev.
J. Minto. Walls of Huntly Castle, Rev. J. Abel.

B.—* Rare in Alvah, almost extinct,’ Rev. Dr.
Todd ; Mortlach, rare, Dr. L. Stewart ; scarce in links
of Buckie and Portessie, Mr. Carmichael.

4. 8S. Anglicum, Hudson. (English 8.)

64 XXV. CRASSULACEAE. [ Sedum.

Annual. Flowers, June to August. Atlantic type (or
British.) Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; at 300 to
400 feet ?

Rocks, &e. A very rare plant on the east coast ; of
which I have never seen a trace in this district. It is
peculiarly a western species, and I insert it here on the
authority of Mr. P. Macgillivray’s ‘“ Aberdeen Flora ;”’
though I cannot help thinking there is some mistake.

A.— On a sand bank near the mill, and one or

_ two other elevations, mostly near the Don, in parish of |
Kemnay, Mr. Burnett.”

ORDER XXVI.—SAXIFRAGACEAE.

1. SAXIFRAGA. SAXIFRAGE.

1. S. stellarts, Linn. (Starry S.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 52°—59°; 1000 to 4320
feet.

Alpine rivulets, marshes, and wet rocks. Abundant
in the interior.

A.—Springs near top of Mount Battock ; abundant
on Morven, Mount Keen, Lochnagar, banks of Loch
Muick, Mourne at Castleton, Glen Callater, Ben-a-
Buird, Ben Macdui &. G. D. Waterfall on Burn of
Cachantesin, in Strathdon, Mr. Barron.

B.—On Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. S. nivalis, Linn. (Alpine-clustered S. )
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 53°—58° ; 2400 to 3800
feet.

Saxifraga. | XXVI. SAXIFRAGACEAE. 65

Alpine cliffs. Rare. Confined to rocks at high
elevations.
A.—Upon the rocks at head of Glen Callater, Mr.
Mackay and G. D.
3. 8. oppositifolia, Linn. (Purple Mountain S.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 52°—61° ; coast line to
3000 feet ?
Upon moist sea cliffs and alpine rocks. Rare on
the coast, but abundant on the higher hills.

A.—Coast at Aberdour, where it was first observed
by Rey. G. Gairdner many years ago ; the same station
is more particularly described by Mr. A. Cruickshank,
“on rocks on Aberdour coast, near Dundargue Castle
ruins.” In the interior it occurs on Lochnagar; margin
of Loch Callater, and on the Callater Rocks ; Little
Craigendall, Ben Macdui, &c., &., G. D.

4, 8. aizoides, Linn. (Yellow Mountain 8.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 54°-—60°; 50 to 3000 feet.

About springs, rills, and rivers. Abundant in the
interior.

K.—By Strachan and Potarch roads, Dr. Stephen.

A.—North bank of the Dee, one mile above the
_ old bridge, Mr. J. Cadenhead ; I saw it there in 1836.
Not unfrequent along the course of the Dee; Hill of
Fare at 500 feet, Mr. Barron ; with solitary flowers
near the house of Findrac, Mr. R. Fraser ; frequent at
tills by road-sides, Ballater and Castleton ; Glen Cal-
later, &e., &e., G. D.; Den of Chapelton, parish of
Leslie, Mr. M‘Donald; Buck of the Cabrach, Mr.
Sutherland.

B.—By the Deveron, at Bridge of Alvah, Dr. Shier;
in Mortlach, near the Spey, Dr. L. Stewart ; at Tomin-
toul, “ Flora of Moray.”

F

66 XXVI. SAXIFRAGACEAE, _ [Saxifraga.

5. 8. granulata, Linn. (White Meadow S.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or Intermediate). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
coast line to 875 feet.

Grassy banks, &c. Very local ; not in more inland
districts. . |

K.—In parishes of Bervie, Benholme, and Arbuth-
not, Stat. Account; abundant at the Cove and else-
where southwards, G. D.

A.—At Millden and Tarbathie, in Belhelvie, G. D. ;
top of Hill of Dunideer, parish of Insch, Rev. J. Minto ;
coast near Colliston in Slains, Mr. Cow ; in Buchan,
Mr, A. Murray.

b.—Near Portessie, on the coast, Mr. Carmichael.

6. S. rivularis, Linn. (Alpine, Brook 8.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britam, 56°—58°; 3000 to
3600 feet.

Moist alpine cliffs. Confined to the higher parts,
and rare.

A.—On the eastern precipice of Lochnagar, and on
the west side where Carex leporina grows, G. D. ; on
Ben-a-Buird, Professor Balfour; on Cairntoul, Mr.
hk. Mackay.

7. S. tridactylites, Linn. (Rue-leaved S.)
Annual. Flowers, April to June. SBritish type, (or

English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast
only.

Dry sandy places. Very rare.

A.—Sparingly in links of Belhelvie, Mr. Cow ;
north bank of Ugie, near Peterhead, Mr. A. Murray ;
links at Strathbeg, Mr. Cow.

8. 8S. hypnoides, L. (Mossy S.)

Saxifraga. | XXVI. SAXIFRAGACEAE. 67

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. Scottish type, (or
Highland). Range in Britain, 51°—60° ; coast
line to 3000 feet ?

In rocky places. Very local ; on coast and inland.
A.—On the Khoil near Ballater ; rocks in Glen
Callater, G. D.; Den of Auchmedden, and coast at

Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—At Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner.

9. S. caespitosa, Linn. (Tufted alpine S.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—58°.

Alpine rocks, &. Very rare.

A.—On Ben Avon, Dr. M. Barry; on Ben-a-Buird,
1830, Mr. M‘Nab ; “In August, 1830, Mr. M‘Nab of
the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, found at the base of
the precipice, (east side of Ben-a-Buird,) a tuft of S.
caespitosa, portions of which he gave to me, as I was
near him when he happened to find it.”” Professor Mac-
gillivray’s Nat. History of Deeside, p. 127.

2. CHRYSOSPLENIUM. GOLDEN-SAXIFRAGE.

1. C. alternifolium, Linn. (Alternate-leaved G.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. bBritish type,
(or Intermediate). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
coast line to 600 feet ?
Moist shady places. Very local.
KK.— Wood by the turnpike opposite Kingcausie,
G.7D. |
A.—South bank of the Don above the old bridge ;
banks of the Ythan at Ellon, G. D.; woods at Paradise,
Monymusk, Mr. Barron; banks of Don at Breda,
Alford, Mr. Sutherland; Den of Knockespock in Clatt,
Rev. J. Minto; in Buchan district, Mr. A. Murray ;
parish of Glass, Stat. Account.

B.—Rare in Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd ; Mill of Eden,

68 XXVI. SAXIFRAGACEAE. = [Chrysosplenium.

parish of King Edward, Stat. Account; at Gamrie,
Rey. G. Gairdner.
2. C. oppositifolium, Linn. (Common G.)
Perennial. Flowers, April to July. British type, (or
Highland). Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast
line to ?
Sides of streams and shady places. Common.

Orper XXVII.—UMBELLIFERAE.
J. HyprocotyLe. WHITE-RoT.

1. H. culgaris, Linn. (Common W ; or Marsh-
pennywort. )

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 500
feet ?

Bogs and marshes. Common in the lower districts;
rarer in the interior.

2. SANICULA. SANICLE.

1. S. Europaea, Linn. (Wood S.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59 ; 50 to 1200 feet.

Moist woods. General in the district, but not
common. -

K.—Wood at Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near village of Aboyne, Stat. Account ; at
Coull, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; wood at Castle of Midmar,
Mr. Barron ; birch wood between Corrymulzie and the
Mourne,’ Mr. Croall ; at Keig, Stat. Account ; Mungo
wood, near Huntly Castle, Rev. J. Abel ; in Buchan,
Mr. A. Murray; Den of Auchmedden, Rey. G. Gairdner.

Nanicula. | XXVII. UMBELLIFERAE. 69

B.—In asmall wood at Tipperty, Alvah, rare, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; at Gamrie, Stat. Account ; in Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

3. ERYNGIUM. ERYNGO.

1. EK. maritimum, Linn. (Sea E. or Sea holly.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Sandy sea-shores. Very rare.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Stat. Account.
A.—Links at Crimond, Mr. Cow.

4. Cicuta. WatTerR-HEMLOCK.

1. C. virosa, Linn. (W. H.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 51°—58°? 400 feet.
Watery places. Very rare.
“Grounds of Castle Fraser and Fetternear,’ Mr.
Burnett’; Mr. P. Macgillivray’s Flora. I have never
seen it in the district, G. D.

5. Henosctapium. MarsH-wort.

1. H. tnundatum, Koch. (Least M. W.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 50 to 300 feet.

Lakes and pools. Is on the whole a scarce plant ;
perhaps often overlooked.

K.—Marsh above Bay of Nigg, G. D. ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Marshes at Stocket near Summerhill, G. D.
at Loch of Skene, Mr. Barron.

6. Buntum. Earrs-Nuvt.

1. B. flexuosum, With. (Common E. N.)

70 XXVIJ. UMBELLIFERAE. [Bunium.

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1600
feet.

Woods and pastures. Frequent; and generally
diffused through the district. Attains the above alti-
tude in Braemar.

7. PimprneLua. BURNET-SAXIFRAGE.

1. P. Saxifraga, Linn. (Common B. 8S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to 1700
feet.
Dry pastures. Rather local.

K.—Coast north from Stonehaven, Dr. A. Fleming;
Banchory-Ternan, Rey. J. Brichan ; on a bank at the
north end of Bay of Nigg, G. D.

A.— Banks of the Dee above and below the old
bridge, and in the Old-town Links at the north end,
G. D. ; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr. Barron ; banks
of Dee at Ballater, Mr. R. Mackay ; top of Craig Koy-
nach at Castleton, Mr. Watson ; in Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; m Cruden, Mr.
A. Murray.

B.—Rare in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

8. CEnANTHE. WaATER-DROPWoRT.

1. G. crocata, Linn. (Hemlock W. D.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 600
feet.
Watery places. Very rare.
K.—Marshy ditch close by Dunnottar, Dr. A.
Fleming ; farm of Ley, near Crathes Castle, Dr. Adams.
A.—Banks of the Ythan near Ellon, G. D. ; Den
of Kildrummy, in Strathdon, Rev. J. Minto.

Ligusticum. | XXVII. UMBELLIFERAE. rit
9. Licusticum. Lovage.

1. L. Scoticum, Linn. (Scottish L.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 55°—61° ; coast line.
Rocky sea coast. General along the rocky parts of
the coasts of Kincardine, Aberdeen, and Banff.

10. Meum. Spienen, &c.

1. M. Athamanticum, Jacq. (Bald-Money, dc. *)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type,
or Intermediate.) Range in Britain, 52°—58° ;
20 to 1500 feet.
Dry pastures. Chiefly in the iterior.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.
A.—North bank of the Dee above the old bridge,
G. D.; at the north end of Morrison’s Suspension
Bridge, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; banks of the Dee at
Drumoak, Dr. J. Smith ; at Aboyne, Stat. Account ;
at Ballater; very abundant about Castleton, G. D. ;
in Strathdon, Mr. Barron. Not recorded as in Alvah
nor Mortlach.

11. Angetica. ANGELICA.

1, A. sylvestris, Linn. (Wild A.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2500
feet.

Moist woods and wet rocks. Frequent. Attains
the above altitude in Glen Callater.

12. HeractEum. Cow-Parsnip.

1. H. Sphondylium, Linn. (Common C. P.)

* Called in this district Highland Micken.

[2 XXVII. UMBELLIFERAE. | Heracleum.

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1300 feet ?

Rocks, waste places, &., &e. Common.
13. Contum. Hermtiock.

1. C. maculatum, Linn. (Common H.)
Biennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 400 feet ?

Waste places. Frequent. Chiefly along the coast
line ; rare in the interior, but grows in Oldmeldram ;
also 1 in Mortlach.

14. Scanpix. (SHEPHERD'S NEEDLE.)

1. 8S. Pecten, Linn. (Common S ; or Venus’ comb.)
Annual.. Flowers, June to August. British type, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast

line to 460 feet.

Fields, &c. Rare in this district.

K.—At Bervie, Stat. Account ; frequently in St.
Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; coast about Stonehaven, where
it grew 100 years ago, “ Inter segetes, ultra Stonehive,”’
Skene MSS.

A.— Fields in Belhelvie, Mr. A. K. Clark and
G. D. ; Upper Drumnahoy, Mr. Barron ; at St. Fergus,
in Buchan, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Near the School-house, parish of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

15. Anvturiscus. BEAKED-PARSLEY.

1. A. sylvestris, Koch. (Wild B. P.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1260
feet.

Banks, waste places, &c. Found in most parts of
the district.

=~!
*
ww

Anthriscus. XXVIT. UMBELLIFERAE.

2. A. vulgaris, Pers. (Common B. P.)
Annual. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 100 to 460 feet.
Waste places; road-sides. Rather rare, and not
known to me in the more inland parts.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, rare, Dr. Adams.
A.—Road-side near Gilcomston Dam, G. D.; on
the old Deeside road, between Ferryhill and the bridge,
Mr. P. Macgillivray ; at Drumnahoy in Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; in the Buchan district, Mr. Murray.

16. CHAEROPHYLLUM. CHERVIL.

1. C. temulentum, L. (Rough C.)

Biennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 100
to 460 feet.

By hedges and roads. Rare.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen by the side of a hedge a few
hundred yards north-west from the toll-bar at Kitty-
brewster, G. D.; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; in parish of Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Rare in Alvah, “doubtfully indigenous,” Rey.
Dr. Todd.

17. Daucus. CaRRoT.

1. D. Carota, linn. (Wild C.) ;
Biennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 500 feet.
Pastures and road-sides. Not common.
K.— Fields, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; parish of
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams.

A.—Oceasionally on the Inch at Aberdeen ; Dee-

74 | .XXVII. UMBELLIFERAE. [Daucus.

side road at Middleton and Cults ; by the Dee above
the old bridge, G. D. Mains of Drum, Dr. J. Smith ;
in Tullynessle and Towie, Rey. J. Minto ; common in
Cromar, Mr. Sutherland ; parish of Aberdour, Rey. G.
Gairdner.

18. Torinis. Herpee-ParsLey.

1. T. Anthriscus, Gaertner. (Upright H. P.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 500 feet.

Hedges and banks. Rather local.

K.—Dens of Fenella and Morphie, Dr. Stephen ;
at Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; about Stonehaven, and
along the coast northwards, at Portlethen, Cove, &c.,
close by the sea, G. D.

A.—North bank of the Dee, below Manse of Drum-
oak, G. D. ; near new Church of Peterculter, Professor
Macgillivray ; north bank of Don, above the bridge at
Inverury, Mr. Sutherland ; near Peterhead, Rev. J.
Minto ; at St. Fergus, in Buchan district, Mr. A.
Murray.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

ORDER XX VIII.—ARALIACEAE.
1. Apoxa. MoscHATELL.

1. A. moschatellina, Linn. (Tuberous M.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 40 to 1200 feet ?*

Shady banks and woods. Rather local.

* In Perthshire, it has been found at a much higher elevation.
I have no record of it at any great height in this district, G. D.

Adoxa. | XXVIII. ARALIACEAE. 75

K.—Dens of Morphie and Fenella, Dr. Stephen ;
parish of Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; bank by the south
Deeside road, nearly opposite Morrison’s Suspension
Bridge, Dr. A. Fleming ; in a wood by the road-side
at Kingcausie, and in the Corbie Den, G. D.

A.—In Den ef Robslaw, G. D. ; by the side of a
stream, among alders, &c. at the north end of Mor-
rison’s Bridge over the Dee, Mr. P. Macgillivray ;
Fetternear grounds, and Paradise at Monymusk, Mr.
Burnett ; in a small corry at Tyrebagger hill, Mr. A.
Cruickshank ; in Strathdon, Stat. Account ; at Asloon,
Alford, Mr. Sutherland ; near the old bridge at Avochie,
Deveron-side, Rey. J. Abel.

B.—Den at Linhead ; near Bridge of Alvah, east
side, and occasionally by the river-side, from the bridge
to the Cruive dyke, Rev. Dr. Todd. At the base of the
Binhill, Cullen, Mr. Carmichael ; in Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.

2. impErAas — Ivy:

1. H. Helix, Linn. (Common I.)
Perennial. Flowers in October and November. Britislz
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
500 feet ?
-Walls, rocks, &e. &c. General in all lower, and
several of the inland parts of the district ; but not

a common plant. It is recorded in the interior at
Rhynie and Mortlach.

OrpER XXIX.—CORNACEAE.
1. Cornus. CoRNEL.

1. C. Suecica, Linn. (Dwarf C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—59° ; 1000 to 2700
feet.

76 XXIX. CORNACEAE. ‘[Cornus.

Moist banks and hollows in the higher districts.

A.—Mount Keen, between the footpath on the
shoulder and the summit, G. D. ; on Morven, where
it was also found by Dr. D. Skene 100 years ago ; on
Lochnagar, and Little Craigendall, G. D. It also oc-
curs on other parts of the Braemar range, Ben Avon,
Ben-a-Buird, Cairntoul, Braeriach, &e. &e. In Strath-
don it has been found in Glen Carvy, Rev. J. Minto ;
Glen Bucket, Dr. A. Murray ; Tornahaish, Mr. Barron.

B.—In Moitlach, on Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart.

ORDER XXX.—CAPRIFOLIACEAE.
1. Sampucus. ELpEr.

1. 8. Hbulus, Linn. (Dwarf E. or Dane-wort.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. English
type. Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 50 to 800
feet.

Waste places. Very local and rare, and chiefly
inland.

K.—By the Burn of Benholme, above the Turnpike
road bridge, Dr. Stephen ; parish of Arbuthnot, rare,
Mr. Chrystall.

A.—At Charleston of Aboyne, Stat. Account ; at
Doun of Invernochty, Strathdon, Mr. Mackay and
G. D. ; near Manse of Rhynie and ruins of old Castle
of Leslie, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—At Scatterty in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. VIBURNUM. GUELDER-RosE.

1. V. Opulus, Linn. (Common G.)

Viburnum. | XXX. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. 77

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 140
to 400 feet ?

Woods, &e. Very rare in this district.
K.—Banks of the Dee at Banchory-Ternan, Dr.

Adams.

A.—At Drum, Dr. J. Smith ; Rushpot, Culter, Dr.

Duncan.

B.—Den at Linhead, Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

3. LONICERA. HONEYSUCKLE.

1. L. Periclymenum, Linn. (Common H. or
Woodbine. )
Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
1500 feet.

Rocks and woods. Frequent, but not a common
plant. Frequent in the lower districts ; found also in
the interior, at a considerable elevation on the Hill of
Fare, on the cliffs at Pannanich near Ballater, and on
Craig Koynach at Castleton, &c.

4. LInNAEA, LINNAEA.

1. L. borealis, Gronov. (Two-flowered L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 55°—58°; 100 to 2400 feet.

Woods and heaths. Very general in this district.

K.—Woods of Inglesmaldie, parish of Fettercairn,
where it was first discovered as a native of Scotland, in
1795, by Professor J. Beattie, Jun. of Aberdeen. Dr.
Simpson of Marykirk says it is now extinct there,
owing to change of conditions of growth, consequent
on the thinning of the woods. On the south border of
Marykirk parish, in one of the Balmakewan fir plan-
tations, 500 or 600 yards due south from the Free
Church at the cross roads, Dr. Simpson. Woods in

78 XXX. CAPRIFOLIACEAE, [Linnaea.

parish of Fordoun, Stat. Account; at Arbuthnot, Mr.
Carmichael ; woods at Banchory House, A. Thomson,
Esq. ; at Kingcausie, Mrs. Boswell; at Durris, Mr. P.
Macgillivray ; Tilchilly, near Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams.

A.—In a narrow plantation on the east side of the
avenue to Scotston House ; in a wood by the road near
Countesswells, two miles west from Craigiebuckler, near
Aberdeen, G. D. Woods at Park and Drum, Mr. P.
Macgillivray. In a fir wood, west from the House of
Craibston, where it was found about the end of the last
century by the late Rev. Dr. Smith, Chapel of Garioch.
Fir wood by the Great North Railway, and a little west
of the House of Pitmedden, 8 miles from Aberdeen,
Professor Macgillivray. On the north face of the Hill
of Fare, above Midmar Castle; and in woods of Keb-
baty, Mr. Barron. Among long heather, on the face of
the hill, south of Pannanich Wells, about the level of
the top of Pannanich cliffs, Mr. A. Cruickshank. A
short way up the east side of Morven, and in woods in
Cromar, Mr. Sutherland ; on the banks of Loch
Muick, Dr. A. Murray; on the Carr Rocks at Castle-
ton, Mr. Croall; among birches, half up the hill of
Ben Beck at Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ; in parish of
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; in Tullynessle, near
the top of the hill opposite to Terpersie, Rev. J. Minto.
Two large patches on the Hill of Moneybattock, mm
Tullynessle ; and one beside the avenue to the House
of Haughton, in Alford, Dr. A. Fleming. Craigston
woods near Turriff, Mr. A. Murray ; Craigston woods,
parish of King Edward, Rev. Dr. Todd.

B.—Two stations in Hill of Alvah ; several in Hill
of Mountcoffer, and woods of Forglen, Rev. Dr. Todd.
In woods at Gordon Castle, Fochabers, where it was
discovered by the late Mr. Hoy; near an avenue on
the Hill of Whiterash, at Fochabers, Mr. Carmichael.
In a wood behind Pittyvaich, (in Mortlach) ; and near
Beechmount, Dr. L. Stewart.

Galium. | XXXI, RUBIACEAE. 79

OrDER XXXI.—RUBIACEAE.

1. Gatium. Brp-Stravw.

1. G. verum, Linn. (Yellow B. S.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 1800
feet.

Sea-shores and dry places. Frequent, and generally
diffused in the district.
2. G. eruciatum, Linn. (Cross-wort B. 8S.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to July. Lritish type, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast
line to 350 feet.

Banks and hedges. Very rare in this district.

A.—In Buchan, “Northern Flora ;” in a hedge at
the Manse of Keith, Rev. Mr. Cowie.

3. G. saxatile, Linn. (Smooth Heath B.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 3300
feet.
Waste places, heaths, rocks, wall-tops. Common. *

4. G. uliginosum, Linn. (Rough Marsh B.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast
line to 400 feet.
Moist meadows and sides of ditches. Rather local.
K.—Marsh above south end of Bay of Nigg, G. D.;
Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—At Stocket and Scotston moors, &c., G. D. ;

* G. pusillum, Linn. probably occurs in this district, since it
has been found in Forfarshire. I, however, possess no record of
its presence. It is perhaps often overlooked or confounded with
G. sazxatile, G. D

80 XXXI. RUBIACEAE, [| Galium.

in parish of Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; in Clatt,
Rey. J. Minto ; about Huntly, Drumblade, and Forgue,
Rev. J. Abel ; Aberdour, Rey. G. Gairdner.
B.—Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.
0. G. palustre, Linn. (White Water B.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britam, 50°—61°; coast line to 1500
feet. |
About marshes, lakes, &c. Generally diffused.
K.—Arbuthnot parish, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; marshes at Nige, G. D.
A.—Banks of Dee above the old bridge, Stocket
moor, &., &., G. D. ; Loch Muick, G. D. ; common
in Cluny, Mr. Barron; Alford, Rev. J. Farquharson ;
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Forgue,
&e., Rey. J. Abel; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner.
B.—Alvah, abundant, Rev. Dr. Todd; Mortlach,
Dr. L_ Stewart.
Var. B, Witheringw is also rather general in the
district.
6. G. Mollugo, Linn. (Great Hedge B.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. English? type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 1200 feet.
Hedges, pastures, &c. Rare.
K.—Road-side at Rickarton, near Stonehaven, Dr.
A. Fleming ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.
A.—Near the manse at Castleton, Braemar, Mr.
Sutherland ; at the Printfield, near Aberdeen, Dr. A.
Fleming.
B.—Near Dunlugas, the only locality in Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd.

Galium. | XXXI. RUBIACEAE. 81

7. G. boreale, Linn. (Cross-leaved B.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; coast line to 2500
feet.

Moist banks and rocks. Rather generally diffused,
but not common.

K.—Dens of Morphy and Fenella, Stat. Account ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan, where it grew 100
years ago, “In ripis siccis et arenosis fluviorum, Dee,
&c., Banchory-Ternan,’” Skene MSS.

A.—Banks of the Dee at the old bridge and up-
wards ; not uncommon along the whole course of that
river ; Ballater, Castleton, Glen Callater, &ec., G. D. ;
Glen Gairden, Rev. J. Abel; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ;
Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland ; Buchan district, Mr. A.
Murray.

§.—Deveron-side at Bridge of Alvah, rare, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; rare in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart ; Avon-
side, Rey. J. Abel.

8. G. Aparine, Linn. (Goose-grass or Cleavers.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 500
feet.

Waste places, hedges, &. Common in the lower
parts of the district ; becoming less so in the interior.

2. SHERARDIA. FreLD-MADDER.

1. S. arvensis, Linn. (Blue F. M.)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 1200 feet.

Gravelly places and dry pastures. Frequent. At-
tains the above elevation in the Don district, at Cor-
garff.

G

82 XXXI. RUBIACEAE. [Asperula.
3. ASPERULA. WooDRUFF.

1. A. odorata, Linn. (Sweet W.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 100 to 1300 feet.

Woods and shady places. Rather local.

K.—Dens of Morphy and Fenella, Stat. Account ;
rocks and ravines in different parts of Kincardine, Mr.
Chrystall ; Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.; den be-
tween Maryculter and Durris, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

A.—Vale of Alford, on the banks of the Burn of
Linturk ; Loch Muick, Dr. A. Murray. Corrymulzie,
Braemar, G. D.; abundant among juniper, between
Inchrory and Loch Builg, Mr. Proctor ; Carr Rocks at
Castleton, Mr. Sutherland ; Ardo, near Oldmeldrum,
Dr. A. Murray ; near Haddo House, Earl of Aberdeen
(N. Flora); Stretinnon wood, parish of Glass, Rev.
Mr. Cowie ; Den of Auchmedden, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Millowood, Rev. Mr. Cowie ; near Turriff, Dr.
Shier ; rocky banks below Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

ORDER XXXII.—VALERIANACEAE.
1. VALERIANA. VALERIAN.

1. V. officinalis, Linn. (Great wild V.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet.
Woods and moist banks. Frequent; and generally
diffused.
Var. B, sambucifolia, | have seen about Ballater
and elsewhere ; it is often overlooked.

Fedia. | XXXII, VALERIANACEAE. 83

2. Fepra. CorRn-SALap.

1. F. olitoria, Vahl. (Common C. 8., or Lamb's
Lettuce. )
Annual. Flowers, April to June. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 400 feet.

Sandy places and dry banks. Very local.

K.—South parts of Kincardineshire, Mr. G. Don.
Den Fenella ; cliffs at North Warburton, St. Cyrus ;
Brotherton, in Benholm, Dr. Stephen. “ An undoubted
native of several spots on the coast, between Stone-
haven and Muchalls,” Dr. Murray (in Northern Flora).

A.—WNorth bank of the Dee, one mile above the
old bridge, G. D.; sandhills in Old-town Links, op-
posite the brick-work, Dr. Fleming ; fields at the Print-
field, Mr. A. Smith ; Balfluig in Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; Crimond, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, “doubtfully indigenous,” Rey. Dr.
Todd ; near Castle Oliphant, at Keith, Rev. Mr. Cowie.

ORDER XX XIIJ.—DIPSACEAE.
1. ScABIOSA. SCABIOUS.

1. 8S. swccisa, Linn. (Devil’s-bit 8.)
Perennial. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2400
feet.

Meadows, pastures, and heaths. Common.
2. Knautia. KwNavtta.

1. K. arvensis, Coult. (Field K.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 100 to 450 feet.

84 XXXILI. DIPSACEAE. [Knautia.

Pastures and fields. Very local ; decreasing north-
wards and inland.

K.—Near North Esk bridge, and St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen. About Marykirk, G. D. Not uncommon in
Kincardineshire, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—At Craiglug, near Aberdeen, Mr. A. Smith ;
fields near Scotston, G. D.; in Alford, but rare, Rev.
J. Minto ; Buchan district, “ N. Flora ;” road-side, near
Baleairn, Meldrum, Rev. J. Abel.

ORDER XXXIV.—COMPOSITAE.
1. Tracopocon. Goat’s-BEARD.

1. T. pratensis, Linn. (Yellow G. B.)

Biennial. Flowers in June and July. British type (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast
line to 400 feet.

Meadows and pastures. Very rare.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Sandhills in the links at Aberdeen, north-east
from the Broadhill ; formerly on the south bank of the

Canal, at east end of the bridge at Nelson Street, G. D.

Quarry in wood of Lochshangie, Kemnay, Mr. Burnett ;
parish of Insch, rare, Mr. M‘Donald.

2. APARGIA. HAWKBIT.

1. A. autumnalis, Willd. (Autumnal H.)
Perennial. Flowers in August. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 2900 feet
(Macdui).
Meadows and pastures. In one or other of its
forms, this species is not unfrequent in different parts
of the district.

Hypochaeris. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 85

3. HypocHAERIs. Cat’s-EAR.

1. H. glabra, Linn. (Smooth C.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. Germanic type,
(or British). Range in Britam, 50°—d8° ; local
at 200 feet ?

Fields and gravelly places. Very rare.

K.—In a corn-field, half-a-mile south from Bridge
of Feugh, Dr. Stephen.

2. H. radicata, Linn. (Long-rooted C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1300
feet ¢

Pastures and waste places. Frequent, and general.

4, Muucepium. BuivuE Sow-THIstLez.

1. M. alpinum, Less. (Alpine B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britaim, 56°—57° ; 2100 to
2700 feet (Watson).

Moist alpine rocks. Very rare.

Cliffs, east side of Lochnagar, by the side of a ravine
leading to the top; first found here by Mr. Don
many years ago; gathered there by Mr. R. Mackay,
15 years ago. In August last (1859), Professor Bal-
four informed me that it is still there.

5. Soncuus. Sow-THIstue.

1. S. arvensis, Linn. (Corn S.)
Perennial. Flowers in August and September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
900 feet.

Fields, &c. Frequent, chiefly in the lower parts of
the district.

86 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Sonchus.

2. S. oleraceus, Linn. (Common S.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1000 feet.
Waste places. Common.
(S. asper, Hoffm. is not mentioned as distinct in
any notes in my possession ; it is probably often con-

founded with the last. It is doubtful if it be really a
-good species.)

6. Crepis. Hawk’s BEARD.

1. C. virens, Linn. (Smooth H.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 500 feet.
Dry pastures, walls, &. A rare plant in this
district.

K.—Brigton, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; village of
Banchory, Dr. Adams.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in a hollow half-a-mile north-
west from Morison’s Suspension Bridge, Rev. J. Far-
quharson ; road-side between Scotston moor and the
Ellon turnpike, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Drumnahoy in
Cluny, Mr. Barron ; on Donside, at Mill of Kemnay,
Mr. Burnett ; at Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; in
Cruden, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. C. succisefolia, Tausch. (Succory-leaved H. )
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Intermediate,
(or Highland). Range in Britain, 04°—57° ; local
at 150 feet ?
In woods. Very rare.
K.—Banks of Dee at Banchory-Ternan, Professor
Macgillivray.
3. C. paludosa, Moench. (Marsh H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish

Crepis. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 87

type (or Highland). Range in Britain, 51°"—58";
100 to 1700 feet.
Moist woods and rocks. Rather local.

K.—At Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Corbie Den,
Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—Wood at the old bridge of Don ; Robslaw
Den, G. D ; wood at Midmar Castle, north side of the
Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron ; on Craig Koynach at Castle-
ton, Mr. Gardiner ; Corrymulzie, G. D.; at the Cach-
intesin fall, Corgarff, Mr. Barron; Den of Auchmedden,
Rev. G. Gairdner; Corryhaugh, south side of Deveron,
Rev. J. Abel. |

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

7. LEontTopoN. DANDELION.

1. L. Taraxacum, Linn. (Common D.)

Perennial. Flowers, March to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 4000 feet.
(Var. Bp, palustre. )

Pastures, waste places, &c. Very common.

Var. B, palustre is abundant in the higher parts of
the district ; it occurs also in Alvah, “in a damp grassy
avenue 1n the woods behind Rackmill Cottage, near the
gate of the deer park,” Rev. Dr. Todd.

8. HierRactum. HAwK-WEED.~*

1. H. Pilosella, Linn (Common Mouse-car H.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; sea level to 2100
feet.

* The differences of opinion respecting the species of this genus,
render an accurate record, in a local Flora, very difficult. It is
much to be feared that there has been an unwarrantable multiplica-
tion of species. The distribution in Britain is imperfectly known. -

88 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Hieracium.

Dry banks and pastures. Frequent. *

2. H. Iricum, Fries. (Irish H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—55° ; 1200 to ?
Upland rocks. Rare.

A.—Castleton, Braemar, Mr. Backhouse ; rocks at
Linn of Dee, and ruins of Mar Castle, Mr. Croall.

3. H. cerinthoides, Linn. (Honey-wort H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—59° ; 200 to 2300
feet.
Shady banks and rocks. Rather local.
K.—Den of Canterland, Mr. Croall.

A.—North bank of the Dee a mile above Ballater,
G. D. ; Craig Koynach at Castleton, Mr. Croall ; Cal-
later Rocks, Mr. R. Mackay.

4. H. alpinum, Linn. (Alpine H.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 53°—59°; 1880 to
3000 feet.

Rocks, &ec. in the interior, where it is abundant.

A.—Rocks in Glen Callater, G. D.; rocks of the
Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; Lochnagar and Ben-
a-Buird, Mr. R. Mackay.

5. H. melanocephalum, Backhouse. (Bl.-headed H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 53°—59°; 1600 to
3300 feet.
Alpine pastures and rocks. Confined to the higher
district.

* H. villosum, Linn, reported as found in Glen Callater and
Lochnagar, is supposed to be an error, see Hooker and Arnott’s
British Flora, p. 218, 7th Edition.

Hieracium. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 89

A.—In Glen Derry, G. D. Abundant in the glens
at the base of Ben Macdui, Mr. Croall ; rocks in Glen
Callater, G. D. ; Little Craigendall, and slopes near
the summit of Lochnagar, Mr. Croall.

6. H. nigrescens, Willd. (Black-haired H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland

type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°. Range?

Alpine pastures and rocks. Confined to the higher
districts.

A.—Cairntoul, Mr. Backhouse.

B.—About the base of Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay.

7. H. Chrysanthum, Backh. (Golden-flowered H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 55°—57°; 2000 to
3500 feet ?
A.—Lochnagar and Glen Callater, Mr. Croall ;
Cairntoul, Mr. Backhouse.

8. H. argenteum, Fries. (Silvery H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 53°—d8°? 2400 to
3200 feet 4
A.—Little Craigendall, Mr. Croall ; Craig Dhuloch,
Mr. Backhouse.

9. H. murorum, Linn. (Wall H.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2400
feet ?

Walls, rocks, &c. &. Frequent in different parts
of the district.

10. H. sylvaticum, Smith. (Wood H.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to
1800 feet ? .

90 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. Mieracium:

Woods, banks, &e. Frequent, but not common.

KK.—Coast at Muchalls, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan.

A. Wood at the old Bridge of Don, and in the
Old-town Links, G. D.; Craig Koynach at Castleton,
Mr. Gardiner ; about Ballater, G. D.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

11. H. Prenanthoides, Vill. (Rough-bordered H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—58° ; 100 to 1200
feet ?
Sides of streams, &c. Rather local.

K.—Woods of the Burn, parish of Fettercairn, Mr.
Croall.

A.—North bank of the Dee at Slievanachie, near
Ballater ; and Corrymulzie, Braemar, G. D.
12. H. strictum, Fries. (Straight-branched H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type? Range in Britain? Range in altitude ?
Mountain glens. Rare?
K.—In Kincardineshire, “ Hooker’s British Flora.”

13. H. Inuloides, Tausch. (Inula-like H.)
Perennial. Flowersin August. Scottish? type. ange
in Britain, 54°—58° ; 700 to 1200 feet ?
Shady places. Rare.
A.—At Ballater and Castleton, Mr. R. Mackay.
14. H. Crocatum, Fries. (Saffron-coloured H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish 4
type. Range in Britaim, 54°—58°? Altitude?
Shady rocks. Rare.
K.—Den of Canterland, Mr. Croall.

15. H. boreale, Fries. (Shrubby broad-leaved H.)

FTieracium. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 91

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to
1200 feet.
Moist rocks and banks. Not common, yet widely
diffused in the district.

K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Banks of the Dee above the old bridge; and
also near the Manse of Drumoak ; and occasionally
along the whole course of the Dee from Castleton to
Aberdeen, G. D. In parish of Alford, Rev. Dr. Far-

quharson.

B.—At Deveron-side, in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

The following species of Mr. Backhouse, reported as
found in the upper part of this district, are unknown
to me ; and some of them are considered by authorities
as undecided species, and have not as yet been inserted
in all works on the British Flora. In reference to those
mentioned on the authority of Mr. Croall, he informs

me that they were authenticated by Mr. Baker of

Work:

H. eximium. Rocks Little Craigendall, and at Wells
of Dee, Mr. Croall.

H. holosericeum. Lochnagar and Glen Callater, Mr.
Croall.

H. insigne. Loch Kander (head of Glen Callater),
Mr. Backhouse.

H. affine. Loch Avon, Mr. Backhouse.
H. alpestre. Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Backhouse.

H. globosum. Cairntoul, Mr. pee? Little
Craigendall, Mr. Croall.

H. saxifragum (Fries). Cairntoul, Mr. Backhouse.

9, LapsaNna. NIPPLE-WORT.

1. L. communis, Linn. (Common N.)

92 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Lapsana.

Annual. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Brita, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Waste ground, &. Common, but less so in the
interior.

2. L. pusilla, Willd. (Common N.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. Germanic type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 60 to 460 feet.
Gravelly fields. Very rare. |
K.—On the south bank of the Dee by the side of

the road to the Drumoak ferry, Mr. R. Mackay.

A.—Fields on the farm of Upper Drumnahoy in
Cluny, and Craigiedarg, in this locality, I have seen it
abundant ; it was discovered by Mr. Barron.

10. Arctium. BurRDocK.

1. A. Lappa, Linn. (Common B.)

Biennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 800
feet.

Waste places, &e. Frequent, but not common, along
the coast line. Rare inland.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; in Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ;
at the Cove, &., G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—About Footdee and Old Aberdeen, &c., G. D. ;
at Peterculter and Drumoak, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; at
Aboyne, Stat. Account ; road-side at Bridge of Muick,
near Ballater, G. D.; near Huntly Castle, Rev. J.
Abel ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Minto; Aberdour, Rev. G.
Gairdner.

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; at Mort-
Jach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Saussurea. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 93

11. SaussurREA. SAUSSUREA.

1. S. alpina, De Cand. (Alpine S.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Brita, 53°—61° ; 2400 to 3800
feet.

Moist alpine rocks. Very local. On the higher
ranges only.
A.—Near the summit of Lochnagar, on Little Craig-

endall, Corry of Loch Kander, and Callater rocks, G.

D. ; on Ben Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay.

12. Carpuus. THISTLE.

1. C. acanthoides, Linn. (Welted Thistle. )

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast
line to 1150 feet.

Waste places. Rather local, and rare inland.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; at
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystali.

A.—On the Inch at Aberdeen ; near the Powder
Magazine ; at Robslaw quarry ; by the side of the road,
near avenue to Scotston House, G D. Kildrummy
Castle, Dr. A. Fleming; at Aboyne, Stat. Account ;
at Castleton, Braemar, Mr. Watson ; at Clatt, but very
rare, Rev. J. Minto.

2. C. tenuiflorus, Curtis. (Slender-flowered T.)
Biennial. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast
only.
_ Dry sandy wastes. Very rare. North limit in
County of Kincardine.
K.—Coast at Bervie, Mr. Chrystall.

94 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Cnicus.

13. Cyicus. Piume THISTLE.

1. C. lanceolatus, Willd. (Spear P.)

Biennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1200
feet.

Pastures and waste places. Frequent in most parts
of the district.
2. C. palustris, Willd. (Marsh P.)

Biennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1850
feet.

Moist places. Frequent ; generally diffused.
3. C. arvensis, Hoffm. (Creeping P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range

in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200 feet.
Waste places, &c. &e. Common.

4, C. heterophyllus, Willd. (Melancholy P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type (or Highland). Range in Britain, 51°—59° ;
100 to 1200 feet.

Woods, moist rocks, and pastures. Chiefly inland.

K.—Parish of Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Corbie
Den, Kingcausie, and bank of the Dee near the same,
G. D. ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—North bank of the Dee, above the old bridge,
and near the Manse of Drumoak, G. D.; at Aboyne, |
Stat. Account ; abundant on the banks of Dee and
Muick at Ballater, also at Abergeldie, Balmoral, and
Castleton, G. D. Banks of the Bogie, below the vil-
lage of Rhynie, and in Den of Craig, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

14. Carguina.. CARLINE THISTLE.

1. C. vulgaris, Linn. (Common C.)

Carlina. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 95

Biennial. Flowers in July and August. English type
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line only.

Dry pastures and banks. Very rare.
K.—Cliffs of St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; occasionally

on the coast between Stonehaven and Portlethen, G. D.

15. CENTAUREA. -BLUE-BOTTLE ; KNAP-WEED.

1. C. nigra, Linn. (Black-discoid K.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line
to 1200 feet.
Meadows, grassy banks, &c. Frequent.
2. C. Cyanus, Linn. (Corn B. B.)
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britaim, 50°—61°; coast line to 1386
feet.

Fields and waste places. Frequent, but not a com-
mon plant.

K. South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall; Banchory-Ternan, Rey. J.
Brichan.

A.— Frequent about Aberdeen ; also at. Skene,
Cluny, Meldrum, Forgue, Alford, Clatt, Corgarff, Bal-
later, Castleton.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach.

16. Bipens. Bur-Marico.p.

1. B. cernua, Linn. (Nodding B. M.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 300 feet ?

In marshy places. Very rare.

K\.—Bogs in parish of Arbuthnot, nearly extirpated,

96 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [ Bidens.

Mr. Chrystall. Formerly in Loch of Leys, Banchory-
Ternan, Dr. Adams.

B.—Bog at North Sandlaw in Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd.

17. Artemista. Mucwort.

1. A. vulgaris, Linn. (Common M.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
1380 feet.
Waste places and fields. Frequent in most parts
of the district.
2. A. maritima, Linn. (Sea M.)
Perennial. Flowers in August. English type. Range
in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast only.
Sea-shores. Very rare.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Rev. Dr. Keith ; Garron

Point, a few miles north from Stonehaven, Mr. Suther-
land.

18. Evpatorium. Hrmp-AGRIMONY.

1. E. cannabinum, Linn. (Common H. A.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—959° ; coast
line only.

Moist banks and rocks. Rare.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus and Bervie, Stat. Account ;
“in rupes maritimas, Thornyhive, ultra Dunnottar
Castle,’ Dr. D. Skene ; rocks on the coast, a little
south of Portlethen, G. D.

19. ANTENNARIA. EVERLASTING.

1. A. dioica, Gaertner. (Mountain E.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast
line to 2000 feet.

Antennaria. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 97

Natural Pastures and heaths. Frequent; widely
diffused in this district.

K.—South parts of Kincardine ; Arbuthnot ; at
Girdleness Lighthouse ; hills at Nigg ; Banchory-Ter-
nan.

A.—Stocket moor ; Scotston moor; Brimman hill ;
Hill of Fare ; Corgarff; Ballater; Abergeldie, &. &e.
Coast line at Cruden and Aberdour.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach.

Var. B, hyperborea, Glen Callater, &c.
20. GNAPHALIUM. CUDWEED.

1. G. sylvaticum, Linn. . (Highland C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1300
feet.

Pastures, &c. Frequent in the district.

K.—South parts of Kincardine ; Arbuthnot ; Ban-
chory-Ternan. .

A.—Near Aberdeen at Stocket ; Scotston ; Drum-
oak, &e., &e. In Clatt and Corgarff; about Ballater,
Abergeldie, Balmoral, Crathie, Castleton.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach.

Var. B, Norvegicum, Lochnagar, Mr. R. Mackay ;
base of North Gully cliffs, Braemar, Mr. Sutherland ;
on Morven, G. D.

2. G. uliginosum, Linn. (Marsh C.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 500
feet.

Sides of ditches. Frequent, but not common.
K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall; Banchory-Ternan,

Rev. J. Brichan ; road-side ditches about Nigg, &c.,

G. D.

A.—Ditches by Belhelvie turnpike ; road-side at

H

95 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Gnaphalium.

Stocket, &e., GD. Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; Aber-
dour, Rev. G. Gairdner. (Not in list of Corgarff
plants).

B.—Not common in Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd ; Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. G. supinum, Linn. (Dwarf C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°-—60°; 1382 to 4250
feet.

In gravelly and moist places at high altitudes in
the interior, where it is abundant.

K.—South-east shoulder of Mount Battock, at an
elevation of 1582 feet, and thence upwards, August,
1859 ; this is a locality nearer to the coast—a distance
of 15 miles—than any known to me in the district,
G.D:

_ A.—In the Corry Rath by the Tanner river, at the
north base of Mount Keen, at an elevation of 1350 feet,
the lowest station known to me in the district, August,
1859, G. D. Frequent by the sides of the road through
Glen Gairden to Corgarff on Donside ; a common plant
on all the higher mountains in the upper parts of Aber-
deenshire. On Morven, Mount Keen, Lochnagar, Little
Craigendall, Ben-a-Buird, Ben Avon, Ben Macdui, &c.,
GAs

B.— Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart ; Cairngorm, Mr. R.
Mackay.

21. Finacgo. Finago.

1. F. minima, Pers. (Least F.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 900 feet.
Tops of walls and dry sandy places. Not common.
K.—Chiffs of St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; Durris, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rey. J. Brichan.

Filago.] XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 99.

A.—Near Aberdeen on wall-tops at Stocket ; Robs-
law quarry ; Scotston, &c., G. D. Drumnahoy in Cluny,
Mr. Barron ; Burn of the Vat near Ballater, G. D. ;
road-side at Balmoral, Mr. Croall, (this station cannot
be under 900 feet) ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Forgue, Rev.
J. Abel ; Sands of Forvie, Mr. Cow.

B.—Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. F. Germanica, Linn. (Common F.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 500
feet.

Tops of walls and gravelly wastes. Rather uncom-
mon.

K.—WNear an old churchyard, St. Cyrus, Dr. Ste-
phen.

A.—WNear Aberdeen ; tops of walls by the road, south
side of Raeden ; at the Stocket, and about Manse of
Belhelvie, G. D. Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; fields
in Cromar, Mr. Sutherland.

B.—Rare in parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

22. Perasites. Butrer-Bour.

1. P. vulgaris, Desf. (Common B.)

Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 1250 feet.

Moist shady places. Frequent, but less so in the
interior.

It occurs near Ballater at the elevation above men-
tioned ; it is also in the Mortlach list.

23. Tusstuaco. CoLt’s-FooT.

1. T. Farfara, Linn. (Colt’s-foot. )
Perennial. Flowers in Merch and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1500
feet.

100 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Tussilago.

Moist pastures and banks. Very general in the
district.

24. ERIGERON. FLEA-BANE.

1. E. alpinus, Linn. (Alpine F.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—57° ; 2500 to
2700 feet ?

Alpine rocks. Very rare and local.

A.—Cairntoul, and Corry of Loch Kander, Professor
Macgillivray ; on Glas Mheal, at head of Glen Cal-
later, Mr. R. Mackay ; on the Ben-a-Buird range, Mr.
Watson.

25. ASTER. STARWORT.

1. A. Tripolium, Linn. (Sea S.)
Perennial. Flowersin August and September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast only.
Marshes by the sea. Very rare.
K.— Coast at St. Cyrus and Benholme, Stat.
Account.
A.—Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen, G. D.

26. Sonipago. GOLDEN-ROD.

1.8. Virgaurea, L. (Common G.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet.

Natural pastures, rocks, &c. Rather uncommon,
especially in the lower districts.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; on
the more northern parts of the same coast, as at the
Cove, &ec., G. D.

A.—Banks of the Dee above the old bridge, and
along the whole course of the river inland ; frequent

Solidago. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 101

about Pannanich, Ballater, Glen Muick, &. &, G.
D. ; in Clatt, Tullynessle, Auchindoir, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Rocks at Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Var. p, about Ballater and in Glen Callater, Mr.
Rt. Mackay.

27. SENECIO. GROUNDSEL, Racwort.

1, S. vulgaris, Linn. (Common G.)

Annual. Flowers, February to December. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1200
feet.

Waste ground, &. Common.

2. 8. sylvaticus, Linn. (Wood G.)

Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type-
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast line to 1180
feet.

Gravelly banks and wastes, &c. Frequent, but not
very common.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—At Robslaw quarry, Stocket, Old-town Links,
&¢., G D.; Gallowhill, Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Alford,
Rey. Dr. Farquharson ; about Castleton, Braemar, Mr.
Croall ; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Common in Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd.

3. 8. Jacobaea, Linn. (Common R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; sea level to 2000
feet.

Pastures and wastes. Common.

4. 8. aquaticus, Hudson. (Marsh R.)

102 XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. [Senecio.

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1180
feet.

Wet pastures, &. &c. Frequent in most parts of
the district.
28. Bewuis. Daisy.
1. B. perennis, Linn. (Common Daisy.)

Perennial. Flowers, February to November. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 2500
feet.

Pastures, &c. &c. Very common. At the above
altitude on Morven.

29. CHRYSANTHEMUM. OX-EYE.

1. C. Leucanthemum, Linn. (Great white O.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1500
feet.

Pastures, &c. Frequent ; less so inland.

2. C. segetum, Linn. (Corn Marigold, yellow O.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 900
feet.

Fields and waste places. Frequent in most parts of
the district ; but not in the Corgarff list, and stated as
rare in Forgue.

30. Marricaria. Witp CHAMOMILE, FEVERFEW.

1. M. inodora, Linn. (Scentless F.)

Annual. Flowers, June to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet.

Fields and wastes. Common.
Var. B, maritima. Abundant along the coast.

Achillaea. | XXXIV. COMPOSITAE. 103

31. AcHILLAEA. Yarrow, MILFoIt.

1. A. Ptarmica, Linn. (Sneeze-wort Y.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1500 feet ?

Moist meadows, &c. General in the district.

2. A. Millefolium, Linn. (Common Y.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1700 feet !
Pastures and waste places. Common.

ORDER XXX V.—CAMPANULACEAE.
1. CAMPANULA. BELL-FLOWER.

1. C. rotundifolia, Linn. (Haztrbell.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3000 feet.
Natural pastures, wastes, &. &c. Common.
In the interior it often has only a single flower on
a stem, thus resembling the Arctic C. uniflora.

2. C. latifolia, Linn. (Giant B. F.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type,
(or Intermediate). Range in Britain, 51°—58° ;
50 to 1100 feet.

Shady rocks and woods. Very local.

A.—Robslaw Den; banks of the Don at Mony-
musk ; rocks at Bridge of Gairden, near Ballater, G.
D. ; Corrymulzie, Professor Macgillivray; Alford, Rev.
Dr. Farquharson ; Tullynessle, on the banks of the
Don at Pond-dash, Rey. J. Minto ; Laithers, near Tur-
riff, Dr. Shier ; banks of Deveron near Huntly, Mr.
Sutherland.

B.—Millowood, near Keith, Rev. Mr. Cowie ; shady

104 XXXV. CAMPANULACEAE. [Campanula.

wood below Rockmill, Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; on the
Binhill at Cullen, Mr. Carmichael.

3. C. glomerata, Linn. . (Clustered B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Germanic
type, (or English). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ;
coast line only.

Dry pastures, &c. Very rare.
K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuthnot,
rare, Mr. Chrystall. Coast at Dunnottar ; very rare

north from Stonehaven, as at Garron Point, G. D.

2. JASIONE. . SHEEP’S-BIT.

1. J. montana, Linn. (Annual S.)
Biennial. Flowers, June to August. British ? type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—61°.
Dry gravelly places. Very rare.

KK.—Dry banks at Drumtochty, Mr. Croall. I have
no note of its presence in Aberdeen or Banffshires ; 1%
occurs in Moray, but is very local.

ORDER XXX VI.—LOBELIACEAE.
LoBewia. LOBELIA.

1. L. Dortmanna, Linn. (Water L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type,
(or Highland). Range in Britain, 51°—59° ; 150
to 1600 feet.

Lakes. Very local.
K.—Loch of Park, Dr. Adams.

A.—Loch of Skene, at the east end, G. D.; Loch
Daven, north-west from Aboyne, Professor Maegilli-
vray ; “In lacu Kinnord,” Dr. D. Skene ; this locality

Lobelia. | XXXVI. LOBELIACEAE. 105

is Loch Cannor, on the road-side between Aboyne and
Ballater ; the plant still grows there. In Loch Muick,
Professor Macgillivray ; in Loch Callater, G. D. ; ina
small lake east of Loch Builg, Mr. Barron.

OrpER XXXVII.—VACCINIACEAE.

Vaccinium. WHORTLEBERRY.
1. V. Myrtillus, Linn. (Blaeberry, in this district. )
Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type, (or
Highland). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast
line to 4200 feet.

Woods and heaths. Abundant and general.

2. V. uliginosum, Linn. (Bog W.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.

Range in Britain, 54°—61°; 1800? to 3500 feet.

Alpine bogs. Confined to the most inland and
highest mountains.

A.—Corgarff, abundant, Mr. Barron ; Rocks of the
Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; ascent to Lochnagar
from Altguisach ; Glen Callater, G. D.; ascent from

west to Little Craigendall, in both flower and fruit,
(1857), Mr. Sutherland.

3. V. Vitis Iduea, Linn. (Red W., Cranberry of
this district. )

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Highland type,
(or Scottish). Range in Britain, 51°—59°; 200
to 3300 feet.

Heaths and woods. Less abundant in the lower
districts.
. K.—Parish of Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall ;

Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Rare at Aberdeen; Den of Maidencraig, on
the Skene road, three miles west from town ; and upon

106 XXXVII. VACCINIACEAE. [ Vaccinium.

a moor south from Garlogie, in Skene, G. D. In Cluny,
Mr. Barron ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Clatt, &c.
Rev. J. Minto; Whitehill, Cobairdy, Rev. J. Abel.
Not reported from Cruden nor Aberdeur.

B.—Small patches only, in the Hill of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, chiefly on the higher hills, Dr.
L. Stewart ; on the Binhill, Cullen—north side only,
Mr. Carmichael.

4. V. Oxycoccos, Linn. (Marsh W.; Cranberry.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or Intermediate). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
200 to 2000 feet.
Boggy places. Rare, especially in the lower dis-
tricts ; more frequent inland.
K.—Parish of Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall.
A.—Aboyne and Coull, Stat. Account; banks of
Loch Muick, Dr. A. Murray; on the ascent to Loch-
nagar from the Garrawalt Linn, G. D.; “in monte
Morven,” Dr. D. Skene ; east face of the Mourne at
Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ; in Glen Callater, Mr. Croall ;
near the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.
B.—In the Cabrach, Dr. L. Stewart ; sides of the
Binhill at Cullen, Mr. Carmichael.

Sub-Class I1J.—CoROLLIFLORAE.
OrveR XXXVIII.—ERICACEAE.

1. Erica. HEATH.

1. E. Tetraliz, Linn. (Cross-leaved H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2100
feet.
Heaths and moors. Abundant.

Erica. | XXXVIII. ERICACEAE. 107

2. E. cinerea, Linn (Fine-leaved H.)
Perennial. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 2000 feet.
Heaths. General and abundant.

2. CauLtuna. (Line ; Cat-heather of this district.)

1. C. vulgaris, Salisb. (Common L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3300 feet.

Heaths and moors. Everywhere abundant.

The presence of this plant without Erica tetralix
marks the Mid-Arctic zone of Mr. Watson. The high-
est point which it reaches in this district is that indica-
ted above, and measured by Mr. Watson. On the
rather extensive table top of Mount Battock, (2600
feet) there are but a few stunted plants of this species.
On Mount Keen—highest point, 3180 feet, (Dr. S.
Keith)—*, the calluna ceases at 2877 feet, 1 was unable
to trace it higher. It is plentiful on the top of Morven,
about 3000 feet, G. D.

3. AZALEA. AZALEA.

1. A. procumbens, Linn. (Trailing Azalea.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—61° ; 2100 to 3550 feet.

Dry gravelly places. Confined to the higher dis-
tricts.

A.—Abundant on Lochnagar, Little Craigendall,
Glen Callater, Ben Avon, Ben Macdui, &c. &c.

B.—Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay; JBelrinnes, in
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

* My own measurement (1859), gives 3125 feet, the height
stated in Penny Cyclopedia.

108 XXXVIIIL. ERICACEAE. [Arctostaphylos.

4, ARCTOSTAPHYLOS. BEAR-BERRY.

1. A. alpina, Sprengel. (Black B.)

Perennial. Flowers in May. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 50°—61°; Range in altitude doubtful.

Dry alpine pastures. Very rare.

A.—Near the top of Hill of Corbuie, ‘in Corgarff
(head of Don), beside the Cairn, and in a line with it
and a hill to the west, Mr. Barron. I have seen a
specimen, but have not visited the place, and can find
no measurement of the hill on record, G. D.

2. A. Uva-ursi, Sprengel. (Red B.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 54°—61°; 200 to 2400 feet.

Dry heaths. Rather uncommon in the coast dis-
trict ; in great profusion in the interior on moors, by
road-sides, and at high altitudes.

K.—Parish of Arbuthnot, but not common, Mr.
Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Not in the immediate vicinity of Aberdeen ;
the nearest locality known to me is a moor at Garlogie,
ten miles inland. Too plentiful inland to require any
special details.

ORDER XX XIX.—PYROLACEAE.
1. Moneses. Monesss.

1. M. grandiflora, Salisb. (Large-flowered M.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 56°—58°; range in altitude doubtful.
In woods. Very rare.
B.—Woods in parish of Mortlach, Rev. T. B.
Bell; woods in parish of Rothiemay, Dr. A. Murray.
I possess a specimen from this last locality, but have

Moneses. | XXXIX. PYROLACEAE. 109

never gathered the plant. It will doubtless be met with
in other parts of the district.

2. Pyronta. WInNTER-GREEN.

1. P. secunda, Linn. (Serrated W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 54°—58°; 120 to 2000 feet.

Woods and shady rocks. Widely diffused, but not
frequent in the lower parts.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Howe of Corrichie, Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay
and G. D.; Craigievar, parish of Leochel Cushnie, Stat.
Account. “In Monte, Morven, Dr. Campbell;” Skene,
MSS. Rocks of the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ;
near the top of Craig Koynach, at Castleton, Mr. Gar-
diner ; on the east face of the hill (Craig Vallich 1)
west from Linn of Quoich, G. D.; on Little Craigen-
dall, Mr. R. Mackay; on Ben Beck, at Castleton, Mr.
Gardiner. North bank of the Don, at Dyce, a few
miles west from Aberdeen ; and plantation near the
Farm of Breda, in Alford, Dr. A. Fleming. In Strath-
don, Rev. J. Minto; near the limestone quarry, west
of the monument, in Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Laithers
near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—Wood of Tarrybreck in parish of Rothiemay,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. P. rotundifolia, Linn. (Round-leaved W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Germanic
type ? Range in Britam, 52°—58° ; 300 ? to
2300 feet ?
Moist rocks and woods. Rare.*

* P. media is so often confounded with this species, that I feel
some doubt about the stations given. The plant is certainly rare
in this district ; I have only once found it, viz. :—on the ascent to
Lochnagar from Linn of Garrawalt, G. D.

110 XXXIX. PYROLACEAE. Pyrola.)

A.—Woods of Kebbaty, Mr. Barron ; head of Loch
Muick, Prof. Macgillivray ; Lochnagar, on the ascent
from Linn of Garrawalt, G. D.; base of the Mourne
above Castleton, Mr. Sutherland ; in parish of Alford,
Rey. Dr. Farquharson ; parish of Coull, Stat. Account ;
in Tullynessle, Rev. J. Minto; Laithers near Turriff,
Dr. Shier.

3. P. media, Swartz. (Intermediate W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type. Range in Britain, 52°—61°; 200 to 2000
feet.

Woods, and on moors among heather. Frequent,
both in the lower districts and inland.

K.—Balmakewan woods, a few hundred yards south
from Free Church at the cross-roads, Dr. Simpson ;
Brigton in St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; woods in parish
of Fordoun, Dr. A. Murray. On a steep bank, south
side of the road, at east end of Kingcausie demesne ;
and beside Loch of Park, G. D.

A.—Woods by the Skene road between the second
and third mile-stones ; Den of Maidencraig, four miles
west from Aberdeen; on the hill at Scotston moor,
G. D. Upon Benachie, Mr. Cruickshank ; woods at
Culter House, Dr. J. Smith; Hill of Fare, Mr. Mac-
kay and G. D. Wood of Craigendarroch, by the road-
side, at Ballater, and plentiful on the hill (1716 feet)
behind the Farm of Line, east from the Free Manse at
Ballater ; and about Loch Muick, G. D.; Cairn-a-
Drochet, (at Castleton,) south side, Mr. Gardiner ; near
the Linn of Quoich, and in Glen Callater, G. D. ; on
Ben Beck, Craig Koynach, &c., at Castleton, Mr. Gar-
diner ; in Cluny, Mr. Barron; Alford, Rev. Dr. Far-
quharson ; Strathdon, Rev. J. Minto; Den of Dun-
garvan, parish of Leslie, Mr. M‘Donald; Laithers at
Turriff, Dr. Shier ; Cobairdy and Frendraught woods,
Rey. J. Abel; in the Buchan district, Mr. Murray ;
about Ellon, Mr. Thom.

Pyrola.] XXXIX. PYROLACEAE. lil

B.—Top of the Hill of Alvah, also along the walk
encircling the hill, especially on the north and west
sides, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4. P. minor, Linn. (Less W.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type,
(or Germanic). Range in Britain, 51°—58°; 100
to 1600 feet.

Woods. Frequent; but on the whole not so gen-
eral and frequent as the last species.

K.—Woods of Fordoun, Dr. A. Murray ; abundant
in the Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D. ; at Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Wood at the old Castle of Drum, Dr. J. Smith;
woods at Scotston, Denmore, Parkhill, &c. G. D. ; near
Ballater, Mr. R. Mackay ; base of the Mourne, west
from Castleton, Mr. Croall ; Craig Koynach, at Castle-
ton, Mr. Gardiner. Woods at Auchindoir; and in
Strathdon, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Not unfrequent in the woods between the Mill
of Alvah and the Dry Bridge ; also in the lower parts
of the Hill of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd. In Mortlach
woods, Dr. L. Stewart.

ORDER XL.—AQUIFOLIACEAE.
te inex!) Hom:

1. 1. Aquefolium, Linn. (Common H.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British: type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 200 to 1500 feet.
Hedges and woods, &c. Often planted ; probably
rare as a wild plant.

K.—Parish of Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall; Banchory-
Ternan, Rey. J. Brichan. Dr. Adams informed me

1b XL. AQUIFOLIACEAE. [ flex.

that in the woods of Glassel thousands of young plants
spring up naturally.

A.—Near Whiteside in Tullynessle, and in other
places occasionally, Rev. J. Minto. I have seen several
stunted bushes almost concealed by grass and heath
near the head of Corry Rath, north side of Mount
Keen, at an elevation of 1500 feet.

B.—*“ Not indigenous in Alvah,” Rev. Dr. Todd ;
wild in the parish of Cullen, Mr. Carmichael.

It is with much doubt that I admit this plant into
the list of indigenous species. It was certainly never
planted in such a wild place as the Corry Rath ; at
the same time, it is easy to understand how it may have
been introduced there by the agency of birds.

OrpER XLI.—GENTIANACEAE.
1. ERYTHRAEA. CENTAURY.

1. E. linarifolia, Pers. (Dwarf-tufted C.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.

Pastures near the sea. Very rare.

K.—On a sloping grassy bank at the edge of a clifi,
between Dounie Well and the Altons, Mr. P. Grant ;
coast at Bay of Nigg, Dr. Murray in “ Northern Flora.”
In the spot first mentioned I have twice gathered it ;
I possess no other record of it in the district.

2. E. Centaurium, Pers. (Common C.)
Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; at 260 feet.
Dry pastures. Very rare.
A.—Near Church of Kemnay, Alford Valley Line,
Mr. Burnett (in Mr. P. Macgillivray’s Aberdeen Flora).

Centaurium. | XLI. GENTIANACEAE. 113
2. GENTIANA. GENTIAN.*

1. G. Amarella, Linn. (Small-flowered G.)

Annual. Flowers, May to September. British type,
(or Germanic). Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 50
to 300 feet.

Dry pastures. Rare ; its distribution in this district
seems peculiar ; perhaps it may be often noted, on super-
ficial examination, as G. campestris.

A.—By the Skene road, six and a-half miles from
Aberdeen, Mr. Cow ; in great profusion in links of St.
Fergus, north from Peterhead—more abundant there
than the next, Dr. Templeton and G. D.

2. G. campestris, Linn. (Field G.)

Annual. Flowers in August and September. British
type, (or Scottish). Range in Britain, 50°—61° ;
coast to 1742 feet.

Natural pastures. Very general.

3. MENYANTHES. BUCKBEAN.

1. M. trifoliata, Linn. (Buckbean.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1600
feet.

Bogs and marshes. General in the district, but not
ascending high ; it grows on Morven at the height
above noted.

* G. nivalis, Linn. (Small Alpine G.)

Annual. Flowers in August. Highland type. Range in Britain,
56°—57° ; in altitude ?

Alpine rocks. Very rare.

A.—On the south-east face of Glas Mheal Mountain, head of
Glen Callater, Rev. James Farquharson and Mr. R. Mackay.

Part of Glas Mheal is in County of Aberdeen; the face of it at
head of Canlochan Glen is considered as belonging to Forfarshire.
Being so near the borders of our district, this interesting plant is
deserving of notice here.

I

114 XLII. CONVOLVULACEAE. [Convolvulus.

ORDER XLIT.—CONVOLVULACEAE.
1. Convotvutus. BrInpwEEp.

1. C. arvensis, Linn. (Field B.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. English type
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast
only.

Waste places. Very rare.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Arbuth-
not, Mr. Chrystall; in a field and by the road-side near
oid Kirk of Nigg, G. D.

A.—Formerly in a field at the links, south of Ban-
nermill, G. D.; where it was also known to Dr. D.
Skene, 100 years ago.*

OrDER XLITE.—BORAGINACEAE.
1. Ecuium. Vuiper’s Buetoss.

1. E. vulgare, Linn. (Common V.)

Biennial. Flowers in June and July. British type, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast
line to 1200 feet.

Gravelly wastes. Rather local in the district.

K.—Abundant on the cliffs of St. Cyrus, Dr. Ste-,
phen; Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Rare about Aberdeen; at the Fyfe hills in
Belhelvie ; af Middleton, Deeside turnpike, G. D. At
Drumoak, Rev. J. Abel; at Auchallater, near Castle-
ton, Mr. A. K. Clark; at Tullynessle and in Strathdon,

* Calystegia sepium, and C. Soldanella, occur on the north-east
border of Forfarshire. I possess no note of these species in this
district

Echium.] XLIII. BORAGINACEAE. 115

Rey. J. Minto ; occasionally in fields, parish of Leochel,
Mr. Sutherland ; at Cobairdy, Rev. J. Abel; at Old
Leslie, parish of Leshe, Mr. M‘Donald.

B.—Occasionally in fields, and on the Hill of Stone-

ley, in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; rare in Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

2. LitHosPERMUM. GROMWELL.

1. L. arvense, Linn. (Corn G.)

Annual. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast line to 500
feet.

Fields and waste places. Very local.

K.—Fields at Kirkside in St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen :
at Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—Rare at Aberdeen and uncertain in its growth ;
formerly on the Inch; and in fields at Cardens and
Robslaw ; beside the mill at new Bridge of Don, G. D.
Road-side near Manse of Alford, Dr. A. Murray ; at
Crimond, Mr. Cow.

B.— Fields in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

3. MERTENSIA: SMooTH GROMWELL.

1. M. maritima, Don. (Sea-side G.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; coast only.

Sandy and stony shores. Frequent.

K.—St. Cyrus, Stat. Account ; Bervie and Johns-
haven, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuthnot and Benholme sands,
Mr. Chrystall. Garron Point, north from Stonehaven ;
and abundant in Bay of Nigg, G. D.

A.—Occasionally on the Belhelvie shore, G. D. ;
Ugie mouth, “ Northern Flora”; elsewhere near Peter-
head, Dr. Shier ; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

116 XLIII. BORAGINACEAE. [Mertensia.

B.—Gamrie shore, Rev. G. Gairdner; at “ Banff,
towards Doun, among sand at the sea-shore,’ Dr. D.
Skene ; mouth of the burn of Boyne, Rev. Mr. Cowie.

4, Myosotis. ScoRPION-GRASS.

1. M. repens, Don. (Creeping Water S.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Bogs and ditches. Frequent and general.

IT am inclined to agree with Mr. Watson that this
is the plant of our district, though reported under the
name of M. palustris. * In such belief it may be suffi-
cient to state that the plant is reported as frequent in
all parts.

2. M. caespitosa, Schultz. (Tufted Water S.)
Perennial? Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1200
feet.

Bogs and ditches. Frequent, but not so much so as
the last.

K.—In marshes and ditches at Nigg, G. D.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at the Stocket and Scotston
moors ; also at Castleton, Braemar, G. D. In Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto.

My suspicion is that under the common name M.
palustris, the M. repens, and M. caespitosa are fre-
quently noted without careful examination.

3. M. arvensis, Hoffm. (Field S.)

Biennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1200 feet ?

Fields and wastes. Common.

* Some authorities, however, consider them as scarcely distinct
from each other.

Myosotis. | XLII. BORAGINACEAE. 117

4. M. collina, Hoffm. (Early Field S.)
Annual. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast chiefly.
Sandy places, &c. Local, but abundant where it
does grow.

K.—St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Abundant on the sand hills in the Old-town
Links, north from the Broadhill; and formerly near
the Lunatic Asylum, G. D. Buchan coast, Mr. Cow.

B.—Parish of Alvah, and Colleonard in Banff par-
ish, Dr. Shier.

5. M. versicolor, Lehm. (Yellow and blue 8.)
Annual. Flowers, May to July. British type. Range

in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200 feet.

Fields and waste places. Common.”

5. Lycopsis. BuaGuoss.

1. L. arvensis, Linn. (Small B.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1380
feet.

Fields and wastes. Common. Occurs at the height
above mentioned at Lin Mui, near Ballater.

6. SyMPHyTUM. COMFREY.

1.8. tuberosum, Linn. (Tuberous C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 51°—58°; coast line to 500
feet.

Moist and shady places, &c. Frequent in the
district.

* M. sylvatica is said to have been found in Corbie Den, King-
causie, and in Robslaw Den; I have never seen the true plant in
this district. Luxuriant specimens of M. arvensis are sometimes
mistaken for it.

118 XLIII. BORAGINACEAE. [Symphytum.

K.—Common at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-
Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Not unfrequent about Aberdeen and Old-town,
as near Gilcomston Dam ; road opposite Fountainh&ll ;
at Stocket ; Den of Robslaw ; Deeside road at Middle-
ton, &c., G. D. Near the Church of Midmar, Mr.
Barron ; at Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson. Abundant
at Tullynessle ; at Lessendrum, Rev. J. Abel. In Clatt,
Rey. J. Minto ; in Buchan, Mr. A. Murray; Aberdour,
rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Abundant on Deveron-side, Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; in the vicinity of Banff, “ Northern Flora.”

OrpER XLIV.—SCROPHULARIACEAE.
1. Veronica. SPEEDWELL.

i. V. serpyllifoiia, Linn. (Thyme-leaved 8S.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 25006
feet ?
Pastures and waste places. Abundant.
Var. B, humifusa, Dickson, is frequent on all the
higher ranges in the interior, as Lochnagar, &c. &e.

2. V. alpina, Linn. (Alpine S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°; 2000 to
3000 feet.
Moist rocks and pastures. At high altitudes in the
interior.
A.—Lochnagar, Glen Callater, Ben Macdui, Ben-a-
Buird, Ben Avon, &c., &c.

3. V. scutellata, Linn. (Marsh S.)

Veronica. | XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. 119

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1300
feet.

Moist places. Generally diffused, but not common.

K.—Jackstone, St. Cyrus; Pitready, Strachan, Dr.
Stephen. Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; about, Loch of
Loirston, &c. G. D. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—WNear Aberdeen at Stocket and Scotston moors ;
and a marsh a little north-west of Summerhill, We. ;
and in the interior at Loch Cannor and Castleton, G. D.
At Dyce, Dr. A. Fleming ; west end of Loch Park, Dr.
Stephen ; moss at Coalford, Norman Dyke, Peterculter,
Dr. J. Smith; Drumnahoy, Mr. Barron; in Clatt,
Rey. J. Minto; district of Kinore, Huntly, Rev. J.
Abel ; at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; Aberdour, Rev. G.
Gairdner.

B.—A hairy variety in Hill of Tipperty, Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4. V. Anagallis, Linn. (Water S.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 300
feet ?

Slow streams and ditches. A rare plant in this
district.

K.—Abundant and luxuriant at Arbuthnot, Mr.
Chrystall.

A.—Side of Powis burn, near the Old-town Links,
Mr. Cow ; in the canal at St. Fergus, Mr. A. Murray ;
ditch in the woods near Craigston, parish of King
Edward, Rev. Dr. Todd.

5. V. Beceabunga, Linn. (Brooklime.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to August. JBritish type.

Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet.

Ditches, &c. Frequent in the district.

120 XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. [ Veronica.

6. V. officinalis, Linn. (Common S.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast to 1900 feet ?

Woods and pastures. General.

7. V. montana, Linn. ( Mountain 8. )

Perennial. Flowers, April to July. British n SYS, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°

Moist woods. Rare.

B.—Deskford, in a wood near the Church, Rev.
Mr. Cowie ; between Gordon Castle and Deskford, Mr.
Craigie ; Hollybank, near Gordon Castle, Mr. R. Brem-
ner ; in “ Northern Flora.”

8. V. Chamaedrys, Linn. (Germander S.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61 ; coast line to 1900
feet.
Woods, pastures, &. Generally diffused.

9. V. hederifolia, Linn. (Ivy-leaved S.)

Annual. Flowers, April to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1200
feet.

Fields and wastes. Frequent, but not common.

Occurs in Corgarff at the height above mentioned.

10. V. agrestis, Linn. (Field S.)

Annual. Flowers, April to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast to 1200 feet.

Fields and wastes. General.

11. V. arvensis, Linn. (Wall 8.)

Annual. Flowers, April to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Walls and wastes. Reported with the last from

Veronica. | XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. 121

different parts of the district ; both are plentiful in
Corgarff, and therefore attain, at least, the height above
mentioned.

2. Bartsta. BaRrTSIA.

1. B. Odontites, Hudson. (Red B.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 500
feet.

Moist waste places. Generally diffused, but not
common.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall; near the Free Church, Ban-
chory-Devenick, Mr. A. Cruickshank.

A.—Rather scarce about Aberdeen ; marsh by the
bridge at. Stocket moor; by the road-side near the
lodge at Scotston House, G. D. Road-side near Castle
of Balfluig, Alford, Dr. A. Fleming ; Clatt and Kin-
nethmont, Rev. J. Minto ; Cobairdy, Drumblade, Rev.
J. Abel ; Rhynie and Huntly, Mr. Sutherland ; beside
the Manse of Old Deer, Mr. A. Cruickshank ; abundant
about Ellon, G. D.; at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray; Aber-
dour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—In Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd; at Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

3. EUPHRASIA. EYEBRIGHT.

1. E. officinalis, Linn. (Common E.)

Annual. Flowers, May to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3400 feet.

Natural pastures. Abundant in all parts of the
district.

4, RHINANTHUS. YELLOW-RATTLE.

1. R. Crista-Galli, Linn. ( Common Y.)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1300 feet ?

122 XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. [ Rhinanthus.
Pastures and wastes. Generally diffused.*

5. MrLAMPyYRUM. CoW-WHEAT.

1. M. pratense, Linn. (Common yellow C.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 100 to 3000 feet.

Generally in moist woods. Frequent, but not com-
mon.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan; in the woods at
Kingcausie, G. D. ; Gellan woods and Bridge of Dye,
and by streams in Caerloch, parish of Strachan, Dr.
Stephen.

A.—Woods of Drum, Dr. J. Smith ; Glentanner,
among birches, Dr. D. Skene. Abundant about Balla-
ter, as at Slievanachie, &c. ; and near the summit of
Morven, G. D. Woods at Midmar Castle, Mr, Barron ;
side of the road through Tillyfour woods, Monymusk,
Dr. A. Fleming ; woods of Knockespock, Rev. J.
Minto ; in Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; in Buchan, Mr. A.
Murray ; woods of Laithers, near Turriff, Dr. Shier ;
wood west of Mayen House, Deveron-side, Rey. J.
Abel.

B.—Near a quarry in the wood of Shaws, Alvah,
Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach woods, Dr. L. Stewart.

Var. B, about Castleton, Corrymulzie, and on the
higher ranges, G. D.
2. M. sylvaticum, Linn. (Lesser-flowered Yellow C.)

Annual. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range in
Britain, 54°—58° ; 200 to 1300 feet.

Woods. Rare, and chiefly inland.

* R, major (R. angustifolius of some), has been found in Forfar-
shire. I have gathered it in Moray, but I have never seen it in
this district, and have no report from others of its occurrence.

Melampyrum.] XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. 123

K.—In parish of Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall ;
woods at Blackhall, Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ;
woods in parish of Strachan, Stat. Account.

A.—At Altguisach, head of Glen Muick, G. D.; in
Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

6. PEDICULARIS. LOUSE-WORT.

1, P. palustris, Linn. (Marsh L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1667
feet.

Wet pastures. Frequent in almost all parts of the
district.
2. P. sylvatica, Linn. (Pasture L.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1900 feet.

Moist pastures and heaths. More common than
_ the last.

7. SCROPHULARIA. FIGWORT.

1. 8S. nodosa, Linn. (Knotted F.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast to 500 feet.
Woods and wastes. Frequent.

Recorded as growing in most parts of the district ;
seems to thin out toward the interior ; stated to be
scarce in Mortlach. Not in the Corgarff list.

8. Digitatis. FoxGLove.

1. D. purpurea, Linn. (Purple F.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1800 feet.

Pastures and wastes. Very frequent.

124 XLIV. SCROPHULARIACEAE. [Limosella,

9. LimosELLaA. Mupwort.

1. L. aquatica, Linn. (Common M.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. Germanic type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast
only.

Muddy places. Very rare.

K.—WNorth corner of the mill dam below the Free
Manse at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen, in whose possession
I saw living plants. ‘This is the only locality known
to me in this district ; being inconspicuous the plant
may be often overlooked.

ORDER XLV.—LABIATAE.
1. Lycopus. GIPSY-WORT.

1. L. Europaeus, Linn. (Common G.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; about
200 feet only.
Marshy places. Very rare.

K.—Ury, Rev. A. Smith ; formerly at east end of
Loch Leys, Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

2. Mentoa. Mrnt.

1. M. aquatica, Linn. (Water M.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 500
feet.

Marshy places. Rather general, but not a common
plant. Is reported from most parts of the district, but
seems to become scarcer toward the interior.

2. M. arvensis, Linn. (Field M.)

Mentha. | XLV. LABIATAE. 1B5

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Fields and dry wastes. Not uncommon. Like
the last, becoming scarcer inland ; occurs, however, at
Castleton, Braemar.

These are the only species of Mentha truly indi-
genous here, records of others—doubtless introduced—
will be found elsewhere.

3. Tuymus. THYME.

1. T. Serpyllum, Linn. (Wild T.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 2000 feet.

Dry pastures and wastes. Common and general.
4, OrigANUM. MaRrJoram.

1. O. vulgare, Linn. (Common M.)

_ Perennial. Flowersin July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 51°—58° ; coast
line to 900 feet ?

Dry banks. Rare in this district.
K.—At St. Cyrus, by the North Esk river, Dr.

Stephen ; at Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—North bank of the Dee, east from the Manse
of Drumoak, where it was first pointed out to me by
Dr. A. Murray ; in Strathdon, Stat. Account.

B.—Near Craigellachie, Dr. L. Stewart.

5. TEucRiIumM. GERMANDER.

1. T. Scorodonia, Linn. (Wood G.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1300 feet.

Dry stony places, &c. Frequent and widely dif-

|

126 XLV. LABIATAE. [Teucrium.

fused ; appears to be less so in more inland parts, but
is still plentiful at Ballater, and grows also at Castleton.

6. Ajuga. BuGLE.

1. A. reptans, Linn. (Common B.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1600
feet.

Moist woods and pastures. Frequent in the lower
parts ; apparently less so in the interior and higher
parts.

7. GALEOPSIS. HEMP-NETTLE.

1. G. Tetrahit, Linn. (Common H.)
Annual. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1264 feet.
Fields and dry waste places. Reported from all
parts of the district wherever cultivation extends.

2. G. versicolor, Curtis. (Large-flowered H.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. Scottish type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 51°-—58° ; coast
line to 1200 feet.

Fields and wastes. Not so common as the last,
though reported from most parts of the three counties.

K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Fields in King Street, and other places round
Aberdeen, but rather uncertain in appearance, G. D. ;
fields about Castleton, Braemar, Mr. Croall; Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; rather
common at Cobairdy, Rev. J. Abel.

B.—Abundant on the east side of Deveron, but
very sparingly on the west side, in Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Lamium. | XLV. LABIATAE. 127

8. Lamium. DEAD-NETTLE.

1. L. purpureum, linn. (Purple D.)
Annual. Flowers, April to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1200 feet.

Fields and wastes. Common in the lower parts ;
scarcer where cultivation is less general.

2. L. incisum, Willd. (Cut-leaved D.)

Annual. Flowers, April to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 4
Fields and waste places. Less common and not so
widely diffused as the last. Not reported from several
parts where the L. purpureum is common; it may
have perhaps been confounded with it, and is indeed,
by some, considered identical.

Another species, L. intermedium, Fries, is not re-
ported from any part of the three counties, and proba-
bly for the same reason that L. inciswm is omitted in
some instances.

3. L. amplexicaule, Linn. (Henbit N.)*
Annual. Flowers, April to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast line to 500
feet.

Dry fields and waste places. Frequent.

K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rey. J. Brichan ; frequent at St. Cyrus and in Strachan,
Dr. Stephen.

A.—About Aberdeen occasionally, but rather uncer-
tain in appearance. Reported as in Cluny, Alford,
Clatt, Cruden, Forgue, Aberdour, Alvah. Not in lists

* It is difficult to reconcile the opiniotis of authorities respecting
the British species of Lamiwm ; one considers L. amplexicaule and
L. tntermedium as scarcely to be distinguished ; another thinks L.
amplexicaule distinct, but L. inciswm and L. intermedium as nearly
allied, and as very probably only varieties of L. purpurcwm.

128 XLV. LABIATAE. [Stachys.

from Corgarff and Mortlach. I have no note of its
presence in the more inland parts.

9. StacHys. WouNDWoRT.

1. 8. sylvatica, Linn. (Wood W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 100 to 1200 feet.
Woods and shady places. Frequent. Reported
from most parts of the district. Occurs at Corrymulzie,
Castleton ; and also in Mortlach.

2. S. palustris, Linn. (Marsh W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1180
feet.

Moist fields, &c. Very general in the district.

Var. B, ambigua, at Arbuthnot and elsewhere ; and
seen at Invercauld, which would give a range of 200 to
1080 feet.

3. S. arvensis, Linn. (Corn W.)

Annual. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59°; coast line to 400
feet.

Dry fields and wastes. Rather local, and not so
generally diffused as the first and second species.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan ; village of Cowie, near Stonehaven, Dr. A.
Fleming.

A,— Occasionally in fields about Aberdeen, but
rather uncertain in its growth. Fields near Muir ot
Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto ; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Common in the upper parts of the parish of

Alvah, rarer in the lower, Rev. Dr. Todd; rare in
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Nepeta. | XLV. LABIATAE. 129

10. Nepeta. Grounp-lIvy.

1. N. Glechoma, Benth. (Common G. I.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 500
feet.

Hedges and wastes. Rather generally diffused, but
not a common plant.

K.—In south, north, and north-west parts of Kin-
cardine.

A.—Aberdeen, Cluny, Alford, Rhynie, Huntly,
Clatt, Drumblade, Forgue, Cruden, Aberdour. Reported
as rare at Alford, and not noted as in Corgarff.

B.—Alvah, Mortlach.

11. CanamiIntHsa. CALAMINTH, Kc.

1. C. Acinos, Clairv. (Common C.)

Annual. Flowersin August. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 100 to 460 feet.

Dry fields and wastes. Very local and rare. It is
with some hesitation I admit it here.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—WNear the Manse of Drumoak, in fields, Dr. J.
Smith ; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr. J. Barron, in
which locality I have seen it; near Glenmillan, in
Lumphanan, Rev. A. Beverly.

2. C. Clinopodium, Benth. (Com. Wild-Basil. )
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 800 feet.
Dry banks. Very local. Not reported from the
northern parts of the district.
K.—“Ad ripas Dee, Banchory-Ternan,” Dr. D.
Skene, where it still grows.
K

130 XLV. LABIATAE. [Calamintha.

A.—Rare near Aberdeen ; has been found on the
Inch, at the Craiglug, and about the old Bridge of Dee,
G. D. North bank of the Dee at Drumoak, Dr. J.
Smith ; banks of the Muick and Dee at Ballater, G.
D, ; at Craig, Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland.

12. PRUNELLA. SELF-HEAL.

i. P. vulgaris, Linn. (Common 8S.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 2000 feet.

Moist pastures. Common and generally diffused.
13. Scurennarta, SKULL-capP.

1. S. galericulata, Linn. (Common 8S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 400 feet ?
By lakes and in marshes. Rare in the district.

K.—Marshy places among Itis, along the shore at
Muchalls, Dr. A. Murray ; I have seen specimens col-
lected there.

A.—In parish of Longside, Stat. Account.

B.—At Loch Park; in. Mortlach, rare, Dr. L.
Stewart.

OrpEeR XLVI.—LENTIBULARIACEAE.
I. Pinevicuta. Burrerwort.

1. P. vulgaris, Linn. (Common B.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to July. Scottish type, (or
British). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to
2800 feet.
Moist heaths and bogs. Generally diffused. A
variety with white flowers has been found at the south

Pinguicula. | XLVI. LENTIBULARIACEAE. 131

part of the base of Morven ; on the same mountain the
plant attains the elevation above mentioned.

2. UTRICULARIA. BLADDERWORT.

1. U. vulgaris, Linn. (Greater B.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1600
feet.

Ditches and lakes. Widely diffused, but scarce.

K.—Moss of Forth, parish of Garvock, Dr. Ste-
phen ; marsh above Bay of Nigg, to the south-west,
G. D.; near Kingcausie, Rev. D. Milne; Banchory-
Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—Formerly in Ferryhill moss ; mosses of Fyfe,
in Belhelvie, and of Braediach in Skene ; also at Loch
of Skene, G. D. Loch Cannor, Mr. Sutherland ; very
fine at the west end of Loch Muick, G. D. ; in Loch
Callater, Rev. J. Brichan ; marshes near the Lyne,
_ Upper Drumnahoy, Mr. Barron ; moss of Balfluig, in
Alford, Rev. J. Minto ; mosses in Hinder Kinneth-
mont, Mr. M‘Donald.

B.—Moss holes about Muiryhill, Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd.
2. U. intermedia, Hayne. (Intermediate B.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Local type, (or
Scottish). Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 200 to
600 feet.
Pools and ditches. Very rare ; perhaps often ‘over-
looked.
K.—In shallow water at the east end of Loch of
Park, 12 miles west from Aberdeen, G. D.
A.—At Loch Cannor (between Aboyne and Bal-
later), Mr. Sutherland.

3. U. minor, Linn. (Less B.)

132 XLVI. LENTIBULARIACEAE, [ Utricularia.

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 100 to 600 feet.

Bogs and ditches. Rare.

K.— Marsh, half-a-mile north from Kirk of Gar-
vock, Dr. Stephen ; near Kingcausie, Rev. D. Milne ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Moss at the south side of Corsehill, opposite
to Scotston, near Aberdeen, and marsh at the west end
of Loch of Skene, G. D. ; Loch Cannor, Professor Mac-
gillivray ; Moss of Balfluig, in Alford, also in Auchin-
doir, Rev. J. Minto.

OrpEeR XLVII.—PRIMULACEAE.
1. Primuta. Primrose, dc.

1. P. vulgaris, Huds. (Common P.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1500 feet.

Pastures, &c. Frequent in all parts.

Var. p. elatior. Rather local in the district.

K.—At St. Cyrus ; Kineff; Arbuthnot, Stat. Ac-
count. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Rare at Aberdeen, on the north bank of the
Dee, west from Morison’s Suspension Bridge, G. D. ;
at Tillenhilt, in Midmar, Mr. Barron ; at Cruden, Mr.
A. Murray.

B.—In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. P. veris, Linn. (Common Cowslip.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast
line to 1500 feet.

Banks and natural pastures. It is less common in
the maritime parts of the district, and increases in fre-
quency toward the interior.

Primula.] XLVII. PRIMULACEAE. 133

K.—St. Cyrus; Kineff, Stat. Account. Coast at
Whistleberry, Dr. D. Lyall. On banks at the Cove.

A.—Den of Maidencraig, by the Skene road, Mr.
P. Grant. “In pascuis inter Tullich et ripam Dee,”
Dr. D. Skene. Abundant by the Dee, above and be-
low Ballater ; and about the base of the Mourne at
Castleton, G. D. Craig Koynach at Castleton, Mr.
Croall. Micras; Abergeldie ; Carr Rocks at Castle-
ton, Mr. Sutherland. Den of Craig, near Rhynie ;
Bridge of Poldullie, Strathdon ; Nochty-side, Inchrory,
‘Northern Flora.” At Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; at
Aberdour, Rey. G. Gairdner.

B.—At Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner ; in Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd.

2. Guaux. Sea Mitkwort.

l. G. maritima, Linn. (Sea M.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Marshy spots by the sea.) Common along the
coast.
3. TRIENTALIS. CHICKWEED WINTER-GREEN.

1. T. Europaea, Linn. (European C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Scottish type, (or
Highland.) Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; coast
line to 2000 feet.

Woods and heaths. This interesting plant is abun-
dant in most parts of the district, and is one of our
most characteristic species ; still it may be necessary to
record a few of the many places where it grows.

K.—In different parts of Kincardine—Arbuthnot ;
Fordoun ; Nigg ; Banchory-Ternan, &c.

A.—In great abundance in almost every fir wood,
and on the moors round Aberdeen ; Stocket moor ;
woods by the Skene road ; Parkhill, Scotston, Den-
more, Hazelhead, &c. &c. About Ballater ; ascent to

134 XLVII. PRIMULACEAE. [Glaux.

Lin Mui; round Loch Muick ; on the ascent to Loch-
nagar ; on the Hill of Fare ; in Midmar woods; Clatt
and Alford ; Strathdon. Cobairdy woods and Deveron-
side. Old Deer. In Buchan district. Aberdour.

B.—In Banff parish ; abundant in Alvah ; on the
Binhill, Cullen. In Mortlach. The Rev. J. Abel, who
reports it as at Cobairdy, &c. states, that the earliest
plants have the number szz prevailing in the parts of
the flower, while on those which flower at a later
period, the number seven predominates.

4, Lystmacura. Loosn-STRIFE.

1. L. nemorum, Linn. (Wood L.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 1860 feet.
Moist shady places. Very generally diffused.

2. L. vulgaris, Linn. (Great yellow L.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. English
type, (or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ;
local at 50 feet ?

Wet shady places. Very rare.

A. (or K.)—On an island in the river Dee, (Pow-
berry island), opposite Kingcausie, where it was first
observed by Mr. Gammie. I have gathered it abun-
dantly there.

5. ANAGALLIS. PIMPERNEL.

1. A. arvensis, Linn. (Scarlet P.)

Annual. Flowers, June to August. JBritish type, (or
English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 800 feet.

Dry fields and wastes. Rare in this district, and

probably introduced with cereals, &c.

K.—Milton of Mathers, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ;

Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall. Occasionally about Stone-

haven; in a field south-west from Girdleness Light-

Qt

Anagallis. | XLVII. PRIMULACEAE. 13%

house, Dr. A Fleming ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Minto.

A.—Fields about Ferryhill, &., “Northern Flora. ”’
Upper Drumnahoy, Mr. Barron ; in Strathdon, Mr.
Proctor.

B.—Fields about Dunlugas, in Alvah, Rey. Dr.
Todd.

2. A. tenella, Linn. (Bog P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to
500 feet 2

In marshy places. are in this district.

K.—Inland parts of St. Cyrus, Stat. Account ; at
Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall ; at Bervie, Stat.
Account.

A.—“ Moist banks of the Don in more than one
place,’ Northern Flora. At Peterhead, south of the
Lighthouse, Rev. J. Minto. Banks of the Ugie at
Collyburn; Rattray Head; and Loch of Strathbeg,
Mr. Cow; at this last place I have gathered the
plant. At St. Fergus, Mr. A. Murray; in parish of
Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Formerly in a bog near Mill of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

ORDER XLVITI.—PLUMBAGINACEAE.
1. ARMERIA. S#A-PINK.

1. A. maritima, Willd. (Common Sea P.)
Perennial. Flowers, April to September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 3600
feet.
In various habitats on the whole coast ; along the
course of the larger rivers from their source down-

136 XLVIII, PLUMBAGINACEAE. [Armeria.

wards ; on serpentine tracts, very general ; occurs also
at different elevations on the higher ranges. A very
variable plant, out of which some have proposed to
institute several species. In some cases the calyx is
entirely pilose, Holotrichae ; in others there are lines
of hairs on all or on some of the ribs, Plewrotrichae.
Specimens from twenty different stations in the dis-
trict gave the following results—in four the calyx all
hairy, Holotrichae, these were gathered on the coast ;
in three, there were ten lines of hairs, with scattered
hairs in the intervening spaces; in eleven, there were
ten lines of hairs, the intervening spaces glabrous ; in
one, there were five lines densely pilose, and five with
scattered hairs only ; in one there were only five lines
of hairs. The first seven might be called Holotrichae,
these were coast specimens ; among the remaining thir-
teen, Pleurotrichae, all the inland specimens were in-
cluded, and part of those from the coast. Finally, it
may be worthy of notice that specimens, which had
been thirty years in cultivation had the calyx all hairy;
and others, seven years cultivated had ten lines of hairs.

ORDER XLIX.—PLANTAGINACEAE.
1. Puantaco. PLANTAIN,.

1. P. major, Linn. (Greater P.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1500 feet.

Pastures and wastes. Common.
2. P. media, Linn. (Hoary P.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to September. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 200
feet.

Pastures. Very rare in the district.

ted

Plantago. | XLIX. PLANTAGINACEAE. 137

K.—Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall; Kingcausie,
“Northern Flora.”

A.—Formerly in a field near Marine Terrace, Aber-
deen, Dr. A. Fleming; at Haddo House, “ Northern
Flora.”

3. P. lanceolata, Linn. (Ribwort P.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1900 feet.
Pastures and wastes. Common.

4, P. maritima, Linn. (Sea-side P.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1000 feet.

Waste places and rocks. Abundant along the coast
line ; less so in the interior.

K.—Banchory-Ternan.

A.—Hill of Fare, Alford, Clatt, Rayne, Turriff,
Tullynessle, Forgue, Drumblade.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach, but rare.

5. P. Coronopus, Linn. (Buck’s-horn P.)
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 60 feet.
Gravelly wastes. Frequent in the maritime dis-
tricts ; I have no note of its occurrence farther from
the sea than 12 miles, viz. in parish of Methlic.

2. LitTORELLA. SHORE-WEED.

1. L. lacustris, Linn. (Plantain S.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 800 feet.
Margins of lakes and in marshes. Though widely
diffused still not a common plant.

K.—Garvock and Muchalls, Dr. Stephen ; abundant
at Loch of Loirston, G. D.

138 XLIX. PLANTAGINACEAE. [Littorella.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Stocket moor, Corbie Loch,
Bishop’s Loch, margin of the Dee, &. G. D. Cluny,
Mr. Barron; rare in Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
marshes above Ballater, Mr. Croall ; Cruden, Mr. <A.
Murray ; parish of Longside, Stat. Account. Not in
Corgarff.

B.—In Alvah, but rare, Rev. Dr. Todd. Not in
Mortlach list.

Sub-Class 1V.—MoNOCHLAMYDEAE.
OrpER L.—CHENOPODIACEAE.
1. CHENOPODIUM. GOOSE-FOOT.

1. C. album, Linn. (White G.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 500
feet.

Fields and wastes. Frequent. Noted as in different
parts of Kincardine. In Aberdeenshire, along the coast
line, and also in the interior at Alford. In Banffshire
it occurs in Mortlach.

2. C. Bonus-Henricus, Linn. (Mercury G.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast
line to 500 feet.

Waste places. Rather local.

K.—In the south parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Far-
lane ; in Garvock and Strachan, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuth-
not, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

~ A.—Road-side at Mile-end, Stocket, G. D.; in
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto;
Inverkeithny, near the manse, Rev. J. Abel ; in Buchan,
Mr. A. Murray.

Atriplex. | L. CHENOPODIACEAE. 139

B.—In Alvah, but doubtfully indigenous, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

9. ATRIPLEX. ORACHE.

1. A. Babingtonti, Woods. (Spreading-fruited O.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—-60° ; coast line.

Sea-shore. Frequent, and perhaps along the whole
coast line. There has been so much confusion respect-
ing species of this genus that reports are not always to
be depended on.

2. A. patula, Linn. (Halberd-leaved 8.)

Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 500
feet.

Fields and wastes. Frequent, but less so in the
more inland parts.

3. SALICORNIA. GLASSWORT.

1.8. herbacea, Linn. (Jointed G.)
Annual. Flowers in August and September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line.
Salt marshes. Rare, and very local.

K.—At Brotherton, near Johnshaven, “ Northern
Flora.”

A.—KEdges of the salt marsh at the mouth of the
Ythan, G. D.

4, SuagpA. SEA-BuITE.

1. 8. maritima, Dumort. (Annual S.)
Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Salt marshes by the sea. Very rare and local.
K.—Kincardineshire coast, Mr. Chrystall.
A.—Mud banks at the mouth of the Ythan, G. D.

140 L. CHENOPODIACEAE. [Salsola.

5. SALSOLA. SALTWORT.

iS. Kalk, fim Cenckiy Ss.)

Annual. Flowers in July. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line.

Sandy sea-shore. Along all our coast line, but not
very plentiful anywhere.

K.—Sandy beach at St. Cyrus, and near the mouth
of the North Esk, Dr. Stephen.

A.— Occasionally from Aberdeen to Don-mouth ;
between the Preventive Station at Don-mouth and the
sea, and along the coast to the Ythan, G. D. Mouth
of the Ugie at Peterhead, Mr. A. Murray ; also along
the coast northwards.

B.—Shore at Cullen, Mr. Carmichael.

OrvDER LI.—SCLERANTHACEAE.
ScLERANTHUS. KNAWEL.

1. S. annuus, Linn. (Annual K.)

Annual or Biennial. Flowers in July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Fields and dry walls. Generally diffused, but not
common.

K.—Arbuthnot ; Banchory-Ternan.

A.—Tops of walls, &. at Robslaw and Stocket ;
Robslaw quarry ; road-side at Scotston ; in dry pastures
and edges of fields in Alford, Corgarff, Clatt, Buchan.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach.

Orver LIT.—POLYGONACEAE.

1. Potyconum. Persicartia, &e. &e.
1. P. Bistorta, Linn. (Snakeweed.)

Polygonum. | LII. POLYGONACEAE. 141

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 500
feet.

Moist pastures and woods. Rather local ; some-
times growing in places where it might have escaped
from cultivation, but so frequently in localities where
it was not likely to have been introduced, that I do
not hesitate to place it in the list.

K.—In south parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; side of a stream opposite
Ardo, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in Den of Robslaw ; wood
above the old Bridge of Don, G. D. Seaton woods,
Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Monymusk and Kemnay, Mr.
Burnett ; Asloon, in Alford, Rev. J. Minto ; abundant
at Cobairdy, Rev. J. Abel; in the Buchan district, Mr.
A. Murray.

B.—Duff-House Park, probably introduced, Rev.
Dr. Todd.

2. P. viviparum, Linn. ( Viviparous alpine Bistort. )
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; coast line to 2500
feet.
Natural pastures. Very general in the district ;
growing almost at the sea level. A few of the many
stations may be here recorded.

K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; since 1836, on a
grassy bank east side of the road half-way between
Wellington Bridge and new Church of Nigg, where it
still grows, (1859) ; in a meadow at the head of Corbie
Den, Maryculter, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

_ A.—Pastures east of Garlogie Mill, west from
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Normandyke, at Peter-
culter, Dr. J. Smith. Abundant about Ballater; very
luxuriant by the Dee at Castleton ; in alpine pastures,

142 LII, POLYGONACEAE. [ Polygonum.

Glen Callater, &. &c, G. D. Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; very abundant
in Clatt and neighbouring parishes, Rev. J. Minto ;
Hill of Barra, Bourtie, Rev. J. Abel ; Laithers at
Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—About Banff, Stat. Account; parish of Alvah,
but rare, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. P. aviculare, Linn. (Common Knot-grass.)

‘Annual. Flowers, May to September. JBritish type.

Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1200 feet.

Waste places. Common in most parts of the
district.

4. P. Convolvulus, Linn. (Climbing P.)

Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1200
feet.

In fields. Frequent, and in all parts of the district,

coast and inland, where cultivation extends. At
Castleton ; Corgarff; and Mortlach.

5. P. amphibium, Linn. (Amphibious P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
500 feet.

Marshes, lakes, &c. Frequent in the lower dis-.
tricts, less common in the interior, but grows in Alford,
and occurs also in Mortlach ; in Clatt, var f, terrestre,
is much more common than the aquatic form.

6. P. Persicaria, Linn. (Spotted P.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1350
feet.

Waste places. Frequent in the lower districts, less
so in the interior, but found at Lin Mui, d&., near.

Polygonum. | LII. POLYGONACEAE, 145

Ballater; by the side of Loch Muick ; in Clatt ; and
in Mortlach.
7. P. lapathifolium, Linn. (Pale flowered P.)
Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
to 500 feet.
Fields and wastes. Seems to be rare in this dis-
trict, I have seldom met with it.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.
A.—Near Aberdeen, upon the Inch at the harbour,
and at the west end of the garden at the Links, near
Bannermill, G. D. ; Monymusk, Mr. Sutherland ; at

Alford, but rare, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; at Meldrum,
Rev. J. Abel.

8. P. Hydropiper, Linn. (Biting P.)

Annual. Flowers in August and September. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to
600 feet.

By lakes, &., and in marshes. Rather uncommon,
yet widely diffused in this district.

K.—Half-a-mile west of the Church of Strachan,
Dr. Stephen ; south bank of the Dee, at the bend
below Morison’s Bridge, Mr. P. Macgillivray; Ban-
chory-Ternan, rare, Dr. Adams.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Gilcomston Dam; Den of
Robslaw ; was very abundant at Justice Mill Dam,
which being now filled up, the plant is extirpated,
G. D. Drumnahoy in Cluny, Mr. Barron. By the
margin of Loch Cannor, between Aboyne and Bal-
later, G. D.

B.—Haugh below Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. Rumex. Dock AND SORREL.

l. R. erispus, Linn. (Curled D.)

144 LII. POLYGONACEAE. [| Rumen.

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1200
feet.

Pastures and wastes. Common in the lower dis-
tricts, but occurs also in the interior, as in Corgarff, at
the height above stated.

2. R. obtusifolius, Linn. (Blunt-leaved D.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British
type. Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to
1200 feet.
Way-sides and wastes. Frequent, occurs in Cor-
garff and other parts of the interior.

3. R. aquaticus, Linn. (Grainless water D.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Scottish
type. Range in Britain, 54°—61°; coast line to
1300 feet.
Moist places. Frequent in most parts of the
district.
K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.
A.—Rather plentiful about Robslaw quarry, &c.,
G. D.; very general in the Braemar district, Mr. R.
Mackay; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; Laithers, near
Turriff, Dr. Shier; in Buchan district, Dr. A. Murray.

B.—At Gamrie, Rey. G. Gairdner ; in Alvah, Rey.
Dr. Todd.

4. R. conglomeratus, Murr. (Sharp-leaved D.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type,
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 500
feet.

Moist places. I believe this to be frequent in the
district.

5. Kt. Acetosa, Linn. (Common 8S.)

Rumez.] LI, POLYGONACEAE. 145

Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 3559
feet.*

Natural pastures. Frequent and generally diffused.

6. R. Acetosella, Linn. (Sheep’s S.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2100
feet.

Pastures. Abundant and general.

Oxyria. MountTAIN-SORREL.

1. O. reniformis, Hooker. (Kidney-leaved M.)

Perennial. lowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 52°-—60°; 50 to 3800
feet.

Moist rocks, &c. In the higher and inland paris
abundant, descending also almost to the sea level along
the course of the Dee.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams; south bank of
Dee at Nether-Banchory, G. D.

A.—On the margin of the Dee, north side, half a-
mile above the old Bridge ; and near the Manse of
Drumoak, in this last place it was found by Dr. Skene,
nearly 100 years ago, “In ripa arenosa, Dee, east of
Drumoak,’ Skene MSS. At Ballater ; Gairnside ;
Abergeldie ; Castleton, &c., and abundant in Glen
Callater, and on all the higher mountams, Lochnagar ;
Ben Avon ; Ben-a-Buird ; Little Craigendall; Ben
Macdui, &e. &e.

* Tn a paper on altitudinal range of species in Aberdeenshire,
(London Journal of Botany, Vol. I. 1843), 1 assigned to this species
avery low altitude, and to the R. Acetosella one much higher. This
being the very opposite of Mr. Watson’s statements, he suspects
that I may have, in making a note, substituted the one species for
the other. ‘Trusting to his great accuracy, I adopt his opinion,
Gere:

L

146 LI. EMPETRACEAE. [Empetrum.

B.—Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay ; in Mortlach, upon
Corryhabbie, Dr. L. Stewart.

OrveR LIII.—EMPETRACEAE.
1. EmpetruM. CROWBERRY.

1. E. nigrum, Linn. (Black C.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. Scottish type, (or
Highland). Range in Britain, 51°—60° ; coast
to 4100 feet.

Pastures and heaths. In great profusion through-
out the district ; on the coast, close by the sea, as-
sociated with the common plants which grow there,
and at high elevations along with strictly alpine species.

OrpER LIV.—EUPHORBIACEAE.
1. Merovuriuis. MERCURY.

1. M. perennis, Linn. (Perennial or Dog M.)
Perennial. Flowers, March to May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 1720
feet.
Woods and shady rocks. Frequent, but not a com-
mon plant, though widely diffused.

K.—Banks of the North Esk, Stat. Account. Burn
of Benholme ; Shevoch, Durris, Dr. Stephen. Ban-
chory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ; Corbie Den, Maryculter,
Gap:

A.—Near Aberdeen, on the banks of the Dee above
the old bridge ; wood at the old Bridge of Don ; woods
at Pitmedden, G. D. On the serpentine rocks at Bal-
later; at Linn of Muick; at Castleton and Corry-

Mercurialis. | LIV. EUPHORBIACEAE. 147

mulzie, G. D. Woods on the ascent to Lochnagar, at
the altitude above mentioned, Mr. Watson ; in Alford,
Rey. Dr. Farquharson ; wood at toll-bar of Colna-
baichan, Strathdon, Mr. Barron ; banks of the Bogie,
Rev. J. Minto ; Mungo wood, Huntly Castle, Rev. J.
Abel ; in Den of Gight, G. D. ; at Aberdour, Rev. G.
Gairdner.

B.—Shady places along Deveron-side, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. EUPHORBIA. SPURGE.

l. E. helioscopia, Linn. (Sun S.)

Annual. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 90°—61° ; coast line to 1300
feet.

Fields and wastes. Frequent, wherever cultivation
extends. Occurs in lower parts of the district, as
well as in the more inland. Grows at Castleton ; Cor-
garff; Clatt ; Mortlach.

2. E. Peplus, Linn. (Petty 8.)

Annual. Flowers, June to October. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast
line to 1100 feet.

Fields and waste ground. Though frequent and
widely diffused, this species I believe to be less so than
the first. It occurs at Castleton ; in Clatt, but very
scarce ; is omitted from the list of Corgarff species ;
grows in Mortlach.

3. EK. exigua, Linn. (Dwarf 8S.)

Annual. Flowers, July to September. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; alti-
tude ?

Usually in fields. Very rare ; it is probably often

overlooked, and may yet be found more abundant in

‘
148 LY. CALLITRICHACEAE. [Callitriche.

this district. It has possibly been introduced with
agricultural seeds.
B.—In corn fields, near the old Castle of the Boyne,

Rey. Andrew Wilson. I possess a specimen from this
locality.

OrpER LV.—CALLITRICHACEKAE.
1. CALLITRICHE. Water STARWORT.

1. C. verna, Linn. (Vernal W.)
Annual. Flowers, April to September. [British type.

Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast le to 1250
feet.
Pools and streams. Abundant ; and found in all
parts of the district.

Var. B, platycarpa, occurs occasionally in different
places near Aberdeen ; 1t may have been overlooked in
other places.

2. C. autumnalis, Linn. (Water W.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 53°—60° ; at 200 feet.
In ditches and lakes. Very rare.
K.—Loch of Park, east end, G. D.

3. C. pedunculata, De Cand. (Pedunculated W.)
Annual. Flowers in July and August. British type.
flange in Britain, 50°—59° ; at 2200 feet.

In lakes, &c. Very rare, perhaps like the last, often
overlooked.
A.—Loch Kander, at the head of Glen Callater,

Mr. Watson, where the plant has also been gathered
by others.

Urtica.] LVI. URTICACEAE. i49

OrvDER LVI.—URTICACEAE.
1. Urtica. NEtTTLE.

1. U. urens, Linn. (Small N.)
Annual. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1200 feet.
Waste places. Ifrequent in the lower parts ; occurs
also in inland localities. Banchory-Ternan, Aboyne,
Castleton, Alford, Clatt, Mortlach.
2. U. dioica, Linn. (Great N.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1300 feet.
Waste places. General.

OrpDER LVII.—MYRICACEAE.
1. Myrica. GALE.

1. M. Gale, Linn. (Sweet G. Bog Myrtle.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type. Range

in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to 1400 feet.

In bogs and on marshy heaths. Frequent, formerly
more so ; extirpated in many localities by draining and
reclaiming of land.

K.— South Kincardine, Arbuthnot, Kingcausie,
Durris, Banchory-Ternan.

A.—Scotston, Belhelvie, Aboyne, Ballater, Castle-
ton, Skene, Drumnahoy, Alford, Kinnethmont, &c. &c.

B.—Rare in parish of Alvah ; abundant in mosses
of Marnoch, Rev. Dr. Todd. Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

OrpER LVIII.—BETULACEAE.
1. Betuta. Brrca.
1, B. alba, Linn. (Common B.)

150 LVIII. BETULACEAE. [ Betula.

Perennial. lowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 300 to 1900 feet.
Heathy and stony places. Wild only in the more
inland districts, but abundant there. In the higher
parts 1t is often in the form of a mere bush, where,
along with Juniper, it occupies the place of the whin
and broom, which have disappeared. In 1842 there
existed on the estate of Invercauld a tree of this species
13 feet in girth at the soil. On the summit of the
ridge north from Mount Keen, and at an elevation of
2200 feet, I have seen the dead remains of birches, far
larger than any growing at lower altitudes on other
mountains in the district. *
2. B. nana, Linn. (Dwarf B.)
Perennial. Flowers in May. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 55°—58° ; 1600 to 2100 feet.
Alpine heaths. Confined to the inland and higher

portions of the district. Though rather local, yet very
abundant where it grows.

A.—With Catkins, at the head of Loch Muick, Mr.
Croall. On the ascent to Lochnagar, both from Garra-
walt and head of Glen Callater ; very fine and abundant
about Loch Phadrig, east side of Glen Callater, G. D.
On Little Craigendall, Mr. Sutherland ; on Ben-a-Buird,
Mr. R. Mackay. :

B.—In Glen Avon, “ Flora of Moray.”

2. Aunus. ALDER.

1. A. glutinosa, Gaertn. (Common Alder.)
Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 200 to 1300 feet.
Wet meadows and river-sides. Rarely wild in the
lower parts ; often truly so in the interior. Large trees

* T cannot agree with those who admit another species, B.
glutinosa ; distinct gradations occur from one to the other.

Salix. | LIX. SALICACEAE. 151

of this species occur along the river Muick. I have
seen very large stems of it taken from a depth of 20
feet, in a moss at Loirston, near Aberdeen.

OrnpveR LIX.—SALICACEAEH

1. Satix. WIutLow, &.

1. S. pentandra, Linn. (Bay-leaved W.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 51°— 58°; coast line to 500
feet.

Sides of rivers. Rare. Seldom wild in the lower,
generally so in some of the inland parts of the district.

K.—Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan,
Dr. Stephen.

A.—Near Aberdeen by the stream north-west from
Robslaw quarry ; west end of the Loch of Skene, G. D.
Alford, and Tullynessle near Bridge of Alford, Rev. J.
Minto ; “In prato humido ad ripas Don, inter Newe
et Glenbucket,’ Skene MSS.

B.—Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd.

2.8. angustifolia, Wulf. (Little tree W.)
Perennial. Flowers in April. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 55°—60° ; 1300 to 1500 feet ?

Moist places. Confined to the interior.
A.—Shores of Loch Muick, Mr. Croall.
3. 8. fusca, Linn. (Dwarf silky W.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1900 feet.
Heaths and wastes. Frequent in one or other of its
forms in all parts of the district.
4,8. reticulata, Linn. (Reticulated W.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—59° ; 2000 to 3000 feet.

152 LIX. SALICACEAE. [Saliz.

Moist rocks. Confined to the interior, and on the
higher ranges only, and there rather local, yet abundant
where it occurs.

A.—In great abundance on the rocks at the water-

fall, head of Glen Callater, G. D.

5. 8. arenaria, Linn. (Downy Mountain W.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 54°—60° ; 2000 to 3700 feet.
Crevices of rocks. Confined to the interior, but
there general and abundant.
A.—Rocks at the head of Glen Callater; upon
Lochnagar, and ascending nearly to its summit; Ben
Macdui, G. D. Ben-a-Buird and Ben Avon, Mr. R.
Mackay.

6. 8. cinerea, Linn. (Grey Sallow.)
Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 200 to 500 feet ?
Banks of rivers. Very local. |

K.—Woods of the Burn ; Den of Canterland, &c.,
Mr. Croall.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Den of Robslaw, and banks
of Don; and on Bennachie, G. D. In Alford, Rev.
Dr. Farquharson.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

7.8. aurita, Linn. (Round-eared 8.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2100
feet.

Moist woods, &c. Frequent and widely diffused. —

K.—Frequent on the coast south from Aberdeen ;
Den of Leggart, &c., G. D. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Den of Maideneraig, G. D. ; banks of the Dee
at Murtle, Dr. A. Fleming ; in Alford, Rev. Dr. Far-

Saliz.] LIX. SALICACEAE. 153

quharson ; Ballater, G. D. ; Glen Clunie, and banks of
Dee at Castleton, Mr. Croall.
B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

8. 8. caprea, Linn. (Great round-leaved S.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 1600
feet.
Woods, &e. Occurs in different parts of the district,
but is rather local.

A.—Ferryhill ; banks of Dee and Don ; Robslaw
quarry ; Alford ; Clatt ; Castleton, Braemar.

9. 8. nigricans, Smith. (Dark-leaved S.)
Perennial. Flowers, April to June. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 53°—58° ; 100 to 2300 feet.
By streams and on moist rocks. Rather local.
A.—North bank of the Dee, at Nether-Banchory,
G. D.
Var. y, rupestris ; Glen Callater, Mr. R. Mackay.
Var. 6, hirta ; Corry of Loch Kander, Professor
Maegillivray.
10. 8S. phylicifolia, Linn. (Tea-leaved W.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 53°—58° ; 1100 to 2200 feet ?
By streams. Local; confined to the interior.
A.—Glen Callater, Professor Balfour ; at Linn of

Quoich, and by streams on the west side of Cairn
Drochet, near Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

11.8. Arbuscula, Linn. (Small Tree W.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 55°—60° ; 1400 to 2400 feet?
In different habitats and localities, under one or
other of its forms.
A.—Var. Myrsinites, Lightf.; shores of Loch

154 LIX. SALICACEAE. [Sali

Muick, and frequent on the higher mountains, G. D. ;
head of Glen Callater, Mr. R. Mackay.

12. 8. Myrsinites, Linn. (Git. Whortle-leaved W.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—58° ; 2200 to 2500 feet ?
Confined to the inland and higher parts.
Little Craigendall, Mr. Croall.
Var. y, arbutifolia, Glen Callater, Mr. R. Mackay ;
Corry of Loch Kander, Professor Macgillivray.

13. S. herbacea, Linn. (Least W.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 52°—60° ; 2100 to 4300 feet.

In gravelly and stony places on the higher moun-
tains. The lowest altitude at which I have seen the
plant in this district is that above mentioned, viz. below
the top of the Buck of the Cabrach. It is one of the
few species which attain the summit of Ben Macdui.
Although very abundant on Lochnagar and others of
the Braemar range, there are several mountains bor-
dering on 3000 feet where I have searched for it in
vain, viz. Mount Battock, Morven, and Mount Keen.
The Buck of the Cabrach, lower than either of those
mentioned, in common with them, is comparatively
isolated, and distant from any of the higher ranges.

14. 8. lanata, Linn. (Woolly broad-leaved W.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—57° ; 2400 to 2700 feet.

Alpine rocks in the interior. Very rare. The only
locality in the district where I have seen this—the
most beautiful of our native species—is on rocks at the
head of Glen Callater. It occurs also in the Corry of
Loch Kander, at the head of a branch of the main glen
to the west.

Populus. | LIX. SALICACEAE. 15

Cr

2. Popunus. Popuar.

1. P. tremula, Linn. (Trembling Poplar or Aspen. )
Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1600
feet.
In woods and on rocks. Widely diffused in the
district ; often planted ; rather local in the wild state.
K.—Den of Davo, Garvock ; Glen Dye, Strachan,
Dr. Stephen. Cliffs at Muchalls, G. D. ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in Den of Maidencraig, and
near Loch of Skene, G. D. ; Howe of Corrichie, Hill of
Fare, Mr. Barron; Craigs of Pannanich, and other
places near Ballater ; also at Castleton. In 1842 there
was a tree of this species at Invercauld, having a girth
of 10 feet 6 inches at the soil, G. D. Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

B.—Rocks at Bridge of Alvah, and at Den of Lin-
head, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

OrpER LX.—CUPULIFERAE.
1. QurRcus. Oak.

1. Q. Robur, Linn. (Common British O.) *
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to 1500
feet
On rocks and in woods. It occurs in a wild state
in various parts of the district.
K.—On the coast at Muchalls, in the form of
stunted bushes, G. D.

* It is now generally admitted that there is only one British
species.

156 LX. CUPULIFERAE. [Quercus.

A.—On the Buchan coast; about Ballater and
Castleton ; on the Pannanich cliffs, at the altitude
above mentioned, G. D.

B.—Den at Linhead, Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. Corytus. HAZEL.

1. C. Avellana, Linn. (Common Hazel. )

Perennial. Flowers, February to April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1400 feet.

Woods and rocks. Generally diffused ; more fre-
quent in some parts of the interior. It is unnecessary
to specify localities for this well known plant. At
Corrymulzie Linn, near Castleton, I measured a trunk
of it, cut near the base, and found it 26 inches in
circumference ; the concentric layers were sixty in
number, which were mostly of uniform thickness, the
first six and the ten last were, however, rather thinner
than the others. The remains of this species are often
met with in bogs, the nuts being found entire, along
with the roots and branches of the parent trees on
which they grew.

OrpER LXI.—CONIFERAR.
1. Pinus. Fir.

1. P. sylvestris, Linn. (Scotch F.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 56°—59° ; 1500 to 2200 feet.

Truly wild examples of this tree are at present only
found in the interior of the district ; the numerous
remains found in peat bogs in many parts where it does
not now grow, indicate a more general distribution of
it in a former epoch. This remark applies not merely
to the lower parts, but also to the higher and more
inland localities. The stems of the plant are to be seen

Pinus. | LXI. CONIFERAE. 157

in peat mosses at high altitudes, where such trees can-
not grow at the present day. Mr. Watson (Cybele
Britannica, Vol. I. p. 419), alludes to a trunk with a
girth of 8 feet, at 550 yards of elevation, in Aberdeen-
shire, the upper limit of ji7 woods being at present
about 1950 feet, where the trees attain far less size.
In 1842, there existed in Mar Forest an example of
this tree, measuring in girth at the base, 22 feet 4
inches ; the age unknown. . In the same year I found
that some stumps of this species in the forest of Balach-
buie, having 120 annual zones, measured 8 feet in cir-
cumference at the base ; taking such as a standard, the
patriarch of the Mar Forest must have been more than
300 years old. The results of numerous observations *
lead to the conclusion, that the rate of growth of this
valuable tree continues steady up to 70 years, dimini-
shing from that period to 90 and upwards. In very
aged trees the annual zones near the outside of the
trunk are very thin, and not easily counted. A remark-
able distortion of the trunks of the Scotch Fir occurs
in some localities ; the stems present the most fantastic
shapes, and the letter S represents a form frequently
assumed. Such effect is usually supposed to be pro-
duced by the drifting of snow upon the trees when
young, and while their stems are still slender and
flexible. In the upper parts of Glen Quoich, the
numerous dead and bleached stems of the Scotch Fir
have a very remarkable spiral twist in the wood ; it is
probable that this is owing merely to the continued
action of eddy winds upon the trees during their whole
life. Such spiral arrangement of the wood is not a
natural structure. It has been observed also in the
forests of North-eastern Europe, and I believe the same
explanation given.

* Yor details the reader is referred to a paper ‘“‘On the Forest
Trees of Aberdeenshire,” published in the Scottish Quarterly Jour-
nal of Agriculture, March, 1843.

158 LXI. CONIFERAE. [ Juniperus.

2. JUNIPERUS. JUNIPER.

1. J. communis, Linn. (Common J.)

Perennial. Flowersin May. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2600 feet.

Woods, heaths, rocks. Generally diffused, but rather
local along the coast.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ,
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in Hazlehead woods, G. D ;
Normandyke, Culter, Dr. J. Smith ; Midmar woods,
Mr. Barron. Abundant about Ballater and Castleton.
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Forman Hill, Rev. J. Abel.

Var. B, nana. On the Khoil at Ballater ; abun-
dant on Morven ; also in Braemar, G. D. Wells of
Dee, Mr. Croall.

B.—Rocks at Bridge of Alvah, and about Dunlugas,
sparingly, Rev. Dr. Todd ; at Cullen, Mr. Carmichael ;
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

CLASS II.

MONOCOTYLEDONOUS, OR ENDOGENOUS
FLOWERING PLANTS.

PARED AOD ees

Sub-Class 1—PETALOIDEAE.
OrpDER LXII.—ORCHIDACEAE.

1. Mauaxis. Boc-Orcuis.

1. M. paludosa, Sw. (Bog O.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British ?
type. Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 200 to 1600
feet.

Malaxis. | LXII. ORCHIDACEAE. 159

Boggy places. Very rare ; perhaps often overlooked
owing to its small size.

K.—By the Burn of Bingley, Strachan, a little
below the high road, Dr. Stephen ; more abundant in
a large marsh half-a-mile south of the above station,
Mr. Sutherland.

A.—In bogey places by the side of the foot-path
leading from Altguisach Cottage to Lochnagar, Mr.
Barron. I possess specimens from this locality, the
estimated height of which is that above mentioned.
The measured height of Altguisach is about 1360 feet ;
the station of this plant is at least 200 feet higher. At
Linn of Dee, Dr. 8. Ogilvie.

2. Epipactis. HELLEBORINE.

1. E. latifolia, Sw. (Broad-leaved H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britam, 50°—59° ; 300
to 800 feet 4
Woods and shady places. Very rare in this district.
A.—In a wood west from Loch of Skene, and
woods at Cluny, Mr. Cow.
B.—Craighalkie, Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray” ;
banks of the river at Inchrory, parish of Kirkmichael,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.

3. ListeRA. ‘TWAY-BLADE.

1. L. ovata, Brown. (Common T.)

Perennial. Flowers, May to July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—59° ; 50 to 1000 feet.

Woods and moist pastures. Rare.

K.—In a wood at Balmakewan, 600 yards south
from the Free Church at Cross-roads, Dr. Simpson ; in
a small wood a little west from the house of Heathcot,
in Banchory-Devenick, G. D.; at Kingcausie, Mr.
Gamnue.

160 LXII. ORCHIDACEAE. [ Listera.

A.—On the ascent to the farm of Lin Mui from the
saw-mill in Glen Muick, Mr. Mackay and G. D. Very
rare in Cromar ; and near Huntly, Mr. Sutherland.

B.—Craighalkie, near Tomintoul, “Flora of Moray.”

2. L. cordata, Brown. Heart-leaved T.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Scottish type,
(or Highland). Range in Britain, 51°—60° ;
coast line to 1700 feet.

In woods and among heath. Very general and
abundant, so much so that it will be necessary to indi-
cate but a few of the many stations.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
with L. ovata at Balmakewan, Dr. Simpson; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; about Caerloch, in Strachan,
Dr. Stephen ; among long heather on the hills at Nige,
Geb:

A.—Near Aberdeen, on Scotston moor; wood at
Denmore ; woods by the Skene road, west from Robs-
law quarry, &. G. D. Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron. In
the interior at Pannanich ; and on the Craig of Lin
Mui, near Ballater; at Castleton, Braemar, G. D.
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ;
woods of Knockespock, in great profusion, Rey. J.
Minto ; in woods at foot of Forman Hill, in Forgue,

rev. J. Abel; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray; parish of King

Edward, Stat. Account.

B.—Frequent in fir woods in parish of Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd ; abundant in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4. GooDYERA. GOODYERA.

1. G. repens, Brown. (Creeping Gt.)

Perennial. Flowers in August and September. Scottish
type. Range in Britain, 56°—58° ; 50 to 1000
feet.

Old fir woods. Abundant, and like Zrientalis and

Goodyera. | LXII. ORCHIDACEAE. 161

Linnaea, very generally diffused ; the three species are
often associated.

K.—Fir woods of Balmakewan, parish of Marykirk,
Dr. Simpson ; woods of Inglismaldie, Mr. Croall ;
woods at Nether-Banchory and Kingcausie, G. D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

' A.—Near Aberdeen, woods at Scotston ; Denmore ;
Parkhill ; Hazlehead ; by the Skene road, west from
Robslaw quarry ; and near Loch of Skene, G. D. In
the forest of Ballachbuie, west from Balmoral, Mr.
Croall ; Gallowhill wood, Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Mony-
musk, Mr. Cow ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; woods
ef Knockespock, Rev. J. Minto ; Bourtie woods, Rev.
J. Abel ; parish of King Edward, Stat. Account.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; abundant in Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

5. OrcHis. ORcHIS.

1. O. maseula, Linn. (Early purple O.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 300 feet 1

Woods and pastures. Very local in this district,
and apparently confined to the lower parts.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Den Fenella ; St. Cyrus cliffs ; and moor between the
Feugh and Blackness, Strachan, Dr. Stephen. Above
the quarry at Stonehaven, and on the coast northward,
G. D.; at Kingcausie, Mr. Gammie ; birch wood at
Durris, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

A.—In the wood at the old Bridge of Don, G. D. ;
at Peterculter, Professor Macgillivray ; in Leochel Cush-
nie, Mr. Sutherland ; at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, but not common, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2. O. latifolia, Linn. (Marsh O.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.

Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 600
feet.

M

162 LXII. ORCHIDACEAE. [Orchis.

Marshy places. Frequent and general in different
parts of the district, from the coast line to the interior.

3. O. maculata, Linn. (Spotted palmate O.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3000 feet.
Natural pastures and heaths. Very frequent, and
in all parts of the district.

6. GYMNADENIA. GYMNADENIA.

1. G. conopsea, Brown. (Fragrant G.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2000
feet.
Natural pastures and heaths. Frequent in most
parts of the three counties.

7. HABENARIA. HABENARIA.

1. H. viridis, Brown. (Green H.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or Scottish). Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast
to 2500 feet.

Natural pastures and rocks. Frequent in the dis-
trict, yet far from common.

K.—St. Cyrus’ sands, plentiful, Mr. Croall; on
moor of Benholme, and near Kirk of Garvock, Dr.
Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams; upper part
of Den of Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in the links, north from the
Coast-guard station at Don-mouth ; on serpentine rocks
by the Udny road, near Meadowbank, G. D. About
Ballater, Mr. R. Mackay. Near the top of the hill, west
from Linn of Quoich, at Castleton ; and on the rocks
in Glen Callater, G. D. On Little Craigendall, Mr. R.
Mackay. In Clatt; Strathdon ; and Rhynie, Rev. J.
Minto. Sands of Forvie ; and links of Foveran, Mr.

Habenaria.] LXII. ORCHIDACEAE. 163

Cow. In Cruden ; links of St. Fergus and Strathbeg,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—At Rosyburn, in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; rare
in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. H. albida, Brown. (Small white H.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 52°—61° ; coast line to 1900
feet ?
Natural pastures. Very local.

K.—Plentiful on the moor below Blackness, Strac-
han ; coast one and a-half miles south of Muchalls, Dr.
Stephen. Upper part of the Den of Kingcausie, G. D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Den of Maidencraig, on the Skene road, four
miles west from Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant ; about Bal-
later, Mr. Croall ; at the base of Ben Macdui, Mr. R.
Mackay ; in Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Auchin-
doir, Rev. J. Minto ; Cruden, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

3. H. bifolia, Brown. (Lesser H.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britam, 50°—59° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

Moist pastures, &c. Generally diffused, but be-
coming less frequent in the most inland parts. The
highest locality known to me is at Castleton, Braemar,

in the birch wood at the Manse, where it was observed
by Mr. Croall.

4. H. chlorantha, Babington. (Great H.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—59°; 80
feet above sea level.

Pastures and woods. Very rare.

K.—In the wood on north side of the avenue to
Maryculter House, G. D.

164 LXUI. IRIDACEAE. [Ivis,

OrpER LXITI.—IRIDACEAE.
l. Ints. Inis. 3

1. L. Pseudacorus, Linn. (Yellow water I.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 500 feet.
Wet meadows. Frequent in the lower parts of the
district, less so toward the interior ; grows in Premnay,
Alford, and Rhynie, but is not in the lists of Corgarff
and Mortlach plants.

OrpDER LXIV.-—TRILLIACEAE.
I. Paris. HeERB-ParRis.

1. P. quadrifolia, Linn. (Common H.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. JBritish type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 50
to 300 feet.
Moist woods. Very local and rare.

K.—Dens of Morphy and Fenella, Stat. Account ;
Corbie Den, Kingcausie, where it was first found by
Dr. D. Skene, in 1767.

A.—Woods at Craibstone, near Aberdeen, Rev. Dr.
Smith, late of Chapel of Garioch ; woods of Kemnay,
east of the house, Rev. J. Abel.

ORDER LX V.—LILIACEKAE.
1. AcRapHis. HYAcINTH.

1. A. nutans, Link. (Wild H.)

Perennial. Flowers, April to June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 200 feet.

Agraphis. | LXV. LILIACEAE, 165

Shady places. Very local, and chiefly confined to
the lower parts of the district.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan; Hazel
thicket at Collie’s Heugh, Glen of Dye, Strachan, Dr.
Stephen.

A.—WNear Aberdeen, in Den of Robslaw ; banks of
the Dee ; wood beside the old Bridge of Don, G. D.
Aberdour, Rey. G. Gairdner.

B.—Among the rocks and steep banks below Bridge
of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

2 “Areiom. GARTIC:

1. A. vineale, Linn. (Crow G.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. English type, (or British).
Range in Britain, 50°-—58°; 20 to 150 feet.
Shady places. Very rare.
K.—St. Cyrus’ cliffs, and Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen.
A.—Near Aberdeen, in the wood at the old Bridge
of Don, where it was found by Dr. D. Skene nearly
100 years ago.

2. A. ursinum, Linn. (Broad-leaved G.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line.
Moist and shady places. Very local.

iK.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Den Fen-
ella, at the foot of the stair below the water-fall, Dr.
Stephen ; Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—Den of Robslaw ; wood at the old Bridge of
Don, G. D. Den of Auchmedden, Rev. G. Gairdner,
where it was also found by Dr. D. Skene.

B.—Formerly near Rannas ; also at Woodside, Mr.
Carmichael.

SE ONCIEUA, » SOULE I

1. 8. verna, Huds. (Vernal S.)

166 LXVI. MELANTHACEAE. [ Tofeldia.

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. Atlantic type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line.
Maritime pastures. Very local.
A.—Coast near Fraserburgh, G. D.

B.—Cliffs at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner ; sea-braes
at Banfi, Mr. G. C. Smith.

OnpeR LX VI.—MELANTHACEAE.
l. TorreLtpia. Scottish ASPHODEL.

1. T. palustris, Hudson. (Mountain S. A.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 54°—59°; 1300 to
2400 feet.

Alpine marshes. Rather local, and confined to the
mland and higher parts.

A.—About the south margin of Loch Callater, Rev.
J. Brichan ; wet rocks, head of Glen Callater, G. D. ;
at a considerable elevation on Cairn Drochet, near
Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ; Ber-a-Buird and Ben Mac-
dui, Mr. R. Mackay ; in Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

OrpvER LX VII.—JUNCACEAE,
1. Juncus. Rusu.

1. J. effusus, Linn. (Soft R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1950 feet.

Marshy places. Frequent and general.

2. J. conglomeratus, Linn. (Common R.)

Perennial. Flowersin July. JBritish type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1900 feet.

Funcus. | LXVIL. JUNCACEAE. 167

Marshy ground. Frequent ; I have seen both upon
Morven at 1900 feet.

3. J. glaucus, Ehrh. (Hard R.) *
Perennial. Flowers in July. English type, (or Bn-

tish). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast line.

Wet and shady places. Very rare.

K.—Den of Canterland, abundant, Mr. Croall ; at
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—At Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

4. J. Balticus, Willd. (Baltic R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 56°—59° ; coast to 100 feet.

Marshy shores, &. Rare and local.

A.—Margin of the Loch of Park, south side, Dr.
Adams ; marsh upon the coast, a mile north of Don-
mouth, Mr. Cow; Mr. C. also discovered it in the
Cruden links. Coast near Fraserburgh, G. D. ; links
at Rattray head, Mr. A. Murray.

d. J. filiformis, Linn. (Thread R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Intermediate
type, (or Scottish). Range in Britain, 54°—#5° ;
coast line.

Stony margins of lakes. Very rare.

K.—Stony margin of Loch Loirston, three miles
south of Aberdeen ; two miles from the sea, and 250
feet above its level, 1850, G. D.

6. J. maritimus, Smith. (Lesser Sea R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line.

Marshes by the sea. Very rare.

* J. diffusus, Hoppe; reported as found in Kincardine, is con-
sidered as a mere variety of J. glaucus.

168 LXVII. JUNCACEAE. [ Juncus.

K.— Marshy places near the sea, at Muchalls,
where I have seen several patches of it. First observed
by Dr. Murray, author of the “ Northern Flora.”

7. J. acutiflorus, Ehrh. (Sharp flowered R.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200
feet.
Bogs and marshes. Frequent and general.

8. J. lamprocarpus, Ehrh. (Shining-fruited R.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61; coast line to 2400
feet.
Marshy places. Frequent and general. It occurs

on the Callater Rocks at the elevation above mentioned,
Colby

9. J. uliginosus, Sibth. (Lesser Bog R.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2400
feet.

Bogs and pools. Frequent and general. It occurs
on Morven at the elevation above mentioned, G. D.

10. J. castaneus, Smith. (Clustered Alpine R.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—57°; 2000 to
2400 feet.
Ledges of dripping rocks. Very rare.
A.—Rocks, head of Glen Callater, near the water-
ALE (Es 10)

11. J. trifidus, Linn. (Trifid R.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—59°; 2200 to
4300 feet.

Gravelly and stony places. Confined to the higher
and inland districts.

Juncus. | LXVII. JUNCACEAE. 169

A.—By the side of the horse-path—its highest
point—on the west shoulder of Mount Keen ; Loch-
nagar, from 2400 feet to the summit ; on the Callater
Rocks, G. D. Little Craigendall; Ben Avon ; summit
of Ben-a-Buird, very fine, 9 to 10 inches in length ;
Braeriach, Mr. R. Mackay. Near the summit of Ben
Macdui ; and top of the Buck of the Cabrach, (2300
feet,) G. D. I have not found it on Mount Battock
nor on Morven.

B.—On Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay.

12. J. compressus, Jacq. (Round-fruited R.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. JBritish type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line.

Marshy places near the sea. Frequent along the
coast line only.
a K.—Not uncommon from Stonehaven to Aberdeen,
Cae:

A.—Old-town Links; banks of the river Ythan,
near the sea, G. D.

13. J. bufonius, Linn. (Toad R.)

Annual. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200 feet.

Watery places. Frequent, and generally diffused.
Occurs in Corgarff and Mortlach.

14. J. squarrosus, Linn. (Heath R.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2300
feet.

Natural pastures. Very frequent, and widely diffu-
sed. It grows on Lochnagar at the altitude above
mentioned.

15. J. biglumis, Linn. (Two-flowered R.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland

type. Range in Britain, 56°—58° ; 2400 to ?

170 LXVII. JUNCACEAE. [-Juncus.

Alpine bogs. Very rare and local.

A.—I have gathered only a few specimens on the
rocks beside the water-fall, at the head of Glen Cal-
later, G. D.

B.—On Cairngorm, G. and D. Don, (“Flora Scot-
tica.’’)

16. J. trigdumis, Linn. (Three-flowered R.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland

type. Range in Britain, 53°—61°; 1200 to
2400 feet.

Alpine bogs. Rather local and rare ; confined to
the higher and inland parts, but often plentiful im
certain places.

A.—In the marsh south-west from the “ Invercauld
Arms,” at Castleton ; on the Callater Rocks ; and on
Ben Macdui, G. D. Little Craigendall and Braeriach,
Mr. Rh. Mackay.

2. Luzuta. Woop-Russ.

1. L. sylvatica, Bich. (Great hairy W.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2500
feet.
Woods and shady rocks. Frequent and general.
2. L. pilosa, Willd. (Broad-leaved hairy W.)
Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1250
feet.
Woods and shady banks. Frequent and general.
3. L. campestris, Br. (Field W.)
Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3000 feet.
Natural pastures, &c. Common and generally dif-
fused. Is among the few plants on the summit of Mor-

Luzula.] LXVII. JUNCACEAE. 171

ven nearly 3000 feet; and grows on Ben-a-Buird at
the same elevation.

4. L. arcuata, Hook. (Curved mountain W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—59° ; 3700 to 4320 feet.

Gravelly and stony places at high elevations.

A.—Near the summit of Lochnagar, first observed
by Professor Balfour ; my former pupil, Mr. R. Mac-
kay, has also gathered it in this locality. Braeriach,
Mr. R. Mackay ; summit of Ben Avon, but sparingly,
Mr. Sutherland ; Ben Macdui, rather abundant, and
one of the few plants on the summit, G. D.

B.—On Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay.

d. L. spicata, De Cand. (Spiked Mountain W.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range

in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1150 to 4300 feet.

Alpine rocks. Confined to the interior, and chiefly
on the higher ranges.

A.—Upon the large boulders by the road-side be-
tween Bridge of Invercauld and Castleton, G. D.; I
believe it was first observed there by Mr. Watson. On
Lochnagar ; very fine on the Callater Rocks ; on ben
Macdui, G. D. Little Craigendall ; Ben-a-Buird ; Ben
Avon ; Braeriach, Mr. R. Mackay.

B.—Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay; on Belrinnes,
“Flora of Moray.”

3. NARTHECIUM. Boc-ASPHODEL.

1. N. ossifragum, Huds. (Bog-Asphodel.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 3200
feet.
Bogs and wet moors. Abundant and general.

172 LXVIII, ALISMACEAE. [Alisma.

OrvDER LXVIII.—ALISMACEAE.
1. Auisma. Water PLANTAIN.

1. A’ Planiago, Linn.) (Great W. P.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 500
feet ?

Ditches, lakes, &c. Frequent in the lower parts of
the district, less so in the intermediate, and, so far as I
am at present aware, wanting in the more Highland
parts, with the exception of Mortlach, where it is very
rare.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; Mill-dam below Kirk of St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; marshes
at Maryculter, G. D.

' A.—Near Aberdeen, in Dam of Gilcomston ; dam
north from old Bridge of Don, G. D. Loch of Skene,
Mr. Barron ; east end of Loch of Park, Dr. Stephen ;
ditches by the den at Morison’s Suspension Bridge,
Mr. Sutherland.

B.—In ponds, Deveron-side, Rey. Dr. Todd ; rare
in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. A. ranunculoides, Linn. (Small W. P.)

Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
range in britain, 50°—58° ; coast line.
Marshy places. Very rare—only one station known
to me.

A.—By the margin of Loch Strathbeg, parish of
Crimond, Mr. Cow ; I have gathered the -plant there,
associated with Anagallis tenella.

Triglochin. | LXIX. JUNCAGINACEAE. 173

OrvDER LXIX.—JUNCAGINACEAE.

1. TrigLocH1n. ARROW-GRASS.

1. T. Palustre, Linn. (Marsh A.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. British type.
Range in Britaim, 50°—61° ; coast to 2050 feet.
Wet meadows, &c. Though widely diffused, yet
more frequent in the lower districts.
2. T. maritimum, Linn. (Sea-side A.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Brita, 50°—61°; coast line only.
Marshes near the sea. Frequent along the whole
coast.

ORDER LXX.—TYPHACEAE.

1. SPARGANIUM. BUR-REED.

1. S. ramosum, Huds. (Branched B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 500 feet.

Ditches and pools. Not unfrequent, and rather
general in the district.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Arbuth-
not, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, abundant in ditches at the
brick-work in the Old-town Links, G. D. ; Upper
Drumnahoy, in Cluny, Mr. Barron; Alford, Rev. J.
Farquharson ; Auchindoir, Rev. J. Minto ; in Cruden,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Loch Park, in
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. S. simplex, Huds. (Unbranched B.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range
in Britain, 50°-—58° ; 60 to 500 feet.

174 LXX. TYPHACEAE. [Sparginum.

- Ditches and pools. Rather rare and local.

K.—Moss of Arnhall, Mr. Croall; Den of Jack-
stone, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; ditch in the wood at
the north side of the avenue to Maryculter House, Dr.
A. Fleming.

A.—Ditches at Braediach moss, in parish of Skene ;
and at Loch of Skene, G. D. In Alford, Dr. Murray ;
in parish of Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
3. 8. natans, Linn. (Floating B.)

Perennial. Flowers in August. British type.. Range
in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1600 feet.

In lakes and bog pools. Frequent, and generally
diffused.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; marsh
above Kirk of Garvock, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuthnot, Mr.
Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Scotston bogs ; Braediach
moss, in Skene, G. D. In Glen Clunie, at Castleton,
Mr. J. T. Syme ; in Loch Callater, G. D. ; bogs at
the base of Ben Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay ; in Burn of
Cluny, Mr. Barron ; in Alford, Dr. Murray ; in peat
bogs, parish of Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; at Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

4. 8. minimum, Bauh. (Small B.)
Perennial, Flowers in July. British type, (or Scot-
tish). Range in Britain? Local at 50 feet.
In bog pools. Very rare ?
A.—In the moss at Farm of Fyfe, in Belhelvie, six
miles north from Aberdeen, G. D. It is possible that

some of the stations for S. natans may belong to this
species.

Lemna. LXXI.» PISTIACEAE. Lz

or

OrDER LX XI.—PISTIACEAE.
1. Lemna. DucKWEED.

1. L. minor, Linn. (Lesser D.)

Annual. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 500 feet.

Stagnant waters. Frequent, especially in the lower,
rare in the intermediate parts, and apparently absent
in the most inland, excepting Mortlach, where, how-
ever, it 1s rare.

K.—Arbuthnot ; abundant in Nigg, &e. &e.

A.—Not unfrequent at Aberdeen, Alford, Clatt,
Cruden.

B.—Alvah ; in Mortlach, but rare.

2. L. trisulea, Linn. (Ivy-leaved D.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—57°; 150
to 500 feet ?

Stagnant waters. Very rare.
K.—Mill-dam at Stone of Morphy, Mr. Croail.
5.—In Mortlach, very rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

OrpER LX XII.—NAIADACEAKE.
1. PoTAMOGETON. PONDWEED.

1. P. pectinatus, Linn. (Fennel-leaved P.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line only.

Lakes and ponds. Very rare and local.
A.—In the small lakes in the Old-town Links,

north from the Broadhill, G. D. ; at St. Fergus, Stat.
Account.

176 LXXII. NAIADACEAE. [ Potamogeton.

2. P. pusillus, Linn. (Small P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 500 feet.

In pools and ditches. Rather local, and apparently
more frequent in the lower districts.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane. Benholme;
Mill-dam, Brotherton ; Sooty Wells, near Kirk of Gar-
vock, Dr. Stephen. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ;
Maryculter, below ninth mile-stone, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Ditches at Stocket, near Aberdeen ; Loch of
Park, G. D. Balfluig moss, in Alford, Rev. J. Minto.
In parts of Huntly, Drumblade, and Forgue, Rev. J.
Abel. |

B.—Ponds on Haughs of Clayfolds, Alvah, Rev.
Dr. Todd.

3. P. gramineus, Linn. (Grassy P.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. English type, (or British).

Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200 to 400 feet ?

In lakes. Very rare and local in this district.

K.—Abundant in Loch of Park, twelve miles west
from Aberdeen, G. D.

A.—Loch of Auchlossan, in Lumphanan, Dr. Mur-
ray.

4, P. crispus, Linn. (Curled P.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—59°; 50
to 200 feet ?

Ditches and rivers, &c. Very local in the district.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in Gilcomston Dam, and the
rivulet running from it ; in a mill-dam north from new
Bridge of Don, G. D. In the river Ythan, Dr. Murray ;
in the Buchan district, Mr. Cow; at Laithers, near
Turriff, Dr. Shier.

3.—In Deveron, Rev. Dr. Todd.

Potamogeton] LXXIIl. NAIADACEAE. LU

5. P. perfoliatus, Linn. (Perfoliate P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; 50 to 400 feet 2

Ditches and lakes. Rather local.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
parish of Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall; Loch of
Park, G. D.

A.—In Corbie Loch, and Loch of Skene, G. D. ;
in the river Don, Dr. Murray ; and in the river Phil-
orth, near the bridge, Dr. Murray ; at Laithers, near
Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—Parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in the Deve-
ron, at Forglen House, Mr. G. C. Smith ; in Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

6. P. praelongus, Wulf. (Long-stalked P.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type, (or Inter-

mediate). Range in Britain, 51°—58°; 600 to
1600 feet ?

In lakes. Very rare.

A.—In Loch Cannor, west from Aboyne, Dr. Mur-
ray. I believe that it also grows in Loch Callater, but
this locality is recorded for the present as rather doubt-
ful, G. D.

7. P. lucens, Linn. (Shining P.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200
to 1100 feet.

In lakes and streams. Rather local.

K.—In parish of Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—In the river Muick, above the Linn, G. D. ;
in the river Don, Dr. Mitchell ; Balfluig moss, Alford,
Dr. Murray ; Laithers, near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—In the Deveron, Mr. G. C. Smith.

8. P. heterophyllus, Schreb. (Various leaved P.)
N

178 LXXII. NAIADACEAE. [ Potamogeton.

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 150
to 1600 feet.

In lakes. Rather local.

K.—Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams ; Loch of Park,
abundant, G. D.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in the Corbie Loch, G. D. ;
in Lumphanan and at Kincardine O’Neil, Dr. Murray ;
in Loch Callater, G. D.; in Loch of Skene, Mr. Bar-
ron ; at St. Fergus, Stat. Account.

9. P. lanceolatus, Smith. (Lanceolate P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 51°-—61°? 100 to 300 feet 2

Lakes and pools. Very local.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
Loch of Leys, Dr. Adams ; Loch of Park, G. D.

A.—Formerly in the Aberdeen Canal; Corbie Loch,
and Loch of Skene, G. D.

B.—In the Deveron, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in parish of
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

10. P. rufescens, Schrad. (Reddish P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. SBritish type. Range in
Britain, 50°—59° ; 100 to 400 feet ?

Lakes and streams. Very local.

A.—Formerly in great profusion in the Aberdeen
Canal, G. D. ; in different parts of the river Don, and
in the Corbie Loch, near Aberdeen, Dr. Murray ; in
the river Gaddie, at Premnay, Rev. Dr. Smith; Laithers,
near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—Rare in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

11. P. oblongus, Viv. (Oblong-leaved P.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1900 feet ?

Ruppia. ] LXXII. NAIADACEAE. 179

In shallow pools. Probably general. This—if it
be a good species—is so generally confounded with the
next, that perhaps some of the localities for the one
may belong to the other. PP. oblongus I believe to be
the one which sometimes occurs at considerable height
in the interior, as on the table land above Pannanich,
&e.

12. P. natans, Linn. (Sharp -fruited broad-
leaved P.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 400
feet ?

Stagnant waters and slow streams. Probably gen-
eral. A species under this name is reported from all
parts of the district ; as already stated, some of the
localities may really refer to P. oblongus; my own
specimens, found at Aberdeen, belong to this species.

2.. Ruppta..- RUPPIA.

1. R. maritima, Linn. (Sea R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast only.
Salt water pools and ditches. Rare.
Var. B, rostellata.

K.—Near Bervie, “ Northern Flora.” Salt marshes
at Torry farm, south side of Aberdeen harbour, this
species was discovered here by Rev. J. Minto, in 1849.

B.—At the mouth of the Deveron at Banff, Mr.
Thomas Edwards. *

* Zostera marina, Linn. I have seen cast up on the beach at
Aberdeen, but have no record of it in situ. The specimens were
doubtless drifted from a distance. The estuary of the Ythan is the
place most likely to yield it in this district.

180 LXXIII, CYPERACEAE. [Schenus.

Sub-Class Il.—GLUMACEAE,
OrpvER LX XIII.—CYPERACEAE.
1. Scoa@nus. BocG-Rusu.

1. S. nigricans, Linn. (Black B.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1600 feet.
Wet moors and in marshes. Very local.

K.—In a wet hollow at the base of the sea cliffs
opposite to Finnan, G. D.

A.—Abundant in the bog opposite to Scotston
House, near the north-west corner of the wood at
Denmore, G. D. ‘By the side of the Udny road, seven
miles north from Aberdeen. In Glen Muick, G. D.
Near Ballater, and in Glen Callater, Mr. R. Mackay.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.
2. RuyncospoRA. BEAK-RUSH.

R. alba, Vahl. (White B.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 700 to 1500 feet ?
Wet pastures and in bogs. Very rare.

K.—Bogs in Strachan, Stat. Account ; a large tutt
by the road half a-mile south of Bogendreep, Strachan,
1857, Mr. Sutherland.

A.—In Glen Muick, near Ballater ; and at the base
of Ben-a-Buird and Ben Avon, Mr. R. Mackay. Hill
of Clock-farley, parish of King Edward, Mr. Thomas
Edwards.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L, Stewart.

3. Brysmus. BuLysmus.

1. B. rufus, Link. (Narrow-leaved B.)

Blysmus. | LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. 18]

Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 53°—61° ; coast line.

Marshy spots near the sea. Rather local, but along
the whole coast line.

K.—Coast at Brotherton, near Johnshaven, “ Nor-
thern Flora.” Coast north from Stonehaven at Garron
Point ; and near Portlethen, G. D.

A.—Formerly in the links at Aberdeen, north from
the Broadhill, and along with Carex incurva, Dy.
Murray ; Cruden coast, and at Ugie mouth, Mr. A.
Murray.

B.—Coast at Banff, Dr. Shier; links at Boyndie,
Mr. G. C. Smith.

4, KLEOCHARIS. SPIKE-RUSH.

1. E. palustris, Br. (Creeping S.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200
feet.

By ditches and in marshes. Generally diffused.
Var. B, uniglumis, Link. . In the links—north
from the Broadhill, Aberdeen—by the margin of the

south lake, G. D.

2. HE. multicaulis, Smith. (Many-stalked 8.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 200 feet ?

In marshy places. Rather local.

K.—St. Cyrus; Bervie, &c. Dr. Stephen. Marshes
at Bay of Nigg, G. D. ; at Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Bog at Smithyhill, Alford ; and at Kincardine
O'Neil, “ Northern Flora.” This species is probably
often mistaken for E. palustris ; hence the paucity of
stations in this district.

182 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. [Isolepis.

5. Isoueris. Mup-rusa.

1. L. fluitans, R. Br. (Floating M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 600
feet ?

Lakes and pools. Not very common.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; moss of
Forth, Garvock, Dr. Stephen ; in the marsh above the
Bay of Nigg ; and at Maryculter, near the house, G. D.
Loch of Leys, Dr. Adams.

A.— Marshes at Scotston and Hilton, G. D.; in
Bethelvie links, eight miles north from Aberdeen, Dr.
A. Fleming ; near ‘Aboyne, Stat. Account ; on the "Hill
of Fare, Mr. Barron ; Loch of Park, Dr. Stephen.

2. I. setacea, R. Br. (Bristle-stalked M.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1200
feet.
Moist gravelly places. Rather local.

K.—Frequent at St. Cyrus ; Garvock, &c. Dr. Ste-
phen. Marshes near new Church of Nigg; and near
Mill of Leggart, G. D. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Stocket moor, and in Bel-
helvie Links, G. D. ; Upper Drumnahoy, Cluny, Mr.
Barron ; by the west margin of Loch Cannor, and near
Ballater, G. D. ; in Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; in
Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; banks of the Spey,
in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

6. Scirpus. CLUB-RUSH OR BULL-RUSH.

1. 8. lacustris, Linn. (Lake C. or B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 100 to 600 feet.

Scirpus. ] LXXIII, CYPERACEAE. 183

Lakes and ponds. Very local.

K.—Lochs of Park and Leys, Dr. Adams.

A.—Corbie Loch, a few miles north from Aberdeen ;
and in the river Ythan below Ellon, G. D. Also in
the interior at Loch Cannor.

2.8. maritimus, Linn. (Salt-marsh C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line.
In salt marshes. Rare in this district.
K.—Mouth of the North Esk, and coast south of
Gourdon, Dr. Stephen.
A.—In Old-town Links, a little north-east from the
ae and estuary of the Ythan, near the sea,

3. S. sylvaticus, Linn. (Wood C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 350 feet ?
Moist woods and banks of rivers. Very local.

K.—Banks of the Burn of Beltie, near Glassel, Dr.
Adams.

A.—WNorth bank of the Don above the old bridge,
Mr. P. Macgillivray ; at Paradise, Monymusk, “ Nor-
thern Flora ;” banks of the Burn of Tarty, near New-
burgh, Dr. A. Fleming; north bank of the Ythan,
above the bridge at Ellon, G. D. ; banks of the Bogie,
below Manse of Huntly, “Northern Flora;” by the
river Gaddie, in Premnay, Rev. Dr. Smith ; in Buchan,
Mr. A. Murray. ~

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

4.8. pauciflorus, Lightf. (Few-flowered C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 1800
feet.

184 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. [Hriophorum.

Wet moors. Not unfrequent throughout the district.

K.— Marshes in Benholme ; Garvock ; Strachan,
Dr. Stephen. Banchory-Ternan, Rey. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in the Old-town Links, and
marshy places by the river Dee, G. D. ; on the Hill of
Fare, Mr. Barron ; in Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ;
in parish of Clatt, not unfrequent, Rev. J. Minto ; at
the south base of Morven, and in Glen Muick, two to
three miles from Ballater, G. D.

5. 8. caespitosus, Linn. (Scaly-stalked C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 3500
feet.
Moist moors and heaths. Abundant and general.

7. ERIOPHORUM. COTTON-GRASS.

1. E. vaginatum, Linn. (Hare-tail C.)

Perennial. Flowers in March and April. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; 100 to 2500 feet.

Bogs and moist moors. Widely diffused, but not a
common species.

K.—At Kirk of Garvock, Dr. Stephen ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; Nigg, G. D.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Corbie Loch; Braediach
moss, parish of Skene, and near Loch of Skene, G. D.
In Cluny, Mr. Barron; on Lochnagar, Ben Macdui,
&e. G. D. ; in Clatt and Tullynessle, Rev. J. Minto ;
at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray; in parish of Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—Marshy places near Moss-town, in Alvah, but
rare, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

2. E. angustifolium, Roth. (Narrow-leaved C.)

Perennial. Flowers in April and May. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 3500
feet.

Bogs and moors. Frequent and general.

Carex. | LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. 185
8. CAREX. CAREX OR SEDGE.

1. C. dioica, Linn. (Diccious C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Scottish type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—61"; 200
to 2300 feet ?

In spongy bogs. Generally diffused.

K.—Den of Canterland, Mr. Croall; bogs near
Church of Nigg, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J.
Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, on Stocket moor, and in the
Scotston moss, G. D. ; Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron ; at
Castleton, in the bog behind Craig Koynach, Mr.
Croall ; in Glen Callater, Mr. A. K. Clark ; in Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson; common in Clatt, Rev. J.
Minto.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
2. C. pulicaris, Linn. (Flea C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2000
feet.

In boggy places. Frequent and general.
K.—St. Cyrus ; Garvock ; Benholme, Dr. Stephen.

Bogs near new Church of Nigg ; marshes at head of

Corbie Den, Maryculter, G. D. Banchory-Ternan,
Rey. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, on Stocket moor ; at Scotston
bog, &e. G. D. Hill of Fare, and Gallowhill, Cluny,
Mr. Barron. North bank of Dee below Free Church,
Ballater ; on the Hill of Khoil ; Morven, &c. ; and in
Glen Callater, G. D. Lochnagar, Mr. R. Mackay ; in
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ;
Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

B.—Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.

186 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. [Carex.

3. C. rupestris, All. (Rock C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—58° ; 2000 to 2400 feet ?

Moist alpine rocks. Very local, but usually abun-
dant where it grows.

A.—At the waterfall, Glen Callater. On August 2,
1836, this plant was added to the British list, a few
specimens having been picked at that date. Some days
afterwards, when in company with my friend Dr. Tem-
pleton, it was found in great profusion. Little Craigen-
dall, first found there by Professor Balfour.

4, C. pauciflora, Lightf. (Few-flowered CU.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.

Range in Britain, 54°—59° ; 800 to 2000 feet.

Alpine moors. Local ; chiefly in the interior of the
district.

K.—Caerlock Hill, Strachan, and on Cairnmonearn,
Durris, Dr. Stephen ; east base of Clochnaben, Pro-
fessor Macgillivray; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—North side of Hill of Fare, (800 feet,) above
Midmar Castle, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; about Bal-
later, Mr. R. Mackay ; on Morven, Mr. Sutherland ;
Lochnagar, Dr. Greville ; Glen Callater, G. D. ; Ben
Macdui, Mr. Watson.

5. C. incurva, Lightf. (Curved C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 56°—61° ; coast line only.

Wet places near the sea. Very local and rare.

K.—Coast at Garron Point, north from Stonehaven ;
and also at Muchalls, G. D.

A.—In the Old-town Links by the side of a road
through the sand-hills a little north from the Broad-
hill, G. D. ; links of Strathbeg, Mr. A. Murray.

6. C. ovalis, Gooden. (Oval-spiked C.)

Carex. | LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. 187

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1250 feet.
Marshy places. Generally diffused.
K.—St. Cyrus; Durris; Strachan, Dr. Stephen.
Occasionally along the coast from Stonehaven to Aber-
deen, G. D. ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Stocket moor; banks of the Dee at the old
bridge, &c. &c. G. D. In Cluny, Mr. Barron ; Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; in Clatt,
Rey. J. Minto ; Aberdour, Rev. G. Gairdner.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

7. C. stellulata, Gooden. (Prickly-headed C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 2300 feet.

Marshy places. General in the district.

8. C. curta, Gooden. (White C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 3500 feet.

Spongy bogs. Rather local.

K.—Arbuthnot, rare, Mr. Chrystall.

A.—Near Aberdeen, formerly in Ferryhill moss ;
bog at north side of Corsehill, near Scotston; and
Braediach moss, in Skene, G. D. Moss at Leggerdale,
twelve miles west from Aberdeen, Mr. Barron ; Alford,
Rev. Dr. Farquharson; abundant in Clatt, Rev. J.
Minto ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

Var. B, Persoonit. Upon Lochnagar at 3500 feet,
G. 1:

B-—Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
9. C. leporina, Linn. (Hare’s-foot C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—58° ; 3560 feet.
Moist alpine rocks. Very rare.

188 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. [Curex.

A.—This plant was added to the British Flora on
6th August, 1836. Dripping rocks at the south-west
corner of the table top of Lochnagar, two to three
hundred feet below the top, G. D. ; on Cairntoul, Pro-
fessor Balfour.

10. C. remota, Linn. (Distant-spiked C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; local at 100 feet.
Moist shady places. Very rare.
K.—Corbie Den, Kingcausie, Dr. J. Smith.
11. C. Boenninghausiana, Weihe. (Boenninghau-
sen’s C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. Germanic type? Range
in Britain, 50°—58°.
Marshes, &c. Very rare.
B.—Culreach, near Gordon Castile, Mr. Stables.

12. C. teretiuscula, Gooden. (Less panicled C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 100 to 200 feet.

Marshy places. are.

A.—Moss on the north side of Corsehill, near Scots-
ton ; and marsh by the side of the Udny road, seven
miles north from Aberdeen, G. D. Scotston moss, Mr.
P. Macgillivray.

13. C. vulpina, Linn. (Great C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—58° ; coast only.

Moist shady places. are.

K.—Coast between Stonehaven and Aberdeen, at
Portlethen ; Finnan ; and the Cove, G. D.

A.— “In the Old-town Links,” Dr. D. Skene.

14. C. muricata, Linn. (Greater prickly C.)

Carex. | ‘LXXII, CYPERACEAE. 189

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°-—58° ; coast to 100 feet.

Gravelly places. Very local.

K.—St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; at Thornyhive, south
from Stonehaven, and between the latter and Port-
- lethen, to the north, G. D.

A.—North bank of the Dee, below the Manse of
Drumoak, G. D.

15. C. arenaria, Linn. (Sea C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
' Britain, 50°-—61° ; coast line.

Sandy sea-shore. Abundant in suitable localities
along the entire coast.

16. C. intermedia, Gooden. (Soft brown C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. English type, (or Bri-

tish). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast line.

Marshy places. Very rare.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Stat. Account ; at the base
of a steep grassy bank, a little south from Mill of
Muchalls, and close by the sea. It was first observed
here by the late Dr. Murray, where I have also
gathered it.

17. C. Vahlii, Schkh. (Close-headed alpine C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range

in Britain, 56°—57° ; about 2500 to 2700 feet.

Alpine rocks. Very rare.

A.—Head of Glen Callater, first found there by Dr.
Greville. I possess the plant as gathered by Mr. R.
Mackay upon scarcely accessible ledges of rock above
Loch Kander, Glen Callater.

18. C. atrata, Linn. (Black C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°-—58° ; 2500 to 3000 feet.
Alpine rocks, Rare and local.

190 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. © [Carex.

A.—Rocks west side of Lochnagar ; on the Callater
cliffs ; and from Loch Etichan—on Ben Macdui—
upwards, G. D.

19. C. vulgaris, Fries. (Common C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 2000
feet ?

Wet pastures and moors, &. Very general and
frequent. The height above mentioned—on Morven—
is the highest range of which I possess any record ; I
suspect it rises higher.

20. C. aquatilis, Wahl. (Straight-leaved Water C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland

type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°; 2800 to
3000 feet.

_Alpine bogs. Very local.

A.—Table land above Glen Callater, G. D.; fre-
quent in the streams and on the flats round the head
of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall ; Little Craigendall, Mr.
R. Mackay.

21. C. rigida, Gooden. (Rigid C.)
Perennial. Flowers, June to August. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—61° ; 2000 to 4320 feet.
Alpine pastures, &c. Confined to the inland and
higher parts, but very abundant there.

A.—Summit of Mount Battock ; Mount Keen ; top
of the Khoil, near Ballater ; in great profusion on the
table land about Loch Muick ; Lochnagar ; Glen Cal-
later, &c. &e. G. D.

B.—On Belrinnes, Dr. L. Stewart.

22. C. acuta, Linn. (Slender-spiked C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or English), Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 20 to
170 feet.

Carex. | LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. 191

Margins of rivers, &c. Very local.

K.—At Maryculter, Dr. A. Fleming ; by the Dee
at Banchory-Ternan, Rev J. Brichan.

A.—Near the old Bridge of Dee, Rev. J. Farquhar-
son ; margin of the river Don at Kettock’s mill; and at
Dyce ; by the river Ythan near Ellon, G. D.

23. C. saxatilis, Linn. (Russet C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—59 ; range in altitude ?

Alpine marshes. Very rare.

A.—Cairntoul, Professor Macgillivray in Natural
History of Deeside.

24. C. extensa, Gooden. (Long-bracteated C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line.
Marshes near the sea. Rare.

K.—Coast south of Gourdon, Dr. Stephen ; marsh
close by the sea near Garron Point, north from Stone-
haven, G. D.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner.
25. C. flava, Linn. (Yellow C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2000 feet.
Marshes and wet pastures. Abundant and general.
Var. B, Qéderi, Old-town Links, G. D.
26. C. fulva, Gooden. (Tawny C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 600 feet ?
Wet meadows. Rather local.
K.—Jackstone, St. Cyrus; Bervie ; Benholme, Dr.

Stephen. In Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, Stocket moor, and in the marsh

192 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE, [Carex.

opposite to the east avenue at Scotston, G. D.; dam at
Mill of Clatt, and marsh opposite the quarry at Auchin-
doir, Rev. J. Minto; in parish of Aberdour, Rev. G.
Gairdner.

27. C. distans, Linn. (Loose C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line.

Marshes near the sea. Very local.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Stat. Account ; along the
coast from Stonehaven northwards ; at the Cove among
loose stones close by the sea, G. D.

B.—Coast at Portsoy, “ Flora of Moray.”

28. C. binervis, Smith. (Gireen-ribbed C.)
Perennial. Flowersin June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 3000 feet.

Natural pastures and moors. Very general and
abundant.

29. C. laevigata, Smith. (Smooth-stalked C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in

Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 280 feet.

Marshy and shady places. Scarce and local.

K.—St. Cyrus, Mr. Cruickshank ; Banchory-Ter-
nan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Robslaw Den, Mr. R. Mackay; wood at
Countesswells, and at the old Bridge of Don, G. D. ;
Peter’s Braes, Peterculter, Rev. J. Farquharson ; Dru-
moak and Potarch, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

30. C. vaginata, Tausch. (Short brown-spiked C.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Highland type. Range

in Britain, 56°—59° ; 2500 to 3500 feet.

Alpine marshes. Confined to the inland and higher
parts, and there rather local.

A.—Rocks west side of Lochnagar, G. D. Little
Craigendall ; Cairntoul; Braeriach ; Ben Macdui ; Ben

Carex. | LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. 193

Avon; Ben-a-Buird, Mr. R. Mackay. Rocks above
Loch Kander, head of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

31. C. panicea, Linn. (Pink-leaved C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3700 feet.

Marshes and wet pastures. Generally diffused
through the district, and very frequent everywhere.

32. C. pallescens, Linn. (Pale C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1800 feet.

Moist shady places. Generally diffused, but not
common.

K.—Upper part of Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rey. J. Brichan.

A.—Banks of Don, above the old bridge, G. D. ;
by the Dee in several places, as at Drumoak, Mr. P.
Macgillivray ; by the road to Pannanich, near Bal-
later, Mr. Sutherland. North bank of the Dee opposite
the Free Church of Ballater; Linn of Muick ; Glen
Callater, &. G. D. Throughout the Braemar district
among the heath about the bases of the hills, and

occasionally in the valleys, Mr. Croall. Near Breda, in
Alford, Rev. J. Minto.

33. C. capillaris, Linn. (Dwarf capillary C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 54°—61° ; 1700 to 2500 feet.

Alpine pastures. Very local, and confined to the
inland and higher parts.

A.—Top of Craig Koynach, at Castleton, Braemar,
Mr. Gardiner and Mr. Croall ; in Glen Callater, near
the “break-neck fall,’ G. D.; on Little Craigendall,
Mr. R. Mackay.

34. C. rariflora, Smith. (Loose flowered C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—57° ; 2400 to 3500 feet.
O

194 LXXIM. CYPERACEAE. [Carex.

Alpine marshes. Mare, and confined to the higher
ranges.

A.—On Lochnagar, G. D.; in Glen Callater, on
the ascent to Canlochan, Mr. R. Mackay.

B.—Cairngorm, Rev. Mr. Fraser.
390. C. limosa, Linn. (Mud C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 51°—59° ; 500 to 1000 feet ?

Bogs and marshes. . Rare in this district.

A.—In a bog on the farm of Easter Auchmenie, in
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; it is now probably extirpated,
owing to drainage of the locality. In Corgarff, but
rare, Mr. Barron.

Var. B, irrigua. In amarsh at Loch-an-Yourn, near
Loch Builg, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

36. C. sylvatica, Huds. (Pendulous wood C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type, (or

English). Range in Brita, 50°—d8° ; range in
altitude ?

Moist woods. are, and as yet only found near
the coast line.

A.—Near Aberdeen, in Seaton woods, Dr. A. Fle-
ming.

37. C. pendula, Huds. (Great pendulous C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,

(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—d8° ; range
in altitude ?

Moist woods. Very rare.

K.—Den Fenella, Mr. Gardiner and Mr. Croall.

A.—At Laithers, near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Mr. T. Edwards.

38. C. glauca, Scop. (Glaucous Heath C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1900 feet.

Carex. ] LXXIIL CYPERACEAE 195

Moist meadows, &. Very frequent and general.

39. C. praecox, Jacq. (Vernal C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1800 feet.

Natural pastures. Rather general in the district,
but not a common plant.

K.—Kinceardineshire coast, Mr. Croall; at Jack-
stone, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; at Arbuthnot, Mr.
Chrystall ; in an open grassy hollow at the upper end
of Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—Old Aberdeen Links, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; on
the glebe at Peterculter, Rev. J. Farquharson ; in
Robslaw Den, Mr. R. Mackay. At Countesswells ; in
Glen Muick, on the ascent to Lochnagar, G. D. Craig
Koynach, at Castleton ; and abundant in grassy pas-
tures, Braemar, Mr. Croall In Alford, Rey. Dr. Far-
quharson ; at manse of Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; Laithers,
near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

40. C. pilulifera, Linn. (Round-headed C.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type, (or English).

Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast line to 3300
feet.

Heathy pastures. Very frequent and general.

41. C. jiliformis, Linn. (Slender-leaved C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May. Scottish type, (or Bri-
tish). Range in Britain, 92°—59° ; local at 600
feet ?
Boggy marshes. Very local and rare.
A.—Loch Cannor, at the east end, (1836,) G. D.

42. C. hirta, Linn. (Hairy C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 200
feet 1

196 LXXIII. CYPERACEAE. [Carex.

Wet pastures, &c. Rather local, and apparently
confined to the coast line chiefly.

K.—Den of Canterland, and bank of the north
Esk below stone of Morphy, Mr. Croall ; Arbuthnot,
Mr. Chrystall ; between Dunnottar and Stonehaven,
Dr. Stephen. Along the coast from Stonehaven to

Aberdeen ; at the boat harbour between Finnan and
Portlethen, G. D.

A.—In the wood above the old Bridge of Don, Mr.
P. Macgillivray ; banks of Millden Burn, Belhelvie,
near the sea, G. D.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner.

43. C. ampuliacea, Gooden. (Slender-beaked
Bottle C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 500 feet ?

Bogs and marshes. Rather general in this district.
It probably attains a higher altitude than that—ain
Alford—above mentioned.

44, C. vesicaria, Linn. (Short-beaked Bladder C.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to
200 feet.
Marshy places. Apparently very rare.

K.—South bank of the Dee at the bend below
Morison’s Suspension Bridge, and by a small stream
joing the river at the same place, Mr. P. Macgil-
livray ; banks of the Dee at Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams.

45. C. paludosa, Gooden. (Lesser common C.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast to 400 feet 4

Marshy places. Very rare.
K.—Marshes close by the sea, between Muchalls

Anthoxanthum. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 197

and Garron Point. I believe it was first observed by
Dr. Murray, author of “ Northern Flora.”

B.—In Mortlach, rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

46. C. riparia, Curtis. (Great common C.)
Perennial. Flowersin May. British type, (or English).

Range in Britain, 50°—48°; coast line to 400
feet.

By rivers, &ce. Rare in this district.

K.—At St. Cyrus, Stat. Account.

A.—Ythan river, near Ellon, and Loch of Skene,
Dr. Duncan, “ M‘Gillivray’s Aberdeen Flora ;” by the
Burn of Cluny, Mr. Barron.

B.—Near Birkenbog, Rey. G. Wilson.

OrpER LXXIV.—GRAMINEAE.

}=ANTHOXANTHUM. VERNAL-GRASS.

1. A. odoratum, Linn. (Sweet-scented V.)
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 3400 feet.
Woods and pastures. Abundant in all parts of the
district.
2. Narpus. Mat-crass.
1. N. stricta, Linn. (Common M.)
Perennial. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 3300 feet.
Natural pastures, &e. Abundant and general.

3. ALOPECURUS. FOX-TAIL-GRASS.
l. A. pratensis, Linn. (Meadow F.)
Perennial. . Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1260
feet.

198 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [ Alopecurus.
th

Pastures, &c. Frequent and general. Attains the
above elevation m Braemar.

2. A. alpinus, Smith. (Alpine F.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°— 58°; 2400 to
3900 feet.

By alpine streams. fare, and confined to the in-
land and higher ranges.

A.—Lochnagar, at C. leporina station, G. D.;
streams by Loch Kander, head of Loch Callater, Pro-
fessor Macgillivray ; Ben Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay ;
bBraeriach, Professor Macgillivray.

3. A. geniculatus, Linn. (Floating F.)
Perennial. Flowers, May to August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1200 feet.
By pools and in marshes. Frequent and widely
diffused.
4, PHALARIS. CANARY-GRASS.

1. P. arundinacea, Linn. Reed C.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 61°; coast line to 500
feet.

Sides of lakes and rivers. Frequent along the large
rivers of the district in the lower parts of their courses ;
apparently not so frequent in the interior. Reported
as rare in Mortlach.

5. AMMOPHILA. SEA-REED.

1. A. arundinacea, Host. (Common S. RB.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line.
Sandy sea-shores. Abundant in suitable localities
along the whole coast line.

Phileum.] LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 199

6. PHLEUM. CatT’s-TAIL-GRASS.

1. P. pratense, Linn. (Common C. or Timothy-
grass. )
Perennial. Flowers, June to September. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 500 feet.
Pastures, &c. Frequent ; reported as in most parts
of the three counties, but in some of the more inland
probably introduced by cultivation.
2. P. alpinum, Linn. (Alpine C.)
Perennial. Flowersin July. Highland type. Range
in Britain, 56°—58° ; 2400 to 3500 feet.
Alpine marshes. Rare, but often abundant where
it occurs.
A.—Lochnagar, with C. leporina and A. alpinus,
G. D. ; water-course above Loch Kander, head of Loch
Callater, Professor Macgillivray ; Ben Avon and Ben
Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay ; south side of Ben-a-Buird,
“ Northern Flora.”

Var. B, commutatum. Braeriach and Cairntoul,
Mr. R. Mackay.

3. P. arenarium, Linn. (Sea C.)

Annual. Flowers in May and June. English type, (or
British). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line
only.

Dry sandy places near the sea. Very rare.
K.—St. Cyrus’ sands, Mr. Croall.

A.—Formerly in the Old Aberdeen Links, G. D. ;
' inks of St. Fergus, Mr. Brand ; Strathbeg, Mr. Cow ;
links at Rattray-head, Mr. A. Murray.

7. Minium. MuILuLET-Grass.

1. M. effusum, Linn. (Spreading M. )
Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200
to 600 feet ?

200 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [Milium..,

Moist shady woods. Very rare.
K.—Shady bank below Arbuthnot House, Mr.
Chrystall.

A.—On the Barmekin, parish of Echt, Mr. Burnett ;
in the Buchan district, “ Northern Flora.”

8. CALAMAGROSTIS. SMALL-REED.

1. C. Epigejos, Roth. (Wood 8.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. English type, (or British).
Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 60 to 1000 feet.
Shady banks. Very rare.

A.—Upon a steep bank on the north margin of the
Dee, a little east from Manse of Drumoak; I have
often gathered it there, it is rather plentiful, and I
believe the late Dr. Murray first discovered 1, Near
Aboyne, Stat. Account ; at Loch Cannor, in Cromar,
Mr. Sutherland ; on a bank by the road-side on the
south side of the Dee leading through the forest of
Ballachbuie, some miles west from Balmoral. Though
not actually measured, data in the vicinity induce me
to estimate the height at 1000 feet.

9. AcRostis. BEnt-GRass.
1. A. canina, Linn. (Brown B.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 61°; coast line to 500
feet ?

Moist pastures and heaths. Abundant and general.
2. A. vulgaris, With. (Fine B.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2300
feet.

Natural pastures, &c. Frequent and general. In
the form usually of Var. pumila it is frequent at high
altitudes in the interior, as Mount Keen, Morven,

Agrostis] LXXIV. GRAMINEAE, 201

Lochnagar, Ben Macdui, and Buck of the Cabrach,
G2).

3. A. alba, Linn. (White B.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast lne to 600
feet.

Pastures and wastes. Rather widely diffused, but
less so, and not so common as the two preceding species,
ceasing also at a lower altitude.

K.—Arbuthnot ; Banchory-Ternan.

A.—Frequent about Aberdeen ; in Cluny, Alford,
Clatt, Aberdour.

B.—Alvah ; Mortlach.

10. CaraBRosa. WHORL-GRASS.

1. C. aquatica, Beauv. (Water W.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 500
feet.

Pools and banks of rivers. Rather local.

K.—St. Cyrus, Mr. Kerr ; marsh by the sea below
West Mathers, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; foot of Brae
of Comiston, Mr. Croall.

A.—In a ditch at the west side of Old Aberdeen
Links, south from the brick-work, G. D.; ditches in
the parish of Echt, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; Loch of
Skene, Rev. A. Mitchell; banks of the Ythan, Dr.
Murray ; in Cluny, Mr. Barron; Alford, Rev. Dr.
Farquharson ; ditch at Ford of Clatt, and marshes at
Newton of Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; ditch near Rothmaise,
parish of Rayne, Rey. J. Abel; links of St. Fergus,
Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Mortlach, but rare, Dr. L. Stewart.

Il. Atra. HarrR-cRass.
1. A. caespitosa, Linn. (Tufted H.)

202 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [ Aira.

Perennial. Flowers in June and J uly. British type.
Range in britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 3500
feet.

Moist pastures and wastes. Common.

2. A. alpina, Linn. (Smooth alpine H.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 56°—59° ; 3000 to 4100 feet.
Moist alpine rocks. Very local, and in the higher
parts only.

A.—On Lochnagar, Professor Macgillivray ; Ben
Avon, Mr. Croall ; Ben Macdui, G. D.

B.—Top of Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay.

3. A. flecuosa, Linn. (Waved H.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 3800 feet.
Natural pastures, heaths, &c. Abundant and gene-
ral. Frequent at high altitudes. Top of Mount Keen ;
Ben-a-Buird at 3600, and Lochnagar at 3800 feet.

4. A. caryophyllea, Linn. (Silvery H.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast line to 1400
feet.
Gravelly pastures, &e. Frequent and widely dif-
fused, occurring in very inland parts, as near Castleton,
at 1400 feet ; Corgarff, 1300 feet.

D. A. praecox, Linn. (Harly H.)

Annual. Flowers in May and June. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1700
feet.

Sandy pastures, &c. Frequent, and in very inland
parts, as Ballater; head of Loch Muick ; Corgarff.
Occurs on summit of Bennachie.

Molinia. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 203

12. Mourmta. Motintia.

1. M. caerulea, Meench. (Purple M.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2500 feet.

Moors and woods, &c. Frequent, but not a common
plant.

K.—Benholme ; Garvock ; Strachan ; Durris ; coast
at Portlethen and Finnan ; Banchory-Ternan.

A.—Woods of Hazlehead ; Midmar; in Alford ;
Clatt ; Bourtie; Corgarff. Frequent on the higher
ranges in the interior, as Ben Macdui, &c. ; and inland
glens, Garrawalt, Glen Lui, &c.

B.—In Alvah ; Mortlach ; Binhill, Cullen ; Banff
parish.

13. Metica. MELIc-GRaAss.

1. M. nutans, Linn. (Mountain M.)

Perennial. Flowers in May and June. Scottish type.
Range in Britain, 51°—58° ; 100 to 1600 feet.

‘Woods and shady rocks. Rare in the lower parts
of the district, more frequent inland.

K.—Corbie Den, Kingcausie, very rare, G. D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.—North bank of the Dee below the Free Church
at Ballater ; Craigendarroch ; the Garrawalt ; Corry-
mulzie, G. D. The Carr rocks; Glen Candlich and
Glen Callater, and frequent in Braemar, Mr. Croall.
Near Loch Builg, Mr. Proctor.

B.—Millowood, near Keith, Mr. Craigie ; Craig-
halkie, Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray.”

2. M. uniflora, Linn. (Wood M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 200
to 1100 feet ?

Shady woods. Very rare.

204 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [| Melica.

K.—Woods of Inchmarlo, Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams. —

A.—In the Corrymulzie, Braemar, Mr. Gardiner.
In this last place I have only seen M. nutans, G. D.

14. Hotous. SoFt-GRass.
1. H. mollis, Linn. (Creeping S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1200 feet.

Pastures and woods. Noted as in all parts of the
district as far as Castleton, Corgarff, Mortlach, but not
so frequent as the next.

2. H. danatus, Linn. (Meadow S.)
Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1400 feet.
Woods and pastures. Common.

15. ARRHENATHERUM. OAT-LIKE GRASS.

1. A. avenaceum. Beauv. (Common O.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1200 feet.
Pastures and wastes. Common.

16. Kormuerta. KorLERIA

1. K. cristata, Pers. (Crested K.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July, British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; coast to 2000 feet.
Natural pastures and rocks, | Rather local, yet not
uncommon.

K.—Along the south parts of the Kincardine coast,
Mr. Croall ; St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; also from Stone-
haven to Aberdeen, on the coast, G. D. Banchory-
Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, by the Dee at Craiglug, de. ;
on the Broadhill in the links, G. D. About Ballater ;

Koeleria. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 205

on the Khoil hill at the elevation above mentioned ; at
Castleton, G. D. Drumnahoy, in Cluny, Mr. Barron ;
Alford, Rey. Dr. Farquharson ; Clatt and Leslie, Rev.
J. Minto ; Hill of Barra, in Bourtie, Rey. J. Abel ; in
Buchan, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—In Grange, Stat. Account ; in Alvah, Rev. Dr.
Todd ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

17. Poa. MEADOW-GRASS.

1. P. fluitans, Scop. (Floating M.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°.; coast line to 2200
feet.

Ditches and pools. Frequent and general. Occurs
at Loch Phadrig, near Castleton, at the above elevation.
2. P. maritima, Huds. (Creeping Sea M.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in

Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line only.
Marshy places by the sea. Very local.
K.—Coast at Brotherton, Stat. Account ; Benholme,

Dr. Stephen ; at the Cove and Girdleness, G. D.

A.—WNorth end of Old Aberdeen Links; on the

Inch at Aberdeen ; at Peterhead, Rev. J. Minto ; gene-

ral on the Buchan coast, “ Northern Flora.”

3. P. pratensis, Linn. (Smooth-stalked M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2900
feet.

Natural pastures, &c. Common and widely diffused.

Occurs near the top of Morven at the above altitude.

4, P. trivialis, Linn. (Rough M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1300
feet.

206 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [ Poa.

Meadows and pastures. Frequent throughout the
district.

5. P. alpina, Linn. (Alpine M.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. Highland type.
Range in Britain, 53°—59° ; 2400 to 3700 feet?
Alpine rocks. Rather local ; confined to the higher
ranges.
A.—Lochnagar, above and below station for Carex
leporina ; Ben Macdui; Callater rocks, G. D. Little

Craigendall ; Ben Avon ; Ben-a-Buird; Cairntoul, and
Braeriach, Mr. R. Mackay.

6. P. lava, Haenk. (Wavy M.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. Highland
type. Range in Britain, 56°—58°; 3000 to
3300 feet ?

Alpine rocks. Very rare.
A.—Lochnagar. Found originally by Mr. G. Don ;
since his time by Professor Graham and others.

7. P. nemoralis, Linn. (Wood M.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 200
to 2500 feet.

Woeds and shady rocks. Chiefly in the inland
parts.

K.—Dens of Morphy and Fenella, Mr. Croall ;
Den of Davo, “ Northern Flora.”

A.—Cliffs at Pannanich ; north bank of the Dee
below Ballater Free Church ; rocks behind the Free
manse of Ballater; Bridge of Gairden ; Linn of Muick;
Linn of Quoich ; Corrymulzie and Callater rocks, G. D.
In Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson ; Den of Craig, near
Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto; at the fall on Burn of Cachan-
tesin, in Strathdon, G. D.

Var. «, Balfourti. Lochnagar, Mr. R. Mackay ;

Festuca. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 207

also on rocks, north base of the Mourne at Castleton,
Mr. Croall.

B.—Var. 6, glauca. At Tomintoul, “ Flora of
Moray.”

8. P. annua, Linn. (Annual M.)

Annual. Flowers, April to October. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 2000 feet 4
Pastures and wastes. Common.

18. TRIopIA. HEATH-GRASS.

1. T. decumbens, Beauv. (Decumbent H. )
Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1750 feet.
Heaths and mountain pastures. Very general.

19. Briza. QUAKING- GRASS.
1. B. media, Linn. (Common Q.)

Perennial. Flowers in June. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; 50 to 1700 feet.
Natural pastures. Widely diffused, but not common.

K.—South parts of Kincardine, Mr. M’‘Farlane ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; St. Cyrus ; Garvock ; Ben-
holme, Dr. Stephen. South bank of the Dee at Mor-
ison’s Suspension Bridge, Mr. P. Macgillivray ; side of
the Feugh at Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

_ A.—On the glebe at Peterculter, Rev. J. Farquhar-
son ; Normandyke, and on a bank at the Church of
Drumoak, Dr. Smith; about the base of Morven,
“Northern Flora.” North bank of the Dee below Bal-
later Free Church; on the Lin Mui, and in Glen
Gairden, at Castleton, G. D. In Alford and Towie,
“ Northern Flora ;” Auchindoir, Rhynie, Rev. J. Min-
to ; in Buchan, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Parish of Grange, Stat. Account ; in Alvah,
very rare, Rev. Dr. Todd; Boyndie, near Banff,
“ Northern Flora ;” in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

208 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. — LDactylis.

20. Dactyuis. Cock’s-FOOT-GRASS.

1. D. glomerata, Linn. (Rough C.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 1380
feet.

Pastures and wastes, &. Frequent in the lower
districts, appears to be less so in the more inland parts.
Occurs on the Lin Mui, near Ballater, at the above
elevation. Grows also at Castleton ; Corgarff; Mortlach.

21. Cynosurus. Doa’s-TAIL-GRASS.

1. C. eristatus, Linn. (Crested D.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1300 feet.

Dry pastures. Frequent and widely diffused.

22. Festuca. FESCUE-GRASS.

1. F. bromoides, Linn. (Barren F.)
Annual. Flowers in June. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to 1250 feet.
Dry pastures, wastes, and walls. Frequent in the
lower parts, less so in the interior ; grows, however, in

Clatt ; Alford ; Corgarff.

2. F. ovina, Linn. (Sheep’s F.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line to 4320
feet.

Pastures and wastes. Common in one or other of
its forms ; the viviparous variety attaining the summit
of Ben Macdui.

Var. a, vivipara. Very abundant in the interior ;
sometimes descending low by rivers and streams ; in
sreat profusion about rocks, &c. on the higher ranges.

Var. B, duriuscula. Grows in most parts of the

<

Festuca. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 209

‘district ; coast and inland. Banchory, Ballater, Castle-
ton, Alford, Strathdon, &e.

Var. y, rubra. Is chiefly a coast plant, and is very
abundant in suitable places—sandy shores—along the
coast line.

3. F. sylvatica, Vill. (Reed F.) *
Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type. Range
in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 400 feet.
Shady woods. Very local.
K.—Frequent in South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ;
about Dunnottar, “ Northern Flora.”

A.—On a steep wooded bank by the Dee, east from
Manse of Drumoak ; and north bank of the Don above
the old Bridge, Dr. Murray. Woods behind Aboyne
Castle, Mv. Proctor.

B.—Millowood, near Keith, “ Northern Flora.”’

4. F. pratensis, Huds. (Meadow F.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 206
feet.

Moist pastures, &e. Very local.

K.— Lower end of the Den ‘of Canterland, and
banks of the North Esk, Mr. Croall ; on the coast at
Portlethen.

A.—Formerly by the river Dee on ‘the Inch at
Aberdeen, G. D.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

5. F. elatior, Linn. (Tall F.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British ‘type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 500 feet.

* There is some uncertainty respecting the reports received of
this and the two following species. I have not seen specimen sfrom
all the localities mentioned, and insert the notes as received by me.
I have doubts as to the distinctness of these three species.

P

210 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [ Festuca.

Moist pastures and river banks. Rather local.

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; Dens of
Morphy and Fenella, Stat. Account ; at different parts
of the coast from Stonehaven to Aberdeen, G. °D. ;
Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams.

A.— “Tn rupes Don, prope pontem,” Dr. D. Skene ;
on serpentine rocks near Meadowbank, in Belhelvie, G.
D.; at Whitecairns, in Belhelvie, “ Northern Flora ;”
Pondash, by the Don, in Alford, Dr. A. Fleming ;
banks of the Bogie, half-a-mile south of the Manse of
Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto ; banks of the Deveron, near
Huntly Castle, Rev. J. Abel; by the Burn of Cairney,
‘Northern Flora.”

B.—In Alvah, rare, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

6. F. gigantea, Vill. (Tall bearded F.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 80 to
500 feet ?

Shady woods. Rare.

K.—Dens of Morphy and Fenella, Stat. Account ;
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Dr.
Adams ; in Strachan, Stat. Account.

A.—In Den of Gight, G. D.; banks of the Don at
Pondash, Vale of Alford, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Den above Mill of Mountblairey, Rev. Dr.
Todd; Millowood, near Keith, “Northern Flora ;”
near the Castle of Boyne, Banff, Mr. T. Edwards.

23. Bromus. Brome-crass.
1. B. asper, Linn. (Hairy, Wood B.)

Biennial? Flowers in June and July. British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; coast
line to 280 feet.

Moist woods. Rare.

Bromus. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 211

K.—Dens of Canterland and Fenella, Mr. Croall ;
Garvock, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Den of Gight, parish of Methlic, G. D.; by
the Don at Monymusk, “Northern Flora ;” banks of
the Ugie at Peterhead, Rev. J. Minto.

B.—Haugh below Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ;
near the Castle of Boyne, Banff, Mr. T. Edwards.

2. B. sterilis, Linn. (Barren B.)
Annual. Flowers in June. British type, (or English).
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 50 to 460 feet.
Fields and wastes. are, and appears to be con-
fined to the lower parts. ;
K.—St. Cyrus’ rocks, Mr. Croall ; near Bay of
Nigg, at the old Kirk, Mr. P. Macgillivray. -

A.—Near Aberdeen, waste places at south end of
Crown Street, and the north-east side of Powis’
grounds, Old Aberdeen, G. D. Upper Drumnahoy,
Cluny, Mr. Barron ; in Buchan district, Mr. Murray.

B.—In Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr.
L. Stewart.

3. B. secalinus, Linn. (Smooth Rye B.)

Biennial? Flowers in June and July, British type,
(or English). Range in Britain, 50°—58° ; 50 to
200 feet ?

Dry fields. Very rare. Chiefly in the lower parts
of the district.

K.—Frequent in fields in Kincardineshire, Mr.
Chrystall.

A.—In a field on the north side of the Dee above
Morison’s Suspension Bridge, G. D.; on the farm of
Mountdurno, in Belhelvie, “ Northern Flora.”

4. B. commutatus, Schrad. (Tumid Field B.)*

* Under this name I comprehend B. racemosus and B. arvensis.

pal be LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [Bromus.

Biennial? Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 1100
feet.

Fields and wastes. Frequent, and in most parts of
the district, coast and inland.

5. B. mollis, Linn. (Soft B.)

Annual? Flowers in June.’ British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1260 feet.

Fields and wastes, &c. &e. Common. In all parts
of the district, but never attaining any great altitude.

24, AvENA. OAT.

1. A. pratensis, Linn. (Nar.-leaved perennial O.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 2000
feet.

Natural pastures, dry banks, &c. Widely diffused,
but not common.

K.—Rocks at St. Cyrus, Mr. Croall; Jackstone,
St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall ;
along the coast from Stonehaven, northwards ; at the
Cove ; on a bank at the north end of Bay of Nigg, G.
D. Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—On serpentine rocks, near Meadowbank, Bel-
helvie, G. D. ; near Seaton House, Old Aberdeen, Pro-
fessor Macgillivray ; abundant on the banks of the Dee
at Ballater, G. D. ; upon serpentine rocks in Leshe and
Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; in Corgarff, Mr. Barron; at
Peterhead, Dr. Shier.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart ; at Craighalkie,,
near Tomintoul, “ Flora of Moray.”

Var. y, alpina. North bank of the Dee below the
Free Church at Ballater ; on the Khoil, Glen Muick,
G. D, At Aboyne, Stat. Account ; rocks at the “ Lion’s
face,” Castleton, G. D.; Hill of Barra, Bourtie, Rev.
J. Abel ; at Inchrory, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

. Avena. ] LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 213

2. A. pubescens, Linn. (Downy O.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 500 feet ?
Dry pastures and banks. Very local. Not so fre-
quent as the last species.

K.— Brae of Comiston, South Kincardine, Mr.
Croall. At Thornyhive, near Dunnottar Castle ; and on
the coast at Muchalls, G. D.

A.—On serpentine rocks at Meadowbank, with the
last species ; and by the side of a field, at the foot-path,
east wall of Powis’ grounds, Old Aberdeen, G. D.

B.—In Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

3. A. flavescens. Linn. (Yellow O.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. English type, (or British).
Range in Britain, 50°—58°; coast line to 400
feet.

Dry pastures. Very rare.

A.—In the Aberdeen links, south-east from the
Broadhill, Rev. J. Farquharson ; I have seen it abun-
dant at this station, it is probably now extirpated.
Near Summerhill, two miles west from Aberdeen, Mr.
A. Smith; near Robslaw Den, Mr. R. Mackay; at
Don-mouth, and on the south bank of the same, west
from the new bridge, Professor Macgillivray ; at Keb-
baty, in a field south from the house, Mr. Barron.

95. PHRAGMITES. REED.

1. P. communis, Trin. (Common R.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°— 61°; coast line to 500
feet.

Lakes and margins of rivers. Not very common.
K.—In South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Arbuth-
not, Mr. Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ;

on the coast near Portlethen, G. D.

214 LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. [Phragmites. .

A.—Banks of the Don near Inverury, Mr. Craig ;
Corbie Loch, north from Aberdeen, G. D. ; in a marsh
near Leggerdale, Mr. Barron ; in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ;
Burn of Forgue, Cobairdy, Rev. J. Abel ; banks of the
Ythan, near Ellon, G. D.

B.—Deveron-side, but rare, Rev. Dr. Todd.

26. Exymus. Lymer-crass.
1. E. arenarius, Linn. (Upright Sea L.)
Perennial. Flowers in July. Scottish type, (or Bri-
tish). Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line.
Sandy sea-shores. Rather local.
K.—St. Cyrus’ sands, abundant, Mr. Croall ; near
the mouth of Burn of Benholme, Dr. Stephen.

- A.—Near Aberdeen, a small patch at the south end
of the Fish-town, Footdee ; and at the mouth of the
Don, on the north side, G. D. Coast at Cruden, Mr.
A. Murray; at the village of St. Combes, parish of
Lonmay.

27. Horprum. Bartwey.

1. H. murinum, Linn. (Wall B.)

Annual. Flowers in June and July. English type,
(or British). Range in Britain, 50°—57° ; coast
line.

Dry sandy places. Very rare.

K.—Arbuthnot ; Johnshaven ; Gourdon, “ Northern
Flora.” Between Johnshaven and Brotherton, Mr.
Croall.

A.—Near Aberdeen, Mag. Zool. and Bot. Vol. I.
p. 398.

28. Triticum. WHerEat.

1. T. juncewm, Linn. (Rushy Sea W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July and August. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line.

Triticum. | LXXIV. GRAMINEAE. 215

Sandy sea-shores. Frequent in suitable localities
along the coast.
2. T. repens, Linn. (Creeping W. or Couch-grass. )
Annual. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1200 feet.
Fields and wastes. Common and generally diffused.

3. T. caninum, Huds. (Fibrous-rooted W.)

Perennial. Flowers in July. British type. Range in
Britain, 50°—58° ; coast line to 500 feet.
Woods, banks, &e. Frequent, but apparently less
so than the former. Occurs in the lower, and in some
of the inland parts of the district. In Alford at the
above elevation.

29. BracHypopium. Fatse BRoME-GRASS.

1. B. sylvaticum, Beauv. (Slender F.)

Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast to 800 feet.

Woods and shady banks. Rather local.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane. St. Cyrus’
cliffs ; Dens Fenella and Morphy, Dr. Stephen. Not
unfrequent in stony and shady places near the sea from
Stonehaven to Aberdeen ; plentiful at the Cove, G. D.
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; Corbie Den, King-
causie, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

A.—In the wood at the old Bridge of Don, G. D. ;
abundant near Ballater, on the north bank of the Dee
below the Free Church, G. D.

B.—Woods in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd ; in Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

30. Lotium.. Rysz-GRass.

1. L. perenne, Linn. (Perennial or Beardless R.)
Perennial. Flowers in June and July. British type.
Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 1250

feet.

216 RANUNCULACEAE.
Pastures and wastes. Common. Occurs in both

lower and inland parts, in the latter it has been pro-
bably mtroduced.

INTRODUCED PLANTS.

aaa eas

The following have been reported from different parts of the three
counties, but are not truly indigenous.

EXOGENOUS PLANTS.
RANUNCULACEAE.

Helleborus feetidus, Linn. (fetid H.)
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson.

H. viridis, Linn. (Greeen H.)

Den of Robslaw, G. D.

Aquilegia vulgaris, Linn. (Common Columbine. )
Near House of Culter, Dr. J. Smith ; south bank
of the Dee, Balbreadie, Durris, Mr. P. Macgillivray ;
Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan; Aboyne, Stat.
Account ; Den of Morphy, and opposite Stricathro,

Dr. Stephen.
PAPAVERACEAE.

Meconopsis Cambrica, Vig. (Welsh Poppy.)

Banks of the Dee near Church of Banchory-Deve-
nick, Dr. Stephen ; wood below Inchline road, half-a-
mile above Manse of Marnoch, Rev. Dr. Todd.

Chelidonium majus, Linn. (Celandine.)

Midmar, Mr. Barron ; ruins of Castle of Lismore,

in Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto ; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stew-
art ; Castle of Pitfichie, Monymusk, Dr. A. Fleming.

FUMARIACEAE. “aid §

FUMARIACEAE.

Corydalis lutea, Lindl. (Yellow C.)
Walls near Peterculter House, Mr. Sutherland.

CRUCIFERAE.

Cheiranthus Cheirt, Linn. ( Wallflower.)

Castle of Dunnottar, G. D.; Huntly Castle, Rev.
J. Abel.

Koniga maritima, Br. (Sea-side K.)

Coast near Aberdeen, “ British Flora.”

Camelina sativa, Cr. (Gold-of-Pleasure. )

Cluny, Mr. Barron ; fields at Old Aberdeen, Dr.
A. Fleming ; fields in Cromar, rare, Mr. Sutherland.

Brassica campestris, L. (Wild Navew.)

Ballater, Abergairn.

B. Rapa, Linn. (Turnip.)

Milton of Kemnay, Mr. Barron.

Sinapis alba, Linn. (White Mustard. )

Field near Dunnottar Castle, Dr. Stephen; near
Aberdeen, G. D.

RESEDACEAE.

Reseda lutea, Linn. (Yellow Mignonette. )
Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen, G. D.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE.
Saponaria officinalis, Linn. (Common Soapwort. )
Hangman’s brae, Aberdeen, Dr. D. Skene ; Alford,

rey. Dr. Farquharson ; road-side half-a-mile west from
Strachan Church, Dr. Stephen.

LINACEAE.

Linum usitatissimum, Linn. (Common Flax.)
Not uncommon in various places, by road-sides,

fields, &e.

218 MALVACEAE.

MALVACEAE.

Malva sylvestris, Linn. (Common Mallow.)

Johnshaven and St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; at the
base of the rocks, Dunnottar Castle, Dr. A. Fleming ;
formerly in Cardenshaugh, Aberdeen, G. D.; Fin-
dochty, Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

M. moschata, Linn. (Musk Mallow.)

Bridge-at Burn of Benholme, Dr. Stephen ; formerly
near Richmond Hill, Aberdeen, G. D.; Alford, Rev.
Dr. Farquharson ; Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

HYPERICACEAE.

Hypericum calycinum, Linn. (Large-flowered St.
John s-wort. )

Lower side of road west from Church of Banchory-
Ternan, Dr. Stephen.

GERANIACEAE.

Geranium Phaewm, Linn. (Dusky Crane’s-biil. )

Wood at Kingcausie, G. D.; road-side between
Banchory-Ternan and Loch of Park, Mr. Sutherland.

RHAMNACEAE.
Rhamnus catharticus, Linn. (Com. Buckthorn.)
In parish of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

LEGUMINOSAE.

Medicago denticulata, Willd. (Reticulated Medick. )

Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen harbour ; intro-
duced in ballast, G. D.

Melilotus officinalis, Linn. (Com. yellow Melilot. )
Inch at Aberdeen, G. D.

ROSACEAE.

Prunus Avium, Linn. (Cherry or Gean.)

ROSACEAE. 219

Along the Dee, and several of its tributaries, as far
as Castleton, Professor Macgillivray.

P. Cerasus, Linn. (Morello Cherry.)

Along the course of the Don, in several places, Dr.
A. Fleming ; Linhead, in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

Spiraea Filipendula, Linn. (Common Dropwort.)

South end of St. Cyrus’ cliffs, Mr. Sutherland.

Crataegus Oxyacantha, Linn. (Hawthorn. )

In various parts of the district.

CRASSULACEAE.

Sempervivum tectorum, Linn. (House-leek. )

Walls at old Bridge of Don, and roofs of houses in
various places near Aberdeen, G. D.; Midmar, Mr.
Barron.

Sedum Telephium, Linn. (Orpine.)

Near Morningside, and fields by King Street, We.
G. D.; by stream above Sooty wells, Garvock, Dr.
Stephen.

S. album, Linn. (White Stonecrop.)

On a thatched cottage in the town of Bervie, Mr.

Chrystall ; roofs of houses in Bervie, east of market
cross, Dr. Stephen.

GROSSULACEAE.
Ribes alpinum, Linn. (Mountain Currant.)
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

R. rubrum, Linn. (Red Currant.)
Midmar, Mr. Barron.

R. Grossularia, Linn. (Common Clooseberry. )
Midmar, Mr. Barron.

SAXIFRAGACEAE.
Saxifraga umbrosa, Linn. (London-Pride.)

GF 220 SAXIFRAGACEAE.

Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; Dunnideer, Mr.
M‘Donald.

S. Geum, Linn. (Kidney-leaved S.)

Den of Knockespock, Rev. J. Minto.

UMBELLIFERAE,

Apium graveolens, Linn. (Wild Celery.)

Craiglug, near Aberdeen, Dr. Murray.

igopodium Podagraria, Linn. ( Bishop-weed.)

Reported from various parts of the district, but not
a true native.

Carum Carui, Linn. (Common Caraway.)

Inch at Aberdeen, G. D.; Tillenhilt, Mr. Barron ;
Alford, Rey. Dr. Farquharson.

Atthusa Cynapium, Linn. (Fool’s-Parsley.)

Inch at Aberdeen ; frequent in gardens, as a weed.

Peucedanum Ostruthium, Koch. (Master-wort.)

Parishes of Skene and Echt, Mr. Burnett.

Coriandrum sativum, Linn. (Coriander. )

Formerly on the Inch, opposite the dock-yards,
Aberdeen.

Smyrnium Olusatrum, Linn. (Alexanders. )

At the Cove, and Corbie Den, Mr. P. Macgillivray ;
Cornhill and Skene, Mr. A. Smith ; Inverugie Castle,
Rev. J. Minto.

Myrrhis odorata, Scop. (Sweet Cicely.)

Den of Robslaw, &c. G. D; Alford, Rev. Dr. Far-
quharson ; parish of Leslie, Rev. J. Minto. Duff
House, Park ; Sandlaw, in Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE.
Sambucus nigra, Linn. (Common Elder.)
Various parts of the district.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE. 2M

Lonicera Xylostewm, Linn. (Upright Fly Honey-
suckle. )
Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

COMPOSITAE.

Hieracium aurantiacum, Linn. (Orange H.)

Woods of Craigston, near Turriff, Mr. A. Murray.
Clova, and Den of Craig, Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland.

Cichorium Jntybus, Linn. (Succory.)

Banchory-Ternan, in fields, G. D.; Kemnay, Mr.
Burnett ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; farm of
Upper Tollo, Inverkeithny, and near Cobairdy House,
Rey. J. Abel ; fields in Cushnie, Mr. Sutherland.

Carduus Marianus, Linn. (Milk Thistle. )

Formerly near Bon-Accord Terrace, Aberdeen, and
behind the Boat-house, Kittybrewster, G. D.

Tanacetum vulgare, Linn. (Common Tansy.)

Road-side, Blackness, Strachan ; Jackstone, and at
fishing station, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. Rocks at old
Bridge of Don, Dr. D. Skene, where it still grows ;
near Kettock’s Mill, G. D. ; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquhar-
son ; at Cruden, Mr. A. Murray ; Pitcaple, Mr. Suther-
land ; Forgue and Meldrum, Rev. J. Abel; Dalphad,
in Glen Gairden, at 1200 feet, G. D. ; between farm of
Sandlaw and Deveron, Rev. Dr. Todd ; Mortlach, Dr.
Stewart.

Senecio Saracenicus, Linn. (Br.-leaved Groundsel. )

Near Warburton, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; Den
of Robslaw, Mr. A. K. Clark; Den of Leslie, Mr.
M‘Donald.

Doronicum Pardalianches, Linn. (Leopard’s-bane. )

Den of Robslaw, and south bank of the Don above
Bridge of Dyce, G. D.; near entrance to Paradise,
Monymusk, Rev. A. Beverly.

bo
bo
bo

COMPOSITAE.

Matricaria Parthenium, Linn. (Feverjew.)

By the Dee at Railway Station, Banchory-Ternan,
Dr. Stephen ; near Maryculter House, Dr. J. Smith ;
Lickley Head, in Premnay, Rev. J. Minto ; Mortlach,
Dr. L. Stewart.

Achillaea tomentosa, Linn. (Woolly Yarrow.)

Auchlunkart, Banffshire, P. Stewart, Esq.

POLEMONIACEAE.
Polemonium ceruleum, Linn. Jacob’s Ladder.)
Near Aberdeen, in an old quarry at Shettocksley,
G. D. ; Midmar, Mr. Barron ; Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
CONVOLVULACEAE.
Cuscuta epilinum, Weihe. (Flax Dodder.)
On flax, in fields ; near Printfield, Dr. Murray.

BoRAGINACEAE.

Anchusa sempervirens, Linn. (Evergreen Alkanet. )

Formerly near old House of Robslaw, and near
Powis ; Nether-Banchory ; Banchory-Ternan; Kil-
drummy Castle ; Tolquhon Castle ; Clatt; Rhynie ;
Alford ; Cobairdy ; Kirk of Forgue ; Cluny; Den of
Gight ; Mortlach.

Borago officinalis, Linn. (Common Borage.)

Methlic, Stat. Account; Binhill, Cullen, Mr. Car-
michael.

Symphytum officinale, Linn. (Common Comfrey.)

In a field by the road-side at Kepplestone, near
Robslaw quarry, G. D.; back of the farm house of
Cults, Dr. A. Fleming.

Cynoglossum officinale, Linn. (Hound’s-tonque. )
Castleton, Braemar, Mr. A. K. Clark ; meadow be-

hind Castle Fraser, Dr. D. Skene ; Den of Boyne, Mr.
Cowie.

SOLANACEAE.

i)
tS)
a)

SOLANACEAE.
Solanum Dulcamara, Linn. (Bittersweet. )

Formerly at Gallowhill, and in Belhelvie, G. D. ;
banks of the Carron, at Stonehaven, and by the bridge
over a rivulet, east from old Bridge of Dee, Dr. A.
Fleming ; woods about Invery, and near Crathes, by
the side of the river Dee, Dr. Adams; Lismore, in
Rhynie, Rev. J. Minto; Tore of Troup, and Den of
Auchindoir, “ Northern Flora; walls at Rannes, Mr.
Carmichael ; Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.

Hyoscyamus niger, Linn. (Henbane.)

Den of Robslaw, Mr. A. K. Clark. Formerly among
ruins of Dunnottar Castle ; coast at St. Cyrus, Stat.
Account. Woods of Kemnay, “Northern Flora ;”’ near
old Castle of Findlater, Mr. Craigie.

ScROPHULARIACEAE.

Veronica Buxbaumii, Ten. (Buxbauen’s Speedwell. )

Weed in gardens at Rosemount Terrace, Dr. A.
Fleming.

Linaria Cymbalaria, Mill. (Ivy-leaved Toad-flax.)

Den of Robslaw ; Fetteresso, de.

L. vulgaris, Moench. (Yellow Toad-flaz.)

North Esk Bridge ; St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen ; road-
side near Nether-Banchory Church, Dr. A. Fleming ;
Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Adams; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto ;
Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

L. repens, Ait. (Creeping T.)

Near Ballater, and in Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland ;
Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson.

Verbascum Thapsus, Linn. (Great Mullein. )

Banks of the Dee at Aboyne, G. D. ; in Clatt, Rev.
J. Minto ; Strathdon, ‘ Northern Flora.”

Scrophularia vernalis, Linn. (Yellow Figwort. )

DOA SCROPHULARIACEAE.

Near Manse of Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson.

Mimulus Juteus, Linn. (Yellow M.)

Kincardineshire, Mr. Dickson ; at Pannanich Lodge,
G. D.; Kemnay, Mr. M‘Donald. Mill of Hirn, Ban-
chory-Ternan ; and by the river Bervie in Arbuthnot,
Dr. Stephen.

LABIATAE.

Mentha viridis, Linn. (Spearmint. )

Side of a stream at Castle Fraser, Mr. Burnett ;
half-a-mile from the gamekeeper’s house in Glen Cal-
later, Mr. R. Mackay.

Ballota nigra, Linn. (Horehound. )

Near Keig ; Castle Forbes, Mr. M‘Donald.

CHENOPODIACEAE.

Beta vulgaris, Linn. (Common Beet. )

A single plant on the Inch at Aberdeen, Kev. J.
Minto.

Chenopodium Bonus Henricus, Linn. (Mercury
Goose-foot. )

Not unfrequent in different parts of the district,
but in places leading to suspicion of its escape from
cultivation. Arbuthnot ; Banchory-Ternan. Near
Aberdeen, at Stocket, &c. Alford ; Clatt; Inver-
keithny. Buchan. Alvah. Mortlach.

Atriplex littoralis, Linn. (Grrass-leaved Sea O.)

Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen, introduced in
ballast, G. D.

URTICACEAE.
Parietaria officinalis, Linn. (Pellitory.)
Walls of Arbuthnot House, Mr. Chrystall ; Castle
of Tolquhon, near Ellon, Mr. Thom ; ruins of Inver-

ugie Castle, Rev. J. Minto ; Boyne Castle, Banffshire,
Rev. W. Cowie.

T. SALICACEAE. 225

SALICACEAE.

Salix purpurea, Linn. (Purple Willow.)
S. Helix, Linn. (Rose W.)

S. fragilis, Linn. (Crack W.)

S. Russeliana, Smith. (Russell’s W.)

S. alba, Linn. (White W.)

S. viminalis, Linn. (Common Osier.)

The above reported from different parts of the dis-
trict ; certainly introduced.

ENDOGENOUS PLANTS.
LILIACEAE.
Polygonatum multiflorum, All. (Com. Solomon’s
Seal. )

K.—Woods of Ury, near Stonehaven, Dr. Ogilvie ;
Banchory woods, Dr. A. Fleming ; woods by the banks
of the Dee, near Morison’s Suspension Bridge, Mr.
Sutherland ; wood at Kingcausie, Mrs. Boswell.

A.—Paradise, at Monymusk, Dr. Ogilvie.
Allium oleraceum, Linn. (Streaked field Garlic. )
Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall.

ARACEAE.

Arum maculatum, Linn. (Spotted Arum.)
Den of Robslaw, G. D. ; by the avenue to Seaton
House, Dr. A. Fleming.

GRAMINEAE.
Alopecurus agrestis, Linn. (Slender Fox-tail-grass. )
On the Inch at Pbendeen, Dr. Murray ; beside
Kettock’s mill, G. D.
Phalaris Canariensis, Linn. (Canary-grass. )
On the Inch at Aberdeen, &c. &c.
Q

226 I. GRAMINEAE.

Setaria viridis, Beauv. (Green Bristle-grass. )

Formerly on the Inch at Aberdeen. Introduced in
ballast.

Poa aquatica, Linn. (Reed Meadow-grass.)

Pond at Breda in Alford, “from which it has
escaped into the river Don, and is now naturalized on
its banks, several miles below Breda,’ Rev. J. Minto.

Bromus arvensis, Linn. (Taper Field Brome-grass. )

In a field by the road near Cardenshaugh, G. D.

Lolium temulentum, Linn. (Darnel.)

Occasionally in fields, in different parts of the dis-
trict.

Digitaria sanguinalis, Scop. (Finger-grass. )

Once found upon the Inch at Aberdeen. Intro-
duced in ballast.

CLASS III.

ACOTYLEDONOUS, OR CELLULAR
PLANTS. *

Pee

Sub-Class I.—ACROGENAE.
FInices. FERNS.
I.—POLYPODIACEAE.

1. Potyropium. PoLypopy.

1. P. vulgare, Linn. (Common P.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 1900 feet.
Rocks, walls, &. Frequent and general.

* Generally cellular, excepting Ferns and a few others, which have tubu-

lar vessels as well.

bo
ho
I

Polypodium. | I. POLYPODIACEAE.

2. P. Phegopteris, Linn. (Pale mountain P.)

Scottish type, (or British). Range in Britain, 50°—61’.
Shady rocks, &e. More frequent in the interior.
K.—Crags of Airlie; Pitready, Strachan; Den of Davo,

Garvock, Dr. Stephen. Bank at the water-fall, Corbie Den,
Mr. Edgeworth ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—In an open part of ‘‘College” wood, south shoulder of
the Hill of Brimmond, Rev. A. Beverly; by the Burn of
Culter, a mile above Culter Mills, Rev. J. Abel; Hill of Fare,
Mr. Barron. In the woods between Ballater and Pannanich
Lodge ; Corrymulzie, and Linn of Quoich, at Castleton, G. D.

B.—Den between Eden and Inverichny, Rev. Dr. Todd.
3. P. Dryopteris, Linn. (Tender three-branched P. )
Scottish type. Range in Britain, 51°—59°; coast line to ?
Increases in frequency toward the interior of the district.
K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Arbuthnot, Mr.

Chrystall ; stony places above marsh south-west from Bay of
Nigg, and Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G.D.

A.—Den of Maidencraig, G. D.; rocks at the Burn of
Culter, Rev. J. Abel; Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron. Pannanich
rocks ; banks of Loch Muick; Linns of Corrymulzie and
Quoich, at Castleton ; Ben Macdui, &. G. D. Mungo wood,
Huntly, Rev. J. Abel; at Laithers, near Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.—Den at Mountblairy distillery, near the mill-dam, also
den at Linhead, Alvah, Rey. Dr. Todd; Mortlach, Dr. L.
Stewart.

4. P. alpestre, Hoppe. (Alpine P. )
Highland type. Range in Britain, 56°—57° ; 2200 to 3600 feet.

Fissures of alpine rocks, and under shade of stones. Con-
fined to the higher ranges, there abundant.

A.—On Lochnagar ; head of Glen Callater ; Corry of Loch
Kander, G. D. In sheltered ravines on all the Braemar
mountains, Ben Avon, Ben-a-Buird, &. Very fine round the
Wells of Dee, Mr. Croall.

2. ASPIDIUM. SHIELD-FERN.
1. A. Lonchitis, Sw. (Rough alpine S.)
Highland type. Range in Britain, 53°—59° ; 1100 to 2400 feet.
Fissures of moist rocks. Confined to the interior.

A.—Linn of Quoich, south side; Corrymulzie; Callater
rocks, G. D. ; Craig Koynach, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ; Carr
rocks, at Castleton, Mr. Sutherland and Mr. Croall. .

228 I, POLYPODIACEAE. [Aspidium.

2. A. lobatum, Sw. (Close-leaved prickly S. )
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 100 to 1000 feet.
Moist woods, &c. Very local in this district.

_ K.—Hast side of the river Feugh, below the bridge, near
Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Stephen; in the Corbie Den, King-
causie, G. D.; Durris, ina den two miles west of the house,
Rey. A. Beverly.

._A.—At the Manganese quarry, north side of the Don at
Persley ; and Carr Rocks, Castleton, Mr. Sutherland. At
Laithers, near Turriff, Dr. Shier; in the Den of Auchmedden,
Rev. G. Gairdner.

Var. B, lonchitidoides. Ina glen on the ascent to Morven,
from Tullich, two miles east from Ballater, Rev. A. Beverly.

3. A. Oreopteris, Sw. (Heath S.) *

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 200 to 2000 feet.

Natural pastures, woods, and rocks.- Increases in fre-
quency toward the interior, where it occurs often in great
profusion.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane; Arbuthnot, Mr.
Chrystall ; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan ; by the Dye,
in Strachan, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Woods west of House of Craibstone, Dr. Ogilvie ;
sparingly about Drum, Rev. A. Beverly ; on Hill of Fare, and
in the wood at Midmar Castle, Mr. Barron. In great pro-
fusion, and very fine, in the woods between Ballater and Pan-
nanich ; on the ascent from Altguisach to Lochnagar ; in the
woods at Castleton ; rocks at the farm of Tomintoul, on the
Mourne ; rocks near farm of Auchalater, in Glen Clunie, G. D.
Tullynessle, Rev. J. Minto; at Cachantesin fall, in Strathdon,
Ga:

4, A. Filix mas, Sw. (Blunt S.)

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1747 feet,
near the Fall of the Glassilt, head of Loch Muick.

Banks, rocks, &c. &. Common and generally diffused.

Rev. A. Beverly has furnished the following notes respec-
ting some of its varieties—

Var. incisa. Corbie Den, Maryculter.
Var. crispa. Muick-side, near Ballater.
Var. Borreri, (or paleacea?) Deeside, above Ballater.

* A. Thelypteris, Sw. Has been reported as found in South Kincardine,
and in wood of Midmar, west from Aberdeen. Being doubtful, in the
absence of evidence from specimens, I omit it from the list.

Aspidium. \. I. POLYPODIACEAE. 229

5. A. dilatatum, Willd. (Prickly S.)*
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 3500
feet, on Lochnagar.

Very generally diffused throughout the three counties ;
plentiful along the coast, and also not unfrequent on the
higher r ges, as Lochnagar, Glen Callater, Buck of Cabrach,
&e. &e.

3. CYSTOPTERIS. BLADDER-FERN.
1. C. fragilis, Bernh. (Brittle B.)
British type, (or Highland?) Range in Britain, 50°—59° ;
coast to 2000 feet ?

Rocks and walls. Widely diffused in the district, but not
common.

K.—In Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen. Occasionally along the
Kincardineshire coast, as near Garron Point, &c. ; Corbie Den,
Kingcausie, G. D.. Ona wall near Fintray House, Professor
Macgillivray ; Den of Craig, Rev. J. Minto; at Laithers, near
Turriff, Dr. Shier.

B.— Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner; rocks below
Bridge of Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd; in Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Var. B, dentata. Muick-side and Gairden-side, Rev. A.
Beverly ; Linns of Quoich and Corrymulzie, G. D.; Craig
Koynach, at Castleton, Mr. Gardiner. North base of the
Mourne ; Carr Rocks and Glen Callater, Mr. Croall. Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

Var. y, Dickieana. Having been the first to distribute
specimens in a living state, among cultivators, my name has
been associated with this singular variety. It was, however,
no original discovery of mine, the late Professor Knight having
been in the habit of showing it to his pupils. It is now com-
pletely extirpated from the little cave south from the harbour
at the Cove. I have found what appears to be the same
variety in the crevices of a moist wall on the north side of the
road about two miles west from Dunkeld. About half-a-mile
north from the Cove, there is a dripping cave where there is a
variety near the last. I have known it there during the last
fifteen years.

2. C. montana, Link. (Mountain B.)

Highland type. Range in Britain, 56°—57°; altitude, 2500 to?
Alpine rocks. Very rare.
A.—Rocks, head of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

* The true A. spinulosum, (Lastraea spinulosa, Presi.) has doubtless been
generally confounded with the A. dilatatum.

ia)
(30)
Oo

I. POLYPODIACEAE. [Aspleniwm.

4, ASPLENIUM. SPLEENWORT.

1. A. Septentrionale, Hull. (Forked S. )

Scottish type. Range in Britain, 51°—57°; local at 1400 feet.

Alpine rocks. Very rare.

A.—Rocks at the west end of the north side of the Pass of
Ballater. This interesting addition to our list was made in
1855, by Dr. Patterson, R. N., from whom I have received
living plants.

2. A. Ruta-muraria, Linn. ( Wall-rue S.)

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—59° ; 50 to 1500 feet.

Walls and rocks. Very local.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane; bridge at Den of
Brotherton, Dr. Stephen; on an old wall at Kingcausie, Mr.
Gammie.

A.—Formerly in the fissures of parapets of the old Bridge
of Dee, G.D. ; on the old Bridge of Don, Dr. Shier; on a small
bridge over a stream half a mile east from old Bridge of Dee,
Mr. P. Macgillivray ; on the walls of the old Chapel, King’s
College, Prof. Gregory ; on the Old Machar Cathedral, Mr. P.
Macgillivray ; old walls at Leith-hall, Dr. D. Skene; north
and east garden-walls at Drum, Dr. Ogilvie ; the garden-wall
of Drum, and old Castle of Tillyfour, Monymusk, Rey. A.
Beverly ; on a shady rock, near the waterfall, in Den of Craig,
Auchindoir, Mr. Sutherland; on the very large boulders at
the base of the ‘‘ Lion’s face,” opposite Invercauld, 1857, G.D.

3. A. Trichomanes, Linn. (Common Wall S.)

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; 100 to 1600 feet.

Shady rocks. Rather local.

K.—In Den Fenella, with fronds 16 inches long, Dr.
Stephen and Rev. A. Beverly ; ; east side of Feugh, below the
ee at Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Stephen.

A.—Serpentine rocks near Meadowbank, in Belhelvie,
G.D. ; Den of Craig, Rev. J. Minto ; at Tow anrieffe, Auchin-
doi, Mr. Sutherland ; serpentine rocks at Knockespock, Dr.
A. Fleming. Shady rocks in the wood, south side of the road,
a mile west from Bridge of Muick near Ballater; and rocks at
the ‘‘ Lion’s face,” near Castleton, G.D. Den of Auchmed-
den, Dr. D. Skene.

B.—Glen Fiddich, Dr. D. Skene; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.

4, A. viride, Hudson. (Green lanceolate S. )
Highland type. Range in Britain, 51°—59° ; 1100 to 2500 feet.

Asplenium.] I, POLYPODIACEAE. 231

Alpine rocks in the inland and higher parts.

A.—On the craig of Lin Mui, near Ballater; rocks in
Corrymulzie, near Castleton ; cliffs of the ‘‘ Lion’s face”; Glen
Callater rocks, G.D. Limestone rocks and debris, north base
of the Mourne, above Castleton, Mr. Croall. Rocks behind
the farm of Tomintoul at Castleton, G. D.

5. A. marinum, Linn. (Sea S.)

British type, (or Atlantic). Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast
line only.

Sea rocks. Rather local, but found in suitable localities on
the whole coast line.

St. Cyrus’ cliffs, Dr. Stephen. About Dunnottar and north-
wards ; at Muchals; Sketrow; Cove ; Girdleness ; Aberdour ;
Gamrie.

6. A. Adiantum nigrum, Linn. (Black-stalked S.)

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 1800 feet.

Fissures of rocks. Very local.

K.—Den of Davo, Garvock ; Annie’s Den, Benholme ; Den
Fenella, above the old bridge, Dr. Stephen. Banchory-Ter-
nan, Rev. J. Brichan. Coast between Stonehaven and Aber-
deen, as at Cove, &., G.D. At Portlethen and Muchalls, 10
to 15 inches long, Rev. A. Beverly.

A.—Rocks near Meadowbank, Belhelvie, G.D. ; in a dyke
by a cross-road west of Springhill, near Aberdeen, Rev. A.
Beverly ; in Pass of Ballater, sparingly, Mr. Sutherland ; on
the Khoil and Craig of Lin Mui, near Ballater, G.D.; at
Leith-hall, Dr. D. Skene; serpentine rocks, Knockespock,
Dr. A. Fleming; Den of Craig and Towanrieffe, Mr. Suther-
land.

B.—Coast at Gamrie, Rev. G. Gairdner. Rocks of Alvah;
and near Mill of Eden, on rocks, rare, Rev. Dr. Todd. Mort-
lach, Dr. L. Stewart.

7. A. Filix femina, Bernh. (Short-fruited S.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1800 feet.

Moist shady places. Common, and widely diffused in the
district. Attains the above elevation in the ravine of the
Glassilt, head of Loch Muick.

Var. B, latifolium. Is abundant, growing from the roof of
the cave where var. Dickieana of C. fragilis grew.

5. ScoLoPENDRIUM. Hart’s TONGUE.
1. S. vulgare, Sym. (Common H.)

232 I. POLYPODIACEAE. [Scolopendium.

British type Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast line only, in
this district.
Shady and moist places. Very rare and local.

K.—Den Fenella, abundant, Dr. Stephen. In a cave at
north end of Sketrow harbour, Newtonhill station, south from
Aberdeen ; a few plants only ; found first in 1857 by Mr.
H. A. Smith.

A.—Among ruins near the House of Frendraught, parish
of Forgue, Rev. J. Abel; Den of Auchmedden, Rev. G.
Gairdner.

6. Preris. BRAKE-FERN.

1. P. aquilina, Linn. (Common B.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61° ; coast to 1900 feet.
Woods, pastures, &. Very common.

7. CRYPTOGRAMMA. ROCK-BRAKE.

1. C. crispa, Br. (Curled R.)
Highland type. Range in Britain, 51°-—59° ; 300 to 2600 feet.
Stony places in the interior. Very local.

A.—Upon an old wall at Damseat, parish of Echt, Mr.
Barron, from whom I have received a specimen. On Cairn
William, Monymusk, Rev. A. Beverly, who also states that
he has received it from the east slope of a stony brae, two and
a-half miles above Ballater. On the east cliffs of Lochnagar,
and by the side of the lake at the base of the cliffs, G. D.
Ben-a-Buird and Cairntoul, Mr. P. Macgillivray. Corry of
Loch Kander, at head of Glen Callater, Prof. Macgillivray.

8. BLECHNUM. HARD-FERN.

1. B. boreale, Sw. (Northern H.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—60° ; coast to 2400 feet.
Pastures, woods, .&c. Very general.

Il.—_OSMUNDACEAE.

1. OsmunDA. OSMUND-ROYAL.

1, O. regalis, Linn. (Common O. )
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast to 100 feet.
Wet places. Very rare.

K.—On steep rocks, half-a-mile south from the Cove, and
by the side of a waterfall, a little north from the Cove, G. D.

Ophioglossum. ] III. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE. 233

A.—On the banks of the rivulet flowing from Loch of
Park, first found by the late Mr. P. Grant ; reported as now
extinct there.

IIl.—_OPHIOGLOSSACEAE.
1. OpHiogLossuM. ADDER’S-TONGUE.

1. O. vulgatum, Linn. (Common A.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line.
Moist pastures and in woods. Very rare.

K.—Den Fenetla; north end of Den of Jackstone, St.
Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. Arbuthnot, Mr. Chrystall.

2. Botrycuium. Moonwort.

1. B. Lunaria, Sw. (Common WM.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50'—61°; coast to 2400 feet.
Natural pastures. Generally diffused.

K.—Sands of St. Cyrus, Mr. Croall. Jackstone, St. Cyrus;
Pitready, Strachan, Dr. Stephen. Upper end of Corbie Den,
Kingcausie, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

A.—Near Aberdeen, at Corsehill, Scotston ; Links, behind
Preventive-station at Don-mouth; bank by the old Stocket
road, at the north end of Summerhill, G. D. Hill of Tyre-
bagger, and at Tartowie, Dr. A. Fleming; at east end of
Loch of Drum, Rev. A. Beverly. In Braemar, on Little
Craigendall, and Glen Callater, G. D. Green banks in the
moss at the foot of the Carr Rocks, Castleton, Mr. Croall; on
south face of Morven, G. D. ; Tillenhilt and Gallowhill, Cluny,
Mr. Barron; Alford, Rev. Dr. Farquharson; Tullynessle,
Rev. J. Minto ; Corgarff, Mr. Barron ; road-side near Tulloch
House, Meldrum, Rey. J. Abel; in Cruden, Mr. A. Murray.

B.—Hill of Stoneley, and hilly parts of Rosyburn, Alvah,
Rey. Dr. Todd; Mortlach, Dr. L. Stewart.*

LV.—LYCOPODIACHAE.
1. Lycopopium. CLUB-MOSss.

LAr: clavatum, Linn. (Common C.)

* Other three Ferns have been reported as belonging to this district, I
have no doubt that some error has arisen regarding them. Adiantum °C.
Veneris is stated to have been found by the river Ury, near Stonehaven, and
Asplenium fontanum at Garron Point, north from the same place. The
other is Gymnogramma leptophylla, said to have been found on a wall by
the side of the road to Castleton, opposite to Invercauld.

234 IV. LYCOPODIACEAE. [Lycopodium.

British type. Range in Britain, 50°—60°; coast line to 2200
feet.

Heathy pastures. Frequent and generally diffused. At-
tains the above elevation on Morven and Lochnagar.

2. L. annotinum, Linn. (Interrupted C.)

Highland type. Range in Britain, 53°—59°; 1000? to 2600
feet.

Mountain heaths. Confined to the interior.

A.—Near the summit of the path on the west shoulder of
Mount Keen; abundant on Lochnagar by several ways of
ascent ; and frequent in Braemar, G. D. On Morven, Mr.
Sutherland ; plentiful on Ben Avon, covering the hill-side,
Mr. Croall; Little Craigendall, Ben-a-Buird, and Ben Macdui,
Mr. R. Mackay.

B.—On Cairngorm, Mr. R. Mackay; on Belrinnes, Dr. L.
Stewart.

3. L. selaginoides, Linn. (Less Alpine C.) *

Highland type. Range in Britain, 53°—61°; coast line to
3000 ? feet.

Marshy places. Frequent both in the lower and higher
parts of the district.

K.—South Kincardine, Mr. M‘Farlane ; Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan ; upper part of Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.

A.—Marsh by the Udny road, seven miles north from
Aberdeen ; bogs at Deanston ; at Scotston and Denmore,
G. D. Marsh at Leggerdale, by the Echt road, Mr. Barron ;
Towanrieffe, Rhynie, Mr. Sutherland. On the Khoil at Bal-
later; marsh, south base of Morven; Callater Rocks; Glen
Gairden, &. G. D. In Strathdon, at the Fall of Cachantesin,
&e. G. D. Ben-a-Buird; Ben Avon; Cairntoul; Braeriach ;
Ben Macdui, Mr. R. Mackay.

4. L. alpinum, Linn. (Savine-leaved C.)
Highland type. Range in Britain, 51°—61°; 250 to 3400 feet.

Mountain pastures and heaths. More abundant in the
interior ; rarer in the lower parts.

K.—Strachan ; Benholme, &c. Dr. Stephen. At the base
of the cairns on the hills at Nigg, about a mile from the sea,
and 250 feet above its level, G. D.; Banchory-Ternan, Rev.
J. Brichan.

* L. inundatum occurs in Moray; I have no record of its presence in this
district ; it is probably often overlooked.

Tsoetes. | V. MARSILEACEAE. 235

A.—Top of Brimmanhill, parish of Newhills, G. D. ; Nor-
mandyke, at Culter, Dr. J. Smith; Hill of Fare, Mr. Barron.
Near the summit of Mount Battock; in great profusion on
Morven, along with Sibbaldia ; on the Khoil at Ballater; on
Lochnagar, &c. &. G. D. Little Craigendall ; Glen Callater ;
Ben Macdui, &c. Mr. R. Mackay. Tullynessle, and abundant
at Tullyangus, in Clatt, Rev. J. Minto; on the eT ee in
Forgue, Rev. J. Abel; on the Buck of the Cabrach, G. D
Corgarff, Mr. Barron.

B.—Alvah, Rev. Dr. Todd.
5. L. Selago, Linn. (Fir C.)
British type, (or Highland). Range in Britain, 50'—61°; 100
to 4320 feet.

Heathy pastures. Common and generally diffused. One
of the few plants which grow on the extreme summits of the
higher mountains, as Morven, Lochnagar, Ben Macdui, &c.

V.—MARSILEACEAE.

1. lsonres. QUILL-WoRT.
1. L. lacustris, Linn. (Huropean Q. )
Highland type. Range in Britain, 52'—59°; 100 to 2200 feet.
Bottoms of lakes. Very local.

A.—At east end of Loch of Park, Dr. A. Fleming ; Loch
Cannor and Loch Muick, Prof. Macgillivray ; in Loch Kander,
head of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall; In a small loch, a little te
the east of Loch Builg, Mr. Barron.

2. PILULARIA. PILL-worr.
1. P. globulifera, Linn. (Creeping P.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—59".
Local at 100? feet.
Margins of Lakes. Very rare.
A.—South and east margins of Loch of Park.

VIL—EQUISETACEAE.

EquIsETUM. HoRsETAIL.*

1. E. umbrosum, Willd. (Blunt topped H.)
Scottish type. Range in Britain, 53'—58°; 300 to 700 feet ?

* E fluviatile, admitted into ‘‘ Flora Aberdonensis,” 1838, was so by
mistake.

236 VI. EQUISETACEAE. | Hquisetum.

Moist Shady places. Rare.

K.—Damp shady places near the burn, parish of Fetter-
cairn, rather scarce. Abundant and in fruit on the opposite
side of the Esk, Mr. Croall.

A.—WNear Ballater by the road to Glen Muick, Mr. R.
Mackay.
2. EK. arvense, Linn. (Field H.)

British type. Range in Britain, 50’—61°; coast line to 800 ?
feet.

Fields and wastes. Common, chiefly in the lower parts.

3. EH. sylvaticum, Linn. (Branched Wood H. )

British type. Range in Britain, 50°-—61°; coast line to 2000?
feet.

Moist woods and banks. Frequent and general.

4, E. limosum, Linn. (Smooth Naked H.)
British type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; 100 to 2200 feet.
Marshes and lakes. Occurs in suitable localities in most
parts of the district.
5. E. palustre, Linn. (Marsh H.)
eae type. Range in Britain, 50°—61°; coast line to 2000?
eet.
Marshes and bogs. Frequent.

6. E. Mackayi, Newm. (Long-stemmed H. )
Scottish type. Range in Britain, 57—58°; local at 150 to
170 feet.
Moist shady places. Very rare.

K.—Along the course of the Dee, several miles above and
below Banchory-Ternan, Rev. J. Brichan.

7. E. hyemale, Linn. (Rough H.)
Scottish type, (or British.) Range in Britain, 51°—58°; 150
to 400 feet.
Marshy and shady places. Very local.

K.—Along the course of the Dee at Banchory-Ternan,
Rey. J. Brichan ; by a stream below Blackness, Strachan,
Dr. Stephen.

A.—Marshy ground on the north-west side of the Farm
of Auchmenzie in Clatt; also in Auchindoir on the hill-side
opposite the sandstone quarries, Rey. J. Minto ; near the
Manse of Cabrach, Rev. W. Gordon.

Andreaea. | I, ANDREAEACEAE. 237

8. E. variegatum, Schleich. (Variegated rough H. )
Scottish type. Range in Britain, 50°—58°; 20 to 170 feet.
Wet sandy and gravelly places. Very local.

K.—Along the course of the Dee at Banchory-Ternan,
Rev. J. Brichan ; south bank of the Dee near Aberdeen,
between the old bridge and Railway viaduct, Rev. J. Far-
quharson; links south of Newburgh, and north bank of the
Dee at Drumoak, Mr. P. Macgillivray.

MU SCL MOSSiS:*
I.—ANDREAEACEAE.
1. ANDREAEA.

1. A. alpina, Dillen. (Alpine A.)

On rocks. Rare in the lower, abundant in the higher and
inland parts of the district. Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and
G.D. Plentiful on the higher mountains.

2 A. rupestris, Linn. (Rock A.)

On rocks and walls. Generally diffused. Clockhill, Ben-
holme ; Banchory-Ternan, &c., Dr. Stephen. Near Aberdeen
on old walls and boulders, above Bay of Nigg ; Tollohill ; by
the wood west from Pitmedden, G.D. Common in the in-
terior.

.3. A. Rothii, Web. and Mohr. (Black falcate-leaved A.)

On rocks and walls. Generally diffused. Near Aberdeen,
on boulders at new Church of Nigg, and on Hill of Fare, G.D.
Very abundant in the interior ; Pannanich cliffs ; Lochnagar ;
Buck of Cabrach, &c., G.D. Cairngorm.

4, A. nivalis, Hooker. (Tall, slender A.)

Alpime rocks. Confined to a few of the higher mountains
in the interior. Lochnagar; Ben Macdui, Mr. Mackay and
G.D. Cairngorm, &c.

II.—_SPHAGNACEAE.
lle SPHAGNUM. BoG-Moss.
1. S. cymbifolium, Dill. (Blunt-leaved B. )

Bogs and marshes. Common.

* In this Sub-class I have adopted the nomenclature in ‘‘ Wilson’s
Bryologia Britannica.”

238 Il. SPHAGNACEAE. [Sphagnum.

2. S. compactum, Bridel. (Compact B.)

On dry moors, chiefly inland. On Lochnagar, &e., Mr.
Croall.

3. S. acutifolium, Ehrh. ( Acute-leaved B. )
e a Rather local. Loch of Park ; Hill of Fare, &c.

4, 8. molluscum, Bruch. (Pale dwarf B. )

Peat bogs. Moss behind Castleton; Glen Cailater, &c.,
Mr. Croall.

5. S. cuspidatum, Dill. ( Wavy-leaved B. )

Wet bogs. Frequent and general.

6. S. squarrosum, Persoon. (Spreading-leaved B. )

in peat bogs. Local. Mourne at Castleton, damp places
among the heath, north side, Mr. Croall.

Til.—_BRYACEHAE.

1. PHascum. EartTH-Moss.
1. P. cuspidatum, Schreb. ( Pointed EH. )

Shady banks, &. Not unfrequent in old pastures round
Aberdeen.

Var y, piliferum. Crevices of rocks at the Girdleness
Lighthouse, G. D.

2. P. subulatum, Linn. (Awl-leaved H. )

Shady banks, &e. Very local. On a steep bank in Den
of Leggart, south-west from old Bridge of Dee, G.D. In the
moss behind Castleton, Braemar, Mr. Croall.

2. GYMNOSTOMUM. BEARDLESS-MOSS.

1. G. rupestre, Schwaeg. (Rock B.)
Damp rocks, in lower as well as higher parts of the dis-
trict. In Den Fenella ; at the Burn, &. &c. Mr. Croall.

2. G. tenue, Schrad. (Slender B. )

Shady rocks. Rare. North Esk, at the Burn, abundant,
Mr. Croall.

3. Weissta. WEISSIA.
1. W. controversa, Hedw. (Creen-tufted W. )
Dry banks. Frequent.
2. W. cirrhata, Hedw. (Bent-leaved W. )

Weissia. | III]. BRYACEAE. 239

On walls, boulders, &. Very frequent. Near Aberdeen,
at Stocket Moor ; Hill of Fare ; hills at Nigg, G.D. On ruins
of Mar Castle, Mr. Croall.

3. W. crispula, Hedw. (Curly-leaved W.)

On rocks. Frequent everywhere. Rocks at Girdleness ;
banks of Dee at Drumoak ; Glen Callater rocks, G.D.

4, W. verticillata, Bridel. ( Wherled W.)
Dripping rocks. Rare. Rocks at St. Cyrus, Mr. Croall.

4, RHABDOWEISSIA. STREAK-MOSS.
1. R. fugax, Br. and Sch. (Dwarf S.)

Crevices of alpine rocks. Rare. At the Linn of the Gar-
rawalt, Mr. Gardiner.

5. SELIGERIA. BRISTLE-MOSs.

1. S. pusilla, Br. and Sch. (Dwarf B.)

Shady calcareous rocks. Very local. On limestone in the
rocky bed of a stream between Loch Builg and Inchrory, Mr.
Mackay and G. D.; in crevices of rocks; north base of the
Mourne, and Carr Rocks, at Castleton, Mr. Croall.

2. 8. recurvata, Br. and Sch. (Curve-necked B. )

Rare. Rock by the North Esk river, at the Burn, plen-
tiful, Mr. Croall.

6. Burnpia. BLInpIa.

1. B. acuta, Br. and Sch. (Acute-leaved B. )

Moist rocks and stones. Generally diffused. Near Aber-
deen, at Corsehill, Scotston ; Howe of Corrichie, Hill of Fare;
common in the interior, G. D.

7. Anctoa. ARCTOA.

1. A. fulvella, Br. and Sch. (Brownish A. )

Fissures of alpine rocks. Not unfrequent in the interior.
Rocks in Glen Callater, G. D. Top of the cliffs above the
Dhuloch ; Lochnagar, and on Ben Macdui, Mr. Croall.

8. CYNODONTIUM.

1. C. Bruntoni, Br. and Sch. (Brunton’s Fork-mess. )

Alpine rocks. Frequent in the interior. Pannanich cliffs ;
Glen Callater Rocks, G. D. Linn of Garrawalt, Mr. Gardi-
ner ; rocks in Glen Clunie, north side, Mr. Croall.

9. Dicranum. Forx-Moss

1. D. polycarpum, Ehrh. (Many-fruited F. )

240 Ill. BRYACEAE. [Dicranum.

Alpine rocks. Rather local. On Bennachie, Mr. Don,
where I have also found it; in Glen Clunie, Mr. Croall.

2. D. pellucidum, Hedw. ( Pellucid F. )

Moist rocks by streams. Very local. Den Fenella, above
the old bridge, Dr. Stephen; Den of Robslaw, G. D. ; banks
of the Dee above Ballater ; and Ballochbuie, Mr. Croall.

3. D. squarrosum, Schrad. (Drooping-leaved F. )

Marshy places. Rather local. Bingley burn, Glen of Dye;
south end of the pier at Torry, Dr. Buea Bay of Nigg,
and Hill of Fare, G. D.

4, D. varium, Hedw. (Variable F. )

Moist Banks. Not uncommon. Den Fenella; Brae of
Comiston, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, steep banks at Torry
opposite the new pier ; Robslaw quarry, &c. G. D.

5. D. rufescens, Turner. (Reddish I. )

Moist banks. Rather local. Den Fenella, and Brae of
Comiston, Mr. Croall; near Aberdeen, at Robslaw quarry,
G. D.

6. D. cerviculatum, Hedw. (Spur-necked F. )

Turfy and sandy banks. Rather local. Formerly in Ferry-
hill moss, G. D. ; in Den of Midmar, Hill of Fare, &c. Mr.
Mackay and G. D.

7. D. subulatum, Hedw. (Avwl-leaved F. )

Moist banks. Sandy braes at Torry, opposite the pier,
G. D. ; east side of the Mourne at Castleton; and in Glen
Callater, Mr. Gardiner.

8. D. heteromallum, Hedw. (Silky-leaved &. )

Moist banks. Not unfrequent. Near Aberdeen, in Den of
Robslaw ; Hill of Fare; Bennachie, G. D. In Glen Clunie;
road-side west from Castleton, plentiful, Mr. Croall. Glen
Callater, Mr. Gardiner.

9. D. Blytitti, Br. and Sch. (Blytt’s Ff.)

Alpine rocks. Confined to the interior. On Lochnagar,
&c. Mr. Croall.

10. D. Starkii, Web. and Mohr. (Starke’s F. )

Alpine rocks. On the higher mountains. In Glen Callater,
G. D. ; top of Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

Var. 8, molle. North side of Lochnagar, among bouiders,
abundant in fruit, Mr. Croall.

Dicranum. | Ill. BRYACEAE. 24)

11. D. faleatum, Hedw. (Sickle-leaved F. )

Alpine rocks. Abundant in the higher parts. Hull of
Fare; Glen Callater, &c. Mr. Mackay and G. D. Top of Ben-
a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

12. D. fuscescens, Turner. (Dusky F.)

Shady rocks, &c. Generally diffused. Near Aberdeen, in
Den of Maidencraig; Den of Midmar, G. D. Lochnagar and
Ben Avon, Mr. Croall; Garrawalt and Glen Callater, Mr.
“Gardiner.

13. D. scoparium, Hedw. (Broom F.)

Shady banks, rocks, &e. Very common.

14. D. circinatum, Wilson. {Circinate F. )

Not unfrequent in the higher valleys, mixed with other
mosses, &c.; never by itself. Among J. Doniana, head of
Loch Avon, &c. Mr. Creoall.

15. D. palustre, Bridel. (Marsh F.)

Marshy places and moist banks. Rather local. Wet places
among the sand-hills in Belhelvie links, as at Black Dog,
&e. G. D.

16. D. spurium, Hedw. ( Wide-leaved F.)

On moors in the interior. Very local. South side of the
river Muick near the saw-mill, G. D.; among the heath on
the ascent from Little Craigendall to Ben Avon, Mr. Croall.

17. D. majus, Turner. (Tall F.)

Shady banks and rocks. Rather local. In Corrymulzie
and Glen Clunie, &c. Mr. Croall.

10. Levucosprytum. FoRK-Moss.

1. L. glaueum, Hampe. ( White-leaved F. )

Moist places on moors. Generally diffused. Near Aber-
deen, on Scotston moor; hills at Nigg; Hill of Fare; Ben-
nachie, &c. G. D.

1]. Ceratopon. ForK-Moss.

1. C. purpureus, Bridel. (Purple F.)
On banks, &. &. Very common everywhere.
12. CampyLopus. Swan-NECK Moss.

1. C. flexuosus, Dill. (Rusty S.)
Moist rocks. Chiefly in upland parts. Den of Midmar,
R

242 Ill. BRYACEAE. [Campylopus.

and Hill of Fare; at Loch of Park; on Lochnagar, &c. Mr.
Mackay and G. D. Glen Callater, Mr. Croall; Cairn-a-
Drochet, Braemar, Mr. Gardiner.
2. C. longipilus, Bridel. (Bristly S. )
Dripping rocks in the interior. Ben Macdui; Dhuloch;
Glen Callater, &c. Mr. Croall.
Te; oma Porrrs:

1. P. truncata, Br. and Sch. (Common P. )

On moist soil, old pastures, &c. Common.

2. P. crinita, Wilson. (Bristly P. )

Moist spots among rocks near the sea. Rare. On a rocky
poimt opposite Girdleness Lighthouse, G. D.

3. P. Heimi, Br. and Sch. (Lance-leaved P. )

Moist banks near the sea. Rather local. Along with last,
and in the Old Aberdeen links, G. D.

14. ANACALYPTA. ANACALYPTA,

1. A. latifolia, Nees. (Bulb-leaved A.)

Crevices of alpine rocks. Very local. Rocks, north base
of the Mourne, above Castleton, plentiful, Mr. Croall.

15. Disticuium. Du1stTicHium.

1. D. capillaceum, Br. and Sch. (ine-leaved D. )

Shady alpine rocks. Frequent in the interior. Callater
rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; Craig Koynach, at Castleton,
Mr. Gardiner. Carr rocks; Glen Clunie, &c. Mr. Croall.

16. Dipymopon. DiIpYMODON.

1. D. rubellus, Br. and Sch. (Reddish D.)

Shady walls, rocks, &c. Frequent. Rocks at the Burn,
parish of Fettercairn, Mr. Croail; on walls at Denmore, near
Aberdeen, G. D. ; on the bridge in Glen Clunie, Mr. Croall ;
Corrymulzie and Glen Callater, Mr. Gardiner.

17. TricHostomumM. ‘TRICHOSTOMUM.

1. T. rigidulum, Smith. ( Ligid-leaved T. )

Moist walls, banks, &c. Rather local. Den of Canterland ;
rocks of the Burn, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Robslaw
quarry, &c. G. D. Hast side of the Mourne at Castleton, Mr,
Gardiner.

Trichostomum. | Ill. BRYACEAE. 243

2. T. flexicaule, Br. and Sch. ( Wavy-stemmed T. )

On shady rocks. Local. Rocks at the Burn ; frequent in
Braemar ; Glen Callater ; Carr rocks, &c. ; always barren,
Mr. Croall.

3. T. homomallum, Br. and Sch. (Curve-leaved T. )

Sandy banks. Not unfrequent. Near Aberdeen, at Robs-
law quarry, G. D. ; Moist banks in Glen Clunie, Mr. Croall ;
on the east side of the Mourne, Mr. Gardiner.

\

18. TortuLta. ScREW-MOSsS

1. T. unguiculata, Hedw. (Bird’s-claw S. )

Moist. banks, &c. Very frequent. Rocks at St. Cyrus,
Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, south bank of the Don between
the two bridges, G. D.

2. T. fallax, Hedw. (fallacious S. )

Moist banks, &e. Not uncommon. Den Fenella, &c. Mr.
Croall. Near Aberdeen, on the banks of the Don, and in the
dry den, Countesswells, G. D.

3. T. tortuosa, Web. and Mohr. .(Curly-leaved S. )

On rocks. Not frequent. Usually barren. On the Kin-
cardineshire coast, G. D.; rocks at the Burn, Mr. Croall;
Glen Muick and Craig Koynach, Mr. Gardiner; Carr rocks,
among the debris, abundant in fruit, Mr. Croall.

4. T. muralis, Timm. (Wall S.)

Tops of walls, &. Very common.

5. T. subulata, Bridel. (Avwl-leaved S. )

Moist banks, &. Very frequent.

6. T. ruralis, Hedw. (Great hairy S.)

Walls, dry banks, &. Frequent. Abundant on St. Cyrus’
sands, Mr. Croall; pientiful in fruit among the sand-hills in
Old Aberdeen links, G. D. ; roofs of houses at Castleton, Mr.
Croall.

19. Crxciipotus. Water ScREW-Moss.

1. C. fontinaloides, P. Beauv. (Smaller W. )

On stones in streams. Very local. Den Fenella, at the
old Bridge, Mr. Croall; Den of Leggari, near Aberdeen, Dr.
Stephen.

20. Encatypta. ExTINGUISHER-MOSS.
1. E. commutata, Nees. (Sharp-leaved E. )

244 Ill. BRYACEAE. [Encalypta.

Alpine rocks. Very local and rare. Glen Callater rocks,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.
2. EH. vulgaris, Hedw. (Common EL. )

Walls, banks, &. Very local. Old walls on the hill north
from Den Fenella, Mr. Croall; wall by the old road at Brig-
ton, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. Near Aberdeen, on an old wall,
east side of the road from old Bridge of Don to Scotston and
Denmore, G. D. ; on the Carr rocks, at Castleton, Mr. Croall.

3. E. ciliata, Hedw. (fringed LE. )

Shady rocks. Very local. Only in the interior. Abundant
upon rocks in a wood on the south side of the road to Glen
Muick, abont two miles west from Ballater, G. D. In Corry-
mulzie ; Glen Callater, &c. Mr. Croall.

4, E. streptocarpa, Hedw. (Spiral-fruited E. )

Walls and rocks. Very rare and local. Old walls at the
Burn, Mr. Croall; on the bridge at Auchallater, near Castle-
ton, Mr. Gardiner; on the old Bridge of Dee at Invercauld,
Mr. Gardiner and Mr. Croall.

21. HepwicisA. BEARDLESS-MOSS.

1. H. ciliata, Hedw. (Hoary, branched B. )

On rocks and stones. Very abundant and general. St.
Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. A common species on the numerous
boulders upon moors round Aberdeen, and in the interior, G. D.

22. ScHISTIDIUM.
1. S. apocarpum, Br. and Sch. (Sessile S. )

On rocks and walls. Yery frequent and general.

Var. y, riwulare. On stones in streams. Den of Robslaw,
&e. &e.

2. S. maritimum, Br. and Sch. (Sea-side S. )
Maritime rocks. Very abundant along the coast.

23. GRIMMIA.

1. G. pulvinata, Smith. (Grey-cushioned G. )
On walls, roofs, and rocks. Common everywhere.

2. G. spiralis, Hook. and Tayl. (Spiral-leaved Gt. )

Alpine rocks. Confined to the interior, and local. Pan-
nanich cliffs, and Khoil hill, near Ballater, G. D. Ben Avon,
Mr. Gardiner ; Callater rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

Grimmia. | III. BRYACEAE. 245

3. G. torta, Hornsch. ( T'wisted-leaved G. )

Alpine rocks. Confined to the interior. Craig Koynach,
at Castleton, Mr. Gardiner; Callater rocks, Mr. Mackay and
G. D

4, G. tricophylla, Greville. (Hair-pointed G.)

On stones and walls. Apparently rare. Near Aberdeen,
on blocks of gneiss, west from Gilcomston Dam, near the
former site of the spade-mill, G. D.

5. G. patens, Br. and Sch. (Tall alpine G. )

Shady alpine rocks. Local in the interior. Glen Callater
and Lochnagar, Mr. Croall; rocks of the Dhuloch, Mr. Mac-
kay and G. D.

6. G. Doniana, Smith. (Don's G.)

Rocks and walls. Chiefly in the interior. On stones, &c.
by the road leading from Midmar Castle to the moss on the
Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; Pannanich cliffs, G.
D. ; old walls about Invercauld, Mr. Croall; Craig Koynach
and Ben Avon, Mr, Gardiner ; Cairngorm, Mr. Drummond.

7. G. ovata, Web. and Mohr. (Oval-fruited G. )

Alpine rocks. Rather local. On the summit of Bennachie ;
Pannanich cliffs, and on the walls of the vitrified fort, top of
Noth, G. D.

8. G. atrata, Mielich. (Black-tufted G. )

Alpine rocks. In the interior, and very rare. Glen Cal-
later, Dr. Greville ; rocks above Loch Kander, Mr. Croall.

24. RacoMITRIUM. FRINGE-MOSS.

1. R. aciculare, Bridel. (Dark, Mountain F. )

Moist rocks. In different parts of the district. Den
Fenella, and Bridge of Feugh, Dr. Stephen; rocks at the
Burn, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, in Den of Leggart, G. D. ;
abundant in Braemar, Mr. Croall; Pannanich cliffs, and Glen
Muick, G. D.

2. R. protensum, Al. Braun. (Narrow-leaved F. )

Moist alpine rocks. Higher parts of the interior. Glen
Callater, and base of Ben Macdui, Mr. Croall.

3. R. sudeticum, Br. and Sch. (Slender Mountain F. )

Alpine rocks. Higher parts of the interior. Glen Callater
and Dhuloch rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

4, R. fasciculare, Bridel. (Green Mountain F. )

246 III. BRYACEAE. [ Racomitrium.

On rocks and stones. Generally diffused. Hill of Wood-
ston, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Tollohill, Hill of Fare,
&e. G. D. Near Ballater, and old walls at Invercauld, Mr.
Croall.

5. R. heterostichum, Bridel. (Bristly Mountain F. )

On rocks and boulders. Very frequent and general.

6. R. lanuginosum, Bridel. ( Woolly F. )
On walls, rocks, and the bare soil. Common everywhere ;

3

forming a carpet of vegetation on the tops of the higher moun-
tains.
7. R. canescens, Bridel. (Hoary F. )

Heaths, and sandy and gravelly places. Frequent. St.
Cyrus’ sands, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Middleton ; on
Hill of Fare ; in Glen Callater, &c. G. D.

25. PTYCHOMITRIUM.

1. P. polyphyllum, Br. and Sch. (Many-leaved P. )

On walls and rocks. Apparently local. Near Aberdeen,
in the wood at Middleton, &c. G. D.

26. ORTHOTRICHUM. . BRISTLE-MOSS.

1. O. cupulatum, Hoffm. (Single-fringed, sessile B. )

Rocks and walls. Rather local. Den Fenella, Dr. Ste-
phen; St. Cyrus, Mr. Croall.

2. O. anomalum, Hedw. (Anomalous B.)

On rocks and walls. Rather local. St. Cyrus’ rocks ; rocks
and old walls, north base of the Mourne at Castleton, Mr.
Croall, Serpentine rocks near Meadowbank, Belhelvie; Bal-
later ; Corrymulzie, G. D.

3. O. affine, Schrad. (Common Wood B. )

Rocks; walls; usually on trees. Very general. Trees,
Den Fenella, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Drum; Hill of
Fare; Kinmundy of Skene; Corrymulzie; Craigendarroch,
G. D.

4, O. speciosum, Nees. ab Es. (Showy B. )

On trees. Apparently rare, and confined to the interior.
Corrymulzie, Braemar, Mr. Adamson.

5. O. diaphanum, Schrader. ( White-tipped B. )

Trees, &c. Apparently rather local. Near Aberdeen, on
trees at Hildon-tree, and Hermitage at Powis, G. D.

bo

~I

Orthotrichum. | Ill. BRYACEAE.

6. O. leiocarpum, Br. and Sch. (Smooth-fruited B. )

Usually on trees. Apparently local. Beside House of
Kinmundy, parish of Skene, G. D.

7. O. pulchellum, Smith. (Hlegant B.)

Usually on trees. Local, but usually abundant. Near
Aberdeen, on trees in Dens of Leggart and Maidencraig ; and
in the dry Den, Countesswells, G. D.

8. O. crispum, Hedw. (Curled B.)

On trees. Very frequent, especially in the lower parts of
this district. Hill of Woodston, and at the Burn, Mr. Croall.
Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen. Hill of Fare; Maidencraig ; about
Ballater, G. D.

9. O. Bruchii, Bridel. (Tawny-fruited B. )

On trees. Apparently confined to the interior. At the
Burn, parish of Fettercairn; trees west from Castleton, and
_ on Craig Koynach, Mr. Croall.

10. O. Drummondii, Hook. and Grev. (Drummond's B. )

Chiefly on Birch trees. In the upper districts. About
Castleton, Mr. Croall; Ben Beck, at Castleton, Mr. Gardiner ;
Corrymulzie, G. D.

ll. O. Hutchinsiae, Smith. (Miss Hutchin’s B.)

On rocks. Chiefly in the inland and higher parts. Rare.
Rocks at the Burn, Mr. Croall; Callater rocks, and rocks of
the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

27. ZYGopoN.’ YOKE-MOSS.

iz Lapponicus, Br. and Sch. (Lapland Y.)

Crevices of alpine rocks. In the interior. Rather local.
Khoil at Ballater; Glen Callater, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

2. Z. Mougeotii, Br. and Sch. (Mougeot’s Y.)

On moist shady rocks. Confined to the interior. Glen
Callater ; Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall.

28. THTRAPHIS. FOUR-TOOTHED MOSS.

1. T. pellucida, Hedw. (Pellucid F. )

Moist shady banks. Rather local. By the footpath near
the Queen’s Well, at Midmar Castle, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ;
im Ballachbuie and Glen Callater, Mr. Croall; near Pannanich
Wells, G. D.; Linns of Garrawalt and Quoich, Mr. Gardiner.

248 III], BRYACEAE, [Buxbaumia.

29. BUuXBAUMIA.

1. B. aphylla, Haller. (Leafless B. )

On stones in woods, and on heaths. Apparently rare.
Near Aberdeen, Mr. Jackson; on a moss-covered granite
block on the south side of the road about half-way between
Pannanich Lodge and Ballater, Mr. A. Cruickshank, from
whom I received a specimen. [ have often searched, but in
vain, for this fine species, yet I cannot doubt that it must be
frequent in such a district as this.

30. DiIpHysciuM.

1. D. folioswum, Web. and Mohr. (Leafy D. )

Usually on peat, in hollows on heaths. Very local. On
the hill one mile south-east of Pannanich Lodge, Mr. A.
Cruickshank ; Mr. C. conducted me to this spot, where the
plant grew in great profusion. Glen Callater, Mr. Croall ;
Ben Beck, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner. I¢ is often associated
with Buxbaumia, and both will doubtless be found in other
localities.

31. ArricHuM. Harr-moss.

1. A. undulatum, P. Beauv. ( Wavy-leaved H. )

On shady gravelly places. Generally diffused. Hills of
Woodston ; at the Burn, &c. Mr. Croall.. Near Aberdeen,
at Robslaw quarry, &c. G. D.

32. OLIGgoTRICHUM. HatR-Moss.

1. O. hercynicum, De Cand. (Hercynian H. )

On gravelly soil. Rare in the lower parts ; abundant on
the higher ranges in the interior. Near Aberdeen, upon banks
by the side of an old road between Bieldside and the river
Dee, G. D. ; Hull of Fare, Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; abundant
in the interior, on. Lochnagar, in Glen Callater, &c. &e.

33. Pocgonatum. Harr-moss.

1. P. nanum, Bridel. (Dwarf H. )

Moist gravelly banks. Rather local. At Robslaw quarry,
&e. G. D.

2. P. aloides, Bridel. (Aloe-like H. }

Moist banks, Frequent, and probably general. At the
Burn ; Den Fenella ; Hill of Woodston, &c. Mr. Croall. Near
Aberdeen, at Robslaw quarry ; Hill of Fare, &. G. D. In
the interior, on Craig Koynach and in Glen Clunie, Mr. Croall.

Pogonatui. | III. BRYACEAE. 249

3. P. urnigerum, Bridel. ( Un rn-fruited H. )

On moist shady banks. Frequent. At the Burn; on Hill
of Woodston, Mr. Croall. Robslaw quarry ; Nigg, &e. G. D.

In the interior, in Glen Clunie ; and road-side to Corrymulzie,
Mr. Croall.

4, P. alpinum, Bridel. (Alpine H.)

On rocks, &e. Chiefly in the interior ; very abundant.
Hill of Fare and top of Bennachie ; Morven ; Lochnagar ;
Glen Callater, &c. &. G. D

34. PotytricHum. HatrR-Moss.

1. P. sexangulare, Hoppe. (Northern H.)

On rocks and on the ground. -Confined to the higher
ranges. Ben Macdui, Mr. Mackay and G. D. Ben-a-Buird,
in fruit 1856 ; Ben-a- “Main, in fruit 1857, Mr. Croall. Upon
Lochnagar, bnt rather scarce, G. D.

2. P. commune, Linn. (Common H.)

In woods ; on moors ; and in bogs. Common.

3. P. juniperinum, Hedw. (Juniper-leaved H. )

On heaths, &c. Very frequent ; probably general. Moors
of Garvock, &c. Mr. Croall. Stocket and Scotston moors ;
Den of Midmar ; top of Ben Newe, &c. G. D.

4, P. piliferum, Schreb. ( Bristle-pointed H. )

On moors, wall tops, &c. Frequent. Garvock ; Hill of
Bandra ; St. Cyrus. In the interior, in Glen Clunie, Mr.
Croall. Top of Bennachie; frequent on turfi-capped walls
round Aberdeen, G. D.

35. AULACOMNION. THREAD-MOSS.

1. A. palustre, Schwaeg. (Marsh T.)

Bogs and marshes. Frequent. Near Aberdeen, at Corse-
hill; Nigg; Hill of Fare, &. G. D. About Castleton, Glen
Hye ; the Mourne, &c. Mr. Croall.

2. A. androgynum, Schwaeg. (Bud-headed T. )

Crevices of dry rocks. Very local. Den of Maidencraig,
near Aberdeen ; by the footpath half way up Craigendarroch,
and in Glen Muick, G. D. Linn of the Camarale Mr. Cr
diner ; about roots of birches, by the stream running into the
moss behind Castleton, Mr. @roall

36. LepropRyuM. ‘THREAD-MOSS.
l. L. pyriforme, Br. and Sch. (Golden T. )

250 Ill. BRYACEAE. [ Leptobryum.

Rocks and banks. Apparently very rare in this district.
Among the rubbish of Robslaw quarry, north side, I have only
once seen it, G. D.

37. Bryrum. THREAD-MOSS.

1. B. polymorphum, Br. and Sch. (Variable T.)

On alpine rocks, &c. Apparently rare; in the higher
parts only. Damp banks, Lochnagar, &c. Mr. Croail.

2. B. elongatum, Dicks. (Long-fruited T. )

Crevices of rocks. In the higher parts only. Glen Cal-
Jater and Lochnagar, Mr. Croall and G. D.

3. B. crudum, Schreb. (Alpine glaucous T. )

Rocks and banks. In the lower and higher parts of the
district. Near Aberdeen, in Den of Cults; Den of Midmar ;
Pannanich cliffs, G. D. Old walls at Castleton ; Glen Cal-
later ; Craig Koynach, Mr. Croall. Linn of the Garrawalit,
Mr. Gardiner.

4, B. nutans, Schreb. ( Pendulous T. )

Heaths and banks. Apparently of general occurrence.
Near Aberdeen, in the wood at Pitmedden ; Hill of Fare ;
Lochnagar and Glen Callater, G. D.

5. B. Wahlenbergit, Schwaeg. ( Wahlenberg’s T.)

Wet banks and dripping rocks. Not unfrequent. Den
Fenella, and Den of Canterland. Mr. Croall Howe | of
Corrichie, on Hill of Fare, and Glen Callater, Mr. Mackay
and G. D. Falls of the Garrawalt, Mr. Croall.

6. B. Ludwigii, Sprengel. (Ludwig's T. )

On moist alpine banks and slopes. Very local. Head of
Glen Callater, on the ascent to Canlochan, Mr. Mackay and

G. D. ; Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner; Lochnagar, Mr. Croall ;
Ben Macdui, from Loch Etichan upwards, G.D.

7. B. pseudotriquetrum, Schwaeg. (Alpine-bog T.)
Bogs, wet banks, &c. Frequent, especially inland. Near

Aberdeen, in the bog of Scotston, G. D.; sides of streams,
Glen Callater, &c. Mr. Croall.

8. B. alpinum, Linn. (Alpine, purple T. )

Moist stones and banks. Most frequent inland. Near
Aberdeen, at Scotston and Stocket moors, always barren ;

Hill of Fare, about Ballater, &. &c. G. D. ; Craig Koynach,
Mr. Croaljl; in fruit on Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

Bryum.] III. BRYACEAE. 251

9. B. pallens, Swartz. (Pale-leaved T. )

Moist places near springs, &c. In the lower parts and
inland. Den of Canterland; Glen Clunie, road-side to Corry-
mulzie, Mr. Croall; near Aberdeen, at Robslaw quarry, G. D.

10. B. uliginosum, Br. and Sch. (Bog 7.)

Wet banks, &c. Apparently local. Road-side to Corry-
mulzie, Mr. Croall.

11. B. inclinatum, Br. and Sch. (Small-mouthed T.)

On walls, banks, &c. Local? St. Cyrus’ sands, Mr.
Croall.

12. B. intermedium, Bridel. (Intermediate T.)

Walls, rocks, banks, &c. Probably often overlooked.
Den of Canterland, Mr. Croall

13. bimun, Schreb. (Lowland-bog T. )

Marshes, bogs, and wet rocks. Rocks at the Burn, Mr,
Croall; Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

14. B. capillare, Hedw. ( Greater-matted T. )
Walls, rocks, &. Very frequent.

15. B. cespiticium, Linn. (Lesser-matted T. )

Walls, roofs, rocks, &e. Very common.

16. B. sanguineum, Ludwig. (Bloody T.)

Heaths, walls, banks, &c. At the Glassilt, head of Loch
Muick, Mr. Croall.

17. B. julaceum, Smith. (Slender-branched T. )

Wet gravelly places. Not unfrequent. Gravelly banks
of the Dee near Aberdeen ; Corbie Den, Kingcausie ; Hill of
Fare; abundant by the Dee at Ballater, Mr. Mackay and
G. D. Glen Callater and Lochnagar, Mr. Croall.

18. B. argenteum, Linn. (Silvery T.)

On banks, walls, roofs, &e. Common everywhere.

19. B. Ziertt, Dickson. (Zierian T.)

Crevices of alpine rocks. Interior only, very rare. Glen
Callater rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; lLochnagar, Mr.
Croall ; Corry of Loch Kander. Mr. Gardiner.

20. B. roseum, Schreb. (Rosaceous T. )

Shady Banks. Rare in this district. Woods of the Burn,
Mr. Croall; Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.

bo
Or
ins)

Ill. BRYACEAE. [AInium.

38. Myium. THymsr, THREAD-MoSss.

1. M. affine, Bland. (Many-fruited T.)

Shady banks, rocks, &. Rare. St. Cyrus’ rocks, Mr.
Croall. ‘

2, M. cuspidatum, Hedw. (Pointed T. )

Shady banks and rocks. very local. Den of Robslaw ;
and wood at Pitmedden, G. D.

3. M. rostratum, Schwaeg. ( Beaked T. )

Moist shady rocks. Probably local. Abundant in Den
Fenella, about the old bridge, Dr. Stephen; Corrymulzie,
Mr. Croall.

4, M. serratum, Bridel. (Serrated T. )

Shady rocks and banks. Local. Den Fenella and Corry-
mulzie, Mr. Croall; Den of Midmar, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

5. M. hornum, Linn. (Swan-neck T. )

Shady banks and woods. Very frequent. Burn of
Bingley, Glen Dye; Den Fenella; hill of Woodston, St.
Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. Den of Robslaw ; summit of Bennachie ;
Den of Midmar, G. D. Corrymulzie; Craig Koynach, Mr.
Croall.

6. M. undulatum, Hedw. ( Wavy-leaved T.)

Shady banks and in woods. Frequent. In fruit at the
bottom of the stair in Den Fenella; Den of Davo, Garvock,
Dr. Stephen ; Hill of Woodston, in fruit, Mr. Croall. Den of
Robslaw, in fruit ; Den of Midmar, G. D.

7. M. cinclidioides, Huebener. (Large-leaved T.)

Wet alpine rocks and marshes. Very rare. Along with
Carex leporina, on Lochnagar, G. D.

8. M. punctatum, Hedw. (Dotted T. )

Wet shady places. Very frequent. Den Fenella, Mr.
Croall. Near the Railway bridge at Nigg, Dr. Stephen. Den
of Robslaw; Den of Midmar; and frequent on the coast
between Stonehaven and Aberdeen, G. D.

9. M. subglobosum, Br. and Sch. (Round-fruited T. )

Bogs and marshes, &c. Perhaps frequent, often mistaken
for the last. Hull of Woodston; Glen Callater, &c. Mr.
Croall.

39. MIBLICHHOFERIA.
1. M. nitida, Hornsch. (Mielichhofer’s Thread-moss. )

Mielichhoferia. | III. BRYACEAE. 253

Moist alpine rocks. Very rare. Head of Glen Callater,
1830, Dr. Greville; in 1856, Dr. A. O. Black.

40, MEESIA.

M. wliginosa, Hedw. (Long-stalked M. )

By springs; in marshes and bogs. Rather local. Near
Aberdeen, on Hill of Fare; at Pannanich, G. D. Glen Cal-
later ; Ben Votran, Mr. Croall.

41, AMBLYODON.

1. A. dealbatus, P. Beauv. (Lesser, pale A.)
Wet places in the higher districts. Very local. In Glen
Callater, Mr. Croall.
42. Funaria. CoRD-Moss.

l. F. hygrometrica, Hedw. (Common C.)
Banks, walls, &c. Common in the lower parts and inland-

43. PHYSCOMITRIUM. BLADDER-MOSS.

1. P. ericetorum, De Notaris. (Heath B.)

Moist spots, among heath, &c. Rather local North side
of Hill of Fare, opposite Mill of Midmar, Mrs. Mackay. Road-
side between Ballater and Bridge of Muick, G. D. Glen
Clunie, Castleton, Mr. Croall.

44, Bartramia. APPLE-MOSS.

1. B. fontana, Bridel. (Fountain A.)

Wet places, near springs, &c. A common species in the
lower districts, and often at high altitudes in the interior, as
at C, leporina station on Lochnagar.

2. B. calearea, Br. and Sch. (Thick-nerved A. )

Wet places. In the interior chiefly, and rare. Rocks at
the Burn, Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

3. B. pomiformis, Hedw. (Common A.)

Dry shady banks. Very frequent. Garvock; St. Cyrus,
&e. Dr. Stephen. Den Fenella; Rocks at the Burn, Mr.
Croall. Near Aberdeen, Den of Maidencraig, &c. ; Hill of
Fare ; Pannanich ; Glen Callater, &. G. D. Craig Koynach ;
Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall.

4. B. Halleriana, Hedw. (AHaller’s A.)

Alpine rocks. In the interior only, and rare. Glen Cal-
later, Mr. Edmonston.

254 III. BRYACEAE. [| Bartiramia.

5. B. ithyphylla, Bridel. (Straight-leaved A. )

Shady banks and rocks. Rather general. Near Aberdeen,
at Robslaw quarry ; Bieldside ; Den of Maidencraig ; on Benna-
chie ; Pannanich Cliffs ; Glen Callater, G. D.

6. B. arcuata, Bridel. (Arched A.)

On moist rocks and banks. Very local. Banks at the
burn ; Hill of Woodston, Mr. Croall. Shevock, Durris, Dr.
Stephen ; north side of Hill of Fare, near Mill of Midmar, Mr.
Mackay and G. D. Glen Callater ; Glen Eye, &c. Mr. Croall.

45, ConostomumM, CoNE-FRINGE Moss.’

1. C. boreale, Swartz. (Northern C. )

Gravelly places ; on the higher mountains only. Abundant
on Mount Keen ; Lochnagar ; Ben Macdui, &c. &c.

46. SPLACHNUM. COLLAR-MOSS.

1. S. vasculosum, Linn. (Large-fruited C. )

About Alpine springs. Rather local. On the Mourne at
Castleton, Mr. Gardiner. Head of Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

2. S. ampullaceum, Linn. (Flagon-fruited C. )

In bogs on droppings of cattle. Very local. In the bog
below Affrosh, Banchory-Ternan, Dr. Stephen. Near Aber-
deen, in the bog at south side of Corsehill, at Scotston, G. D.
In a boggy place, south side of Glen Muick road, near the
saw-mill, Mrs. Mackay.

3. 8S. sphaericum, Hedw. (ound-fruited C.)

Alpine bogs on decaying animal matter. Frequent. On
different parts of the Hill of Fare. Very fine and abundant
on the table land above Glen Callater, Mr. Mackay and G. D.
On Ben Avon, Mr. Croall.

47. TETRAPLODON. COLLAR-MOSS.

1. T. mnioides, Br. & Sch. (Brown Tapering C. )

On decaying animal matter, as bones, &c. Very frequent.
Glen of Dye, Mr. Kerr. North side of the Hill of Fare, near
Mill of Midmar, Mr. Mackay and G. D. Abundant in the
interior ; on Lochnagar ; in Glen Callater; Glen Derry, &c.
GD. Glen Dee; on the Mourne; on Ben Macdu, Mr.
Croall.

2. T. angustatus, Br. and Sch. (Narrow-leaved C. )

On decaying animal matter. In the higher parts. Rare.
Glen Dee; Glen Derry ; Lochnagar ; the Mourne, Mr, Croall.

to
Or
Or

T ayloria. | I. BRYACEAE.

48. TAYLORIA. COLLAR-MOSS.

1. T. serrata, Br. and Sch. (Serrated C. )

On peat soil. On the higher mountains only. Rare.
Var. y. tenuis. On the east shoulder of Mount Battock, at a
cairn by the side of the footpath, G. D. In Glens Derry and
Callater, Mr. Mackay and G. D. Moist ground by the side
of Callater Burn, at the head of the Loch, Mr. Gardiner.

50. Dissopon. COLLAR-MOSS.

1. D. Froelichianus, Grev. and Arnott. (froelich’s C.)

On Ben High, Aberdeenshire, Mr. Dickson. Believing
that the mountain so named is Bennachie (which is sometimes
called Ben High), I may state my belief that no such species
grows there. Mr. Wilson thinks the specimen in Mr. Tur-
ner’s Herbarium is but a starved state of D. splachnoides.
This statement induces me to believe that the specimen was
from some other part of Scotland, since I have no note of D.
splachnoides in this district.

51. CEpIPoDIUM. COLLAR-MOSS.

1. G. Grifithianum, Schwaeg. ( Griffith’s alpine C. )

Crevices of alpine rocks. Very rare ; in the interior only.
Steep rocks above the head of Loch Callater, on the west side,
by the ascent to Canlochan, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; Mr.
Croall and others have also gathered it in Glen Callater.

52. Fissipens. FLat ForK-moss.

1. F. bryoides, Hedw. (Common F.)
Moist shady banks. Very frequent. Jackstone, St. Cyrus,
Dr. Stephen ; Dens Feneila and Canterland, Mr. Croall. Near

Aberdeen, in Dens of Leggart and Robslaw; on Pannanich
cliffs, &e. G. D.

2. F. adiantoides, Hedw. (Marsh i.)

Marshes, wet rocks, &. Frequent. Dens Feneila and
Canterland, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Corsehill moss ;
Corbie Den; Den of Midmar; on Pannanich cliffs ; Corry-
mulzie, G. D. At Linn of Dee, Mr. Croall.

3. F. taxifolius, Hedw. ( Yew-leaved F. )

Moist shady clay banks. Apparently local. North bank
of the Don above the old bridge, in a steep ravine, G. D.

256 Ill. BRYACEAE. [Anectangium.

53. ANGCTANGIUM. BEARDLESS-MOSS.

1. A. compactum, Schwaeg. (Compact B. ) |

Crevices of alpine rocks. In the interior, and rare. Rocks _

in Glen Callater, Mr. T. Edmonston. |
54, ANTITRICHIA. WING-MOssS.

1. A. curtipendula, Bridel. (Pendulous W. )

Shady rocks ; and on trees. Rather local. Hill of Wood-
ston, Mr. Croall. At Linn of Muick plentiful, and in fruit
(1840), Mr. Mackay and G. D. Corrymulzie, Mr. Gardiner ;
Craig Koynach, Mr. Croall.

Foe Anomovon.

1. A. viticulosus, Hook. and Tayl. (Tall A.)

Shady rocks and trees. Apparently very local. Den
Fenella, Mr. Croall.

56. Preroconium. ‘THREAD-MOSS.

1. P. filiforme, Hedw. (Thread-like T..)

Rocks and trees. Apparently very local. Linn of Muick,
Mr. Mackay and G. D. ; at the Lion’s Face, Castleton, Mr.
Gardiner.

2. P. gracile, Sw. (Slender W. )

Shady rocks ; and on trees. Chiefly in the interior ; and

local. Den of Midmar; Khoil, at Ballater, Mr. Mackay and
G. D. In Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

56. IsotHecium. FrRonp Moss.

1. I. myurum, Dillen. (Blunt-leaved F. )

On rocks and trees. Coast line and interior. Den Fenella ;
Corriemulzie, Mr. Croall.

2. I. myosuroides, Dill. (Acute-leaved F. )

Trunks of trees and on rocks. Rather local. Den Fenella,
Mr. Kerr. Rocks at Girdleness, and Robslaw Den, G. D.

3. I. alopecurum, Dill. (Foxtail F.)

- In shady places. Coast line and interior. Dens Fenella
and Davo, Dr. Stephen. Dens of Cults, Midmar, &c. G. D.
Corrymulzie, at Castleton, Mr. Croall.

57. Curmacium. TREE Moss.
1. C. dendroides, Web. and Mohr. (Marsh T.)

Climacium. | III. BRYACEAE. 257

Shady and marshy places. Frequent. St. Cyrus’ sands,
Dr. Stephen. Abundant in Old-town Links, and east end of
Loch of Park, &c. G. D. Linn of Dee, &c. Mr. Croall.

58. LESKEA.

1. L. sericea, Dillen. (Silky L. )

Walls, rocks, &c. Frequent. St. Cyrus’ rocks, Mr.
Croall. Bridge of Muick, and Khoil near Ballater, Mr.
Mackay and G. D. Glen Callater and Craig Koynach, Mr.
Croall.

2. L. rufescens, Smith. (Reddish L. )

Alpine rocks. Frequent at high altitudes in the interior.
Lochnagar ; Glen Callater, &c. &c.

3. L. subrufa, Wilson. (Fine-leaved L. )

Alpme rocks. Apparently local, and confined to the
interior. Glen Callater rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D. Mr.
Croall has also found it there.

09. Hypnum. FEATHER-MOSS.

1. H. albicans, Dillen. ( Whitish F. )

Shady places. Apparently local. St. Cyrus’ sands Mr.
Croall ; Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and G. D

2. H. salebrosum, Hoffm. (Smooth-stalked F. )

On banks and trees. Falls of the Garrawalt, Dr. A. O.
Black.

3. H.populeum, Hedw. (Matted F. )

Rocks and trees. Coast at Muchalls; Den of Leggart, &c.,
CAD:

4. H. velutinum, Dillen. (Velvet F. )

Banks and trees. Probably frequent. Den Fenella;
woods of the Burn, Mr. Croall. Den of Leggart, G. D. ;
Ballater and Castleton, Mr. Croall.

5. H. rutabulum, Dillen. (Common rough-stalked F. )

Banks, walls, trees. Common.

6. H. rivulare, Bruch. (River F. )

On rocks and stones by streams; and sometimes under
water. Rocks at the Burn, and in Den Fenella, Mr. Croall.

7. H. praelongum, Linn. (Long F.)

Moist shady banks. Frequent; coast line and inland.
Den Fenella, Mr. Croall; Dens of Leggart, Robslaw, &c. &e.
Ga: Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall.

rs)

258 III. BRYACEAE. [Hypnum.

8. H. striatum, Hedw. (Common striated F. )

Shady banks and in woods. Woods of the Burn, and Den
Fenella, Mr. Croall; Den of Robslaw, G. D.; Corrymulzie
and Ballachbuie, Mr. Croall.

9. H. ruscifolium, Dillen. (Long-beaked water F.)

On rocks and stones in rivulets. Very frequent. Den
Fenella, Dr. Stephen. Rocks of the Burn; Corrymulzie ; Glen
Callater, Mr. Croall. Common in streams near Aberdeen.

10. H. catenulatum, Schwaeg. (Catenulaie F. )

Rocks and stones. Apparently local. On the moor at
Kirkhill, near new Church of Nigg, G. D.

11. H. serpens, Linn. (Creeping F. )

Shady walls, banks, and trees. Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen.
Woods of the Burn; Hill of Woodston; and in the interior at
Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall. Rocks at the old Bridge of Don,
Mr. P. Grant. Abundant in Den of Midmar, Mr. Mackay
and G. D.

12. H. stellatwm, Schreb. ( Yellow starry F. )

Bogs and marshes. Probably frequent. Corsehill bog,
near Scotston ; Glen Muick, &c. Mr. Mackay and G. D.

13. H. palustre, Dillen. (Marsh F.)

Stones and rocks in streams. Coast line and inland.
Rocks at the Burn, Mr. Croall; Dens of Robslaw and Mid-
mar, G. D. Corrymulzie, above the bridge, Mr. Croall.

14. H. molle, Dickson. (Soft, water F. )

Alpine rivulets. In the interior only, and rare. Aber-
deenshire, Mr. G. Don; Lochnagar, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

15. H. arcticwm, Sommerfelt. (Arctic F. )

Alpine rivulets. In the interior only, and local. Loch-
nagar, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; head of Glen Callater, Mr.
Croall.

16. H. stramineum, Dickson. (Straw-like F.)

In marshes. On the hills round the head of Glen Callater,
Mr. Croall; at the top of the waterfall, Glen Callater, Mr.
vardiner.

17. H. sarmentosum, Wahlenberg. (Twiggy F.)

Moist alpine rocks. Confined to the interior. Ben-a-Main,
in fruit, Mr. Croall.

18. H. cordifolium, Swartz. (Heart-leaved F. )

HHypnum.} III. BRYACEAE. 259

Marshes, &c. Very frequent. Annie’s Dam, St. Cyrus,
Dr. Stephen. Near Aberdeen, at Corsehill; Hill of Fare, &c.
G. D. Glen Callater, &. Mr. Croall.

19. H. cuspidatum, Dillen. (Pointed F. )

In marshes. Coast line and interior. Corsehil] marsh,
&c. near Aberdeen, G. D. Marshes above the river, Glen
Clunie, Castleton, Mr. Croall.

20. H. Schreberi, Dillen. (Schreber’s F. )

Woods and shady banks. Glen Quoich, &c. Mr. Croall.

21. H. purum, Linn. (Neat F. )

Shady banks, &. Very frequent.

22. H. tamariscinum, Hedw. (Tamarisk F. )

Woods and shady banks. Very frequent.

23. H. splendens, Dillen. (Glittering F. )

In woods; on heaths, &. Common. On Bennachie; Den
of Midmar, in fruit.

24. H. umbratum, Ehrhart. (Shady-rock F. )

In alpine districts only; generally on stones. Glen Cal-
later, Dr. A. O. Black.

25. H. triquetrum, Linn. (Triangular-leaved F. )

Woods and banks. Very frequent. Coast line and interior.
Top of Bennachie ; summit of Lochnagar, &. G. D.

26. H. loreum, Linn. (Trailing mountain F. )

In woods, &. Very frequent.

27. H. sguarrosum, Linn. (Drooping-leaved F. )

Banks and woods. Frequent. Hill of Woodston ; woods
of the Burn, Mr. Croall. Near Aberdeen, at Bieldside;
Maidencraig, &c. &c. G. D.

28. H. fluitans, Linn. (Floating £. )

Marshes and bogs. Frequent. Garvock; Glen Callater,
Mr. Croall. Hill of Fare, &c. &c. G. D.

29. H. revolvens, Swartz. (Circiunate F. )

Bogs and marshes. Probably local. Black-dog burn,
Belhelvie, G. D. Glen Clunie ; Glen Callater, &e. Mr. Croall.

30. H. aduncum, Linn. (Claw-leaved F. )

Marshes and wet moors, &. Frequent. Dripping rocks
on the coast south from Aberdeen; Corsehill; Hill of Fare,
G. D. Den Fenella; Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

260 III. BRYACEAE. [Hypnum.

31. H. rugosum, Hedw. (Rugose F. )

Alpine rocks. Rare. In the interior only. Rocks, Glen
Callater, Mr. T. Edmonston.

32. H. filicinum, Linn. (Lesser Fern F. )

Dripping rocks, &e. Local. Den of Jackstone, St. Cyrus ;
Den Fenella; rocks at the Burn, Mr. Croall.

30. H. commutatum, Hedw. (Curled Fern F. )

Dripping rocks. Coast and interior. Den of Morphy, Dr.
Stephen. Rocks at the Burn; Den of Canterland, Mr. Croall.
Abundant on moist rocks at Muchalls, G. D. Corrymulzie ;
Glen Clunie, &c. Mr. Croall.

34. H. uncinatum, Hedw. (Sickle-leaved F. )

Walls and rocks. Coast line and interior. St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen; Den Fenella, Mr. Croall. Robslaw Den; Loch of
Park ; banks of the Dee at Ballater, G. D. Corrymulzie, Mr.
Croall.

35. H. Crista-Castrensis, Linn. ( Ostrich-plume F. ).

Woods and banks. Chiefly in the interior. Woods in Den
of Midmar, Mr. Mackay and Mr. Barron; wood near Bridge
of Muick, at Ballater, Mrs. Mackay. At Loch Muick, in
fruit ; Craig Koynach, and in the wood west from Castleton,
Mr. Croall.

36. H. cupressiforme, Linn. (Cypress-like F. )

Walls, rocks, roofs, trees, &. Very frequent.

37. H. moliuscum, Dillen. ( Plume-crested F. )
On moist banks; on the ground, &c. Frequent.

38. H. ochraceum, Turner. ( Yellow mountain Ff. )

On stones in and near alpine rivulets. Lochnagar, 1807,
Mr. G. Don; bogs, head of Glen Callater, Mr. Gardiner ;
head of Loch Avon, Mr. Croall.

39. H. scorpioides, Linn. (Scorpion F. )

In bogs. Rather local. Moor of Benholme; Glen Dye,
Strachan, Dr. Stephen. Corsehill bog, G. D.; moss behind
Castleton, Mr. Croall ; Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

40, H. pulchellum, Dickson. (Neat, Mountain Ff. )

Shady rocks. Chiefly in the interior. Den of Midmar,
Mr. Mackay. Carr Linn; Corrymulzie; Craig Koynach, Mr.
Gardiner. Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

41. H. Muhlenbeckit, Br. and Sch. ( Muhlenbeck’s F. )

Omailia. | III. BRYACEAE. 261

Alpine rocks. Apparently in the interior only. Near the
top of the Mourne, at Castleton, G. D.; Glen Callater, &c.
Mr. Croall.

42. H. undulatum, Dillen. ( Waved F. )

In woods; on dry moors, &c. Very frequent.

43. H. sylvaticum, Linn. ( Wood F.)

Woods and rocks. Local. lLochnagar and Glen Callater,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.

44, H. denticulatum, Dillen. (Denticulate F. )

Woods and moist rocks.. Coast line and interior. Den
Fenella; Den of Davo, Garvock, Dr. Stephen. Woods of the
Burn, Mr. Croall. Robslaw Den; Bennachie, G. D.

Var. B, obtusifolium. On the Mourne at Castleton, Mr.
Gardiner.

60. Omatia. FEATHER-MOSS.

1. O. trichomanoides, Schreber. (Fern-like F. )

On trees and shady rocks. Near Aberdeen, in Den of
Cults, upon trees ; north bank of the Dee below Ballater Free
Church, G. D.

61. NECKERA.

1. N. complanata, Br. and Sch. (Flat-leaved N.)

Trunks of trees, walls, &c. Rather local. Den Fenella,
Mr. Croall; Corbie Den, Kingcausie, on trees, G. D. ; Den of
Midmar, Mr. Mackay; Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

2. N. crispa, Hedwig. (Crisped Neckera. )

On rocks and trees. Chiefly in the interior. Linn of
Muick, and Khoil hill, near Ballater; and rocky bed of a

stream between Loch Builg and Inchrory, Mr. Mackay and
(Coal By

62. HooKERIA.
1. H. ducens, Linn. (Shining H.)

Moist banks and fissures of rocks. Generally diffused.
Near the stair in Den Fenella; lower part of the Burn of
Bingley, Glen Dye, Dr. Stephen. On the coast at the Cove;
Corbie Den, Kingcausie; north bank of the Don above the
old Bridge. In the interior, on the Glen Callater rocks, G. D.
By a stream below the Carr rocks at Castleton, Mr. Croall.

63. FONTINALIS. WATER-MOSS.

1. F. antipyretica, Linn. (Greater W.)
On stones and rocks ; in lakes and streams. Very frequent.

262 I. RICCIACEAE. [ Riccia.

2. F. squamosa, Linn. (Alpine W.)

Mountain rivulets. Apparently confined to the interior.
Hill of Fare, Dr. Stephen. Upon Lochnagar, G. D. Glassilt
burn, in fruit; Glen Callater, Mr. Croall.

HEPATICAE LIVERWORTS.
I.—RICCIACEAE.

Sis Te OA:
1. R. erystallina, Linn. (Crystalline R. )

On moist banks. Very rare. Rocks at Grip, a quarter of
a mile west of Johnshaven, and on the borders of St. Cyrus,
Dr. Stephen.

Il._MARCHANTIACEAE.

1. MarcHanttia.
1. M. polymorpha, Linn. (Polymorphous M. )

Moist shady places and marshes. Frequent. Dens Fenella
and Laurieston, Mr. Croall. Near Newtonhill Station, north
from Stonehaven; Hill of Brigton, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.
Near Aberdeen, in a little marsh close by a wall at the bridge
on the road west from Summerhill; and Braediach moss,
Skene, in fruit at both places, G. D. Corrymulzie, and Falls
of the Garrawalt, Mr. Croall.

2. FEGATELLA,

1. F. conica, Linn. (Conical F. )

Moist shady places. Rather local. Den Fenella and Den
of Davo, Dr. Stephen. On the Kincardineshire coast, cave at
the Cove, &c. G. D.

2. F. hemispherica, Linn. ( Hemispherical F. )

Shady moist places. Frequent. Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen.
Near Aberdeen, in Den of Robslaw, &c. G. D. Common in
Braemar, Mr. Croall.

HiI,—_JUNGERMANNIACEAE. *
JUNGERMANNIA.
1. J. asplenioides, Linn, (Spleenwort J.) [Plagiochila.]

* In compiling, from my own collection, &c. the species of this family, I
have followed the arrangement in Hooker's British Flora, Vol. II. The new
genera of ‘Synopsis Hepaticarum” of Gottsche, Wc. are in brackets.

Jungermannia.| I. JUNGERMANNIACEAE. 263

Woods, shady banks, &. Very general. Den Fenella;
rocks at the Burn, Mr. Croall. At Corbie Den; Robslaw
Den; Dens of Leggart and Midmar ; Pannanich cliffs ; Corry-
mulzie and Glen Callater, G. D.

2. J. spinulosa, Dickson. ( Prickly-leaved J. )

Shady alpine rocks. Local. Glen Callater rocks, Mr.
Mackay and G. D.

3. J. Doniana, Hooker. (Don's J.)

Alpine districts. Rare. Head of Loch Avon, Mr. Lyon.

4. J. pumila, With. (Dwarf, simple J.)

Beds of alpine streams. Rare. Rocky bed of a stream
west from Loch Builg, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

5. J. cordifolia, Hooker. (Heart-leaved J.)

Alpine bogs and springs. In the interior only. Loch-
nagar; Ben Macdui; Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

6. J. Sphagni, Dickson. (Bog-moss J.) [Sphagnocetis,

Nees ab E.|

Boggy places. Rather local. At the Dhuloch and in Glen
Callater, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

7. J. crenulata, Smith.

Moist heaths and banks. Not unfrequent. South bank of
Don above the new bridge; wood at Pitmedden; Brimman
hill ; and Hill of Fare, G. D.

8. J. compressa, Hooker. (Compressed J.) [Alicularia.]

Mountain rivulets. Local. Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and
G. D.; Glen Avon, Mr. Croall.

9. J. emarginata, Ehrh. (Notched J.) [Sarcoscyphus. |

Wet alpine rocks. Chiefly in the higher parts. Dhuloch,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.; Callater rocks, Mr. Croall; Cairn-
gorm, Mr. Don.

10. J. concinnata, Lightf. (Braided J.) [Gymnomitrium. |

Moist alpine rocks. In the interior only. Lochnagar, Mr.
Mackay and G. D.; at the same place, in fruit, Mr. Croall ;
Cairngorm, Mr. Don.

11. J. Orcadensis, Hooker. (Orkney J.)

Among mosses, &c. in alpine parts of the district. Rocks

of Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; top of the Mourne at
Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

12. J. inflata, Hudson. (Inflated J.)

264 IIL JUNGERMANNIACEAE. [Jungermannia.

Moist heaths. On the hills at Nigg, G. D.; Craig Koynach
and Ben Macdui, Mr. Gardiner.

13. J. excisa, Dickson. (Small notch-leaved J. )

Moist banks in heaths and in woods. Corbie Den, King-
causie ; and Glen Callater, G. D.

14, J. ventricosa, Dickson. (Tumid J.)

Shady woods and banks. Robslaw quarry, and wood at
Pitmedden, G. D.

15. J. bicuspidata, Linn. (Forked J. )

Moist banks and heaths. Frequent. Corbie Den; Den of
Maidencraig ; Pitmedden wood; Hill of Fare; Brimman hill,
G. D. Glen Gairden ; Loch Builg, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

16. J. connivens, Dickson. (Forcipate J. )

Edges of bogs and marshes. About Aberdeen, and on Hill
of Fare.

17. J. byssacea, Roth. ( Byssus-like J.)

Dry heaths. Probably frequent. Among Polytrichum,
Mill of Finnan; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen; Robslaw
quarry; among Hypnum, in Den of Cults, G. D.

18. J. nemorosa, Linn. (Wood J.) [Scapania Nees ab EH. |

Woods and rocks. Very frequent. Bay of Nigg; Corbie
Den; Den of Maidencraig; Hill of Fare, G. D.

Var. B, purpurascens. Dhuloch; Ben Macdui; Pannanich,
Mr. Mackay and G. D. Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

19. J. planifolia, Hooker. (Flat-leaved J.) [Scapania.]

Moist alpine rocks. Rare. Head of Loch Avon, Mr.
Croall; Ben-a-Buird and Ben Macdui, Mr. Don.

20. J. umbrosa, Schrad. (Shady J.) [Scapania.]

Alpine rocks. Apparently rare. On the Khoil at Ballater,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.

21. J. undulata, Linn. ( Wavy-leaved J.) [Scapania.]

Wet places among rocks and by streams. Frequent. Moist
rocks on the Kincardineshire coast, as at the Cove, &c. Hill
of Fare; Loch Muick ; Lochnagar, &c. G. D.

22. J. albicans, Linn. ( Whitish J.)

Moist banks. Frequent. Mud fences at the Burn; dry
banks near Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall. Nigg; wood at Tullis ;
top of Bennachie, G. D. Hill of Fare; Glen Callater, Mr.
Mackay and G. D. At Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

Jungermannia.| Wil. JUNGERMANNIACEAE. 265

23. J. minuta, Crantz. (Small J.)

Alpine rocks. In the interior only. Craig Koynach, Mr.
Croall; Ben Beck, Mr. Gardiner; Glen Callater rocks, G. D.

24. J. cochleariformis, Weis. (Hollow-leaved J. ) [Physi-
otiwin. |

Moist alpine moors and among rocks. Very local. Base
of Ben Macdui; in Glen Dee; Glen Avon, Mr. Croall.

25. J. complanata, Linn. (Flat J.) [Radula.]

Trunks of trees. Common in most parts of the district.

26. J. Taylori, Hooker. (Taylor’s J.)

Moist rocks and bogs in alpine districts. Local. Glen
Callater and Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall; Lochnagar and Dhuloch,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.

27. J. scalaris, Schrad. (Ladder J.) [Alicularia.]

Banks, &c. Ben-a-Buird, Mr. Gardiner.

28. J. polyanthos, Linn. (Many flowered J.) [Chiloscyphus. |
Marshy places. Rather local. About Ballater, Mr. Croall.

29. J. Trichomanis, Dickson. (Fern J.) [Calypogeia.]

Moist ground in woods, &e. Local. Near Aberdeen, in
Den of Leggart, G. D.

30. J. bidentata, Linn. (T'wo-toothed J.) [Lophocolea. |

Moist banks by roads and in woods. Common.

31. J. barbata, Schreb. (Toothed J.)

Rocks, woods, and heaths. Frequent. Rocks at the
Burn; Den Fenella, Mr. Croall. Maidencraig; Robslaw Den ;
Den of Midmar ; Hill of Fare, G. D.

32. J. reptans, Linn. (Creeping J.) ([Lepidozia.]

Woods and shady places. Rather local. Den of Midmar,
on decaying stumps of trees, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

33. J. trilobata, Linn. (Three-lobed J.) [Mastigobryum. |

Moist alpine places. Interior chiefly. Den of Midmar and
Hill of Fare, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

Z oe 8B, minor. Ben Beck, Mr. Gardiner; Glen Callater,

34. J. juniperina, Sw. (Juniper-leaved J.) [Sendtnera.]

Alpine heaths and rocks. Very local. Glen Callater, Dr.
Black ; Ben Macdui, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

266 Ill. JUNGERMANNIACEAE. [Jungermannia.

35. J. julacea, Linn. (Silvery alpine J. )

On stones in alpine rivulets and marshes. Very abundant.
On all the higher mountains in the interior—Mount Keen;
Lochnagar ; Glen Callater; Ben Macdui, &. G. D. In fruit
on Ben Avon, Mr. Croall.

36. J. tricophylla, Linn. (Hair-leaved J.)

Turfy heaths. At high altitudes in the interior. Rare.
Glen Callater.

37. J. setiformis, Ehrh. (Bristle-like J. )

Alpine rocks. Rather local. Lochnagar, Mr. Croall; Glen
Callater, Mr. Gardiner ; craigs of Pannanich, G. D. ; rocks of
the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

38. J. platyphylla, Linn. (Flat-leaved J.) [Madotheca.]

Walls, rocks, and trunks of trees. Very frequent and
' general.

39. J. ciliaris, Linn. (Ciliate J.) [Ptilidiwm.]

Heaths and rocks. Coast line and interior. Hill at Nigg ;
Brimman hill; Hill of Fare, G. D. Top of Mount Battock,
and frequent on all the higher mountains.

40. J. tomeniella, Ehrh. (Spongy J.) [Trichocolea.]

Moist shady places. Very rare. Hill of Fenella, Kincar-
dineshire, Mr. Cruickshank.

Al. J. serpyllifolia, Dickson. (Thyme-leaved J.) [Lejeunia.]

Trees and rocks in sub-alpine districts. Coast lime and
interior; local. Near Aberdeen, on trees, Pitmedden, G. D.
Glen Clunie, &c. Mr. Croall. With Grimmia torta, Callater
rocks, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

42. J. dilatata, Linn. (Dilated J.) [Frullania.]

Trunks of trees. Common.

43. J. Tamarisci, Linn. (Tamarisk J.) ([Frullania.]

On the ground, &c. Very frequent.

44, J. pinguis, Linn. (Slippery J.) [Aneura.]

Bogs and watery places. Rather local. Hill of Fare;
Glen Muick ; Glen Callater, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

45. J. multifida, Linn. (Many-cleft J.) [Aneura.]

Moist shady places. Frequent. Near Aberdeen, at Robs-
law ; Den of Maidencraig, &c. G. D.

46, J. Blasia, Hooker. (flask-bearing J.) [Blasia.]

Nitella.] I. CHARACEAE. 267

Sides of rills and pools. Rather local. Usually in a barren
state. Abundant in fruit by the margin of a dam at the south
end of Den of Leggart, near Aberdeen, 1840, G. D. Road-
side to Corrymulzie, Mr. Croall.

47. J. epiphylla, Linn. (Broad-leaved J.) [Pellia.]

Moist banks by road-sides; in woods and waste places.
Very common.

48. J. furcata, Linn. (Forked J.) ([Metegeria.]

On trees, rocks, &c. Coast line and interior. Near Aber-
deen, north bank of Don at the old bridge; Dens of Cults and
Maidencraig ; Callater rocks, G. D.

Var. 8, elongata. Corrymulzie, G. D.
49. J. pubescens, Schrank. (Downy J.) [Metzgeria.]

Moist rocks. Inland parts only. Corrymulzie; Loch
Bulg; Ben Macdui, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

CHARAE. *
OrvEeR I.—CHARACEAE.

1. Nivea.

1. N. flexilis, Linn.

In pools and ditches. In several places in the vicinity of
Aberdeen ; marshes, &c. west from the Ruthrieston station,
Deeside line; by the side of the Stocket road, west from
Summerhill; very abundant in pools by the side of the Dee
near Murtle, and in various similar localities, but uncertain in
its appearance, G. D.

2. N. translucens, Pers.

This fine species formerly existed in Ferryhill moss; a
variety of it is very abundant in Loch of Park, G. D.

2. CHARA.

1. C. vulgaris, Linn.

Near Aberdeen, in pools on the moor at Scotston and Den-
more; near Summerhill, along with N. jlexilis; in ditches,
west side of Old-town Links, G. D.

2. C. aspera, Willd.

* These singular plants, usually placed among Algae, ought certainly to
occupy 2 higher place, for reasons which it would be irrelevant to discuss here.

268 I. USNEACEAE. [ Usnea.

This beautiful species is abundant in the Loch of Park,
G. D. In Loch Strathbeg, parish of Crimond, Dr. Templeton
and G. D.

3. C. fragilis, Desv.

In various places at Aberdeen, near Scotston and Den-

more; Stocket, &. G. D. In the parish of Clatt, Rev. J.
Minto.

LICHENES. LICHENS. *

I. GYMNOCARPI.
I.—USNEACEAE.
1. Usnea.
1. U. barbata, Acharius.

This well known species is plentiful on trees in various
parts of the district, as well as its forms, Var. florida; Var.
plicata.

IL.—CORNICULARIACEAE.
2. CORNICULARIA.

1. C. jubata, Acharius.

A very abundant species, generally on old fir trees.

Var. a, bicolor. Plentiful, especially in the interior ;
usually prostrate among mosses, &c.

2. C. ochroleuca, Ach.

On Cairngorm, where it was first observed by Sir W. J.
Hooker and Mr. Borrer.

3. RaMaLina.

1. BR. farinacea, Ach.

Common on old trees. Near Aberdeen, in Tollohill wood,
&c. &c. and also in the interior.

2. R. fraxinea, Ach.

Common upon old trees. In the woods of Countesswells,
near Aberdeen, abundant, and often in fruit.

3. R. scopulorum, Ach.

In great profusion along the coast, growing on rocks.

* In compiling the Lichens from my own collection, and notes by others,
[ have followed ‘‘Schaerer’s Hnumeratio critica, Lichenum Huropaeorum.”
The old names are, however, usually added.

Physcia. | II. CORNICULARIACEAE. 269

4, Puyscia.

1. P. furfuracea, Ach.

Rather local in the lower parts of the district. On the Hill
of Ardo, near Aberdeen, parish of Nether-Banchory, G. D.
Craig Koynach, Mr. Gardiner.

2. P. ciliaris, Ach.

Frequent on trees. Very fine in the woods at Midmar
Castle, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

3. P. tenella, Ach.

On trees. Near Aberdeen, as at Den of Leggart, &c.; also
in the interior, on rocks, summit of the Khoil at Ballater, &c.

4. P. prunastri, Ach.

Plentiful on trees.. Den of Robslaw, &c.

Ill. —_CETRARIACEAE.
5,, CHTRARIA.

I. C. glauca, Ach.

On rocks and trees. Not uncommon. Near Aberdeen, in
the wood west of Pitmedden; Bennachie, &e. Abundant in
Glen Muick, G. D. ; Craig Koynach, Mr. Gardiner.

2. C. nivalis, Ach.

Confined to the higher ranges in the interior, but there it
is very abundant, Lochnagar, Ben Macdui, &e. &c.

3. C. sepincola, Ach.

Woods at Pitmedden, &c. but not common.

4. C. Islandica, Ach.

Upon the ground at the cairns on the hills at Nigg, near
Aberdeen, about a mile from the sea, and 200 to 300 feet
above its level. Very generally diffused in the interior. Rare
in fruit, but found many years ago with apothecia by the late
Professor Graham, on the Mourne at Castleton.

5. C. aculeata, Ach.

Very abundant, both in the lower and higher parts of the
district. Near Aberdeen, along the coast; im fructification
upon the Hill of Ardo, Nether-Banchory. Very general in the
interior, and often along with C. Jslandica.

IV.—PELTIDEACEAE.
6. NEPHROMA.
1. N. resupinatum, Ach.

270 IV. PELTIDEACEAE. [Nephroma.

Rather local. Chiefly in the interior. Jackstone, St.
Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; on old trees, Glenmuick, and rocks of
the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.; Craig Koynach, Mr.
Gardiner.

7. PELTIGERA.

1. P. venosa, Ach.

In crevices of rocks in the interior. Rocks of the Dhuloch,
Mr. Mackay and G. D.

2. P. aphthosa, Ach.

Moist rocks among mosses. Rather local. Clockhill, Ben-
holme, and at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen. Abundant in fruit,
upon Craig Clunie, and the ‘‘Lion’s face,” Mr. Gardiner.
Craigs of Pannanich, G. D.

3. P. rubiginosa, Ach.

On trees in sub-alpine districts.

Var. a, affinis. The ‘‘Lion’s face” at Castleton, Mr.
xardiner.

4. P. canina, Ach.

Very common among mosses, &c. in different parts of the
district.

5. P. polydactyla, Ach.

Rather scarce, Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen. Near Aberdeen
it occurs on the Brimman hill; beside the wood west from
Pitmedden ; and at the Stocket moor, near Summerhill.

Var. scutata. Upon Ben Beck at Castleton, Braemar,
Mr. Gardiner.

8. SOLORINA.

1. S. crocea, Ach.

Confined to the more inland and higher districts. In
crevices of rocks on Lochnagar and Mona-rua range, Professor

Macgillivray. Rocks of the Dhuloch, Mr. Mackay and G. D.
2. S. saccata, Ach.

Confined to the interior, and rare. In shady crevices of
rocks on Craig Koynach, near Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

Var. laetevirens, (Endocarpon laetevirens). On peat, near
the base of the north-east slope of Cairnmanearn, Durris, Mr.
Sutherland.

V.—UMBILICARIACEAE.
9. UMBILICARIA.
1. U. polymorpha, Schrad.

Umbilicaria.] V. UMBILICARIACEAE. 271

Very generally diffused in one or other of its forms from
some of the lower districts to the higher points in the interior.

Var. 1, cylindrica. On the Hill of Fare; summit of the
Buck of the Cabrach, and other parts of the interior, G. D.
Upon Ben Beck, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

Var. 2, deusta. (U. proboscidea, Ach.) Common on rocks
and stones in the interior. Buck of the Cabrach, G. D. ; Ben
Beck, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

2. U. polyphylla, Ach.

Chiefly in the interior. Ben Beck, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

3. U. erosa, Ach.

Grows with other species of this genus; is confined to the
interior, and rare. Ben Beck, Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

4. U. polyrhizos, Linn. (Gyrophora pellita. )

Not uncommon. Near Aberdeen, on Corsehill, at Scotston,
upon boulders. In the interior, Ben Beck, Castleton, &c.

VI.—PARMELIACEAE.

10. Sricra.

1. S. pulmonaria, Ach.

‘Very local. Grip, west of Johnshaven; and Dunnottar
Castle, Dr. Stephen. Abundant and fine upon old willows at
the head of Loch Muick, Mr. Mackay and G. D.

2. 8. scrobiculata, Ach.

Along with the last, and also on the Dhuloch rocks, Mr.
Mackay and G D. Craig Koynach, Mr. Gardiner.

3. 8. sylvatica, Ach.

Rare. Trunks and roots of trees, Upper Braemar, Professor
Macgillivray.

4. 8. limbata, Ach.

On rocks. At Annie’s Dam, Kincardineshire, Dr. Stephen.

11. PaRMELtIa.

1. P. amplissima, Schaerer. (P. glomulifera, Ach. )

Trees and rocks. Rocks at Annie’s Den, Kincardineshire,
Dr. Stephen.

2. P. caperata, Ach.

On trees and rocks. On a tree upon the hill above Brigton,
St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.

272 Vi. PARMELIACEAE. [Parmelia.

3. P. conspersa, Ach.

On rocks and stones. Pier at Loch of Park, and at Bridge
of Feuch, Dr. Stephen.

4. P. saxatilis, Ach.

Very abundant on trees and rocks in all parts of the dis-
trict. Fertile on trees at Scotston, near Aberdeen ; and Glen
Muick, &e.

Var. 1, omphalodes. Plentiful everywhere. Near Aber-
deen, upon the Hill of Ardo, in fruit. Common in the interior.
A very remarkable form occurs on the top of the Buck of the
Cabrach, in general appearance resembling P. sinuosa, which
at first I supposed it to be.

5. P. stellaris, Ach.

Not uncommon on trees, coast line and interior. At Kin-
mundy of Skene; Den of Leggart, &. At Ballater, G. D.

6. P. Mougeotii, Schaerer. (Considered by some to be a

variety of P. conspersa. )

On rocks and boulders. Local. Upon Gneiss boulders at
Stocket moor, and in fruit, G. D.

7. P. ceratophylla, Wallr. [P. physodes, Ach. ]

On trees, &c. General.

Var. physodes. Very frequent.

8. P. olwvacea, Ach.

Not uncommon on trees. At Bieldside, near Aberdeen,
&e Gad:

9. P. Fahlunensis, Ach.

Abundant on stones in the interior.

Var. 1, stygia. Upon the hills at Nigg, near Aberdeen,
and also in the interior.

Var. 2, tristis. Abundant at the north top of Bennachie.
Very common on the higher mountains in the interior.

Var. 3, lanata. Plentiful on Morven, and general on the
higher ranges.

10. P. aquila, Ach.

Very abundant on the rocks at Girdleness lighthouse,
G. D. Benholme; Hill of Grip, &c. Dr. Stephen.

11. P. parietina, Ach.

On trees and walls. Common.

Var. candelaria. On trees, &. Frequent.

Lecanora. | VII. LECANORIACEAE, 973

12. P. elegans, Ach.

On the Khoil at Ballater; at the head of Loch Muick ;
Ben Macdui, &e. G. D.

13. P. hypnorum, Ach.

On the ground upon peat, and on various species of moss.
Very general in the interior. Pannanich cliffs; Glen Muick,
&e. &e.

VII.—LECANORIACEAE.
12. LECANORA.
1 L. murorum, Ach.

On walls and rocks. Frequent. About Aberdeen, at
Stocket and Robslaw ; on the Khoil at Ballater, &c. &c.

2. L. atra, Ach.

Common. Upon trees and rocks in different parts of the
district.
3. L. subfusca, Ach.

Generally on the bark of trees; sometimes on rocks and
stones. Abundant and general.

Var. hypnorum. Creeping over decayed roots of plants in
crevices of rocks at Girdleness, G. D.
4, L. muralis, Schaerer. (Squamaria saxicola. )

Var. saxicola, Ach. Rocks and stones. Frequent. Very
fine upon serpentine rocks, on the Khoil at Ballater, G. D.

5. L. pallescens, Linn.
On trees, rocks, and boulders.
Var. 1. parella. Is one of our most common species.

Var. 2. Upsaliensis. In the interior, encrusting mosses,
stems of heath, &c. Pannanich cliffs; Buck of Cabrach, &c.

6. L. tartarea, Ach.

In great profusion on rocks and boulders in the interior.
Very fine at Spital of Muick.

7. L. vitellina, Ach.
On trees and rocks. Very frequent. Coast line and

interior.
8. L. varia, Ach.
Not uncommon on wooden palings, &c. On dead trees in
the wood west of Pitmedden House.
Var. maculaeformis, On walls, Bay of Nigg; on shady
rocks in Glen Ey, and opposite Invercauld, Prof. Macgillivray.
Ay

274 VII. LECANORIACEAE. [ Urceolaria,

9. L. Haematomma, Ach.
Rare. On rocks about Ballater, Professor Macgillivray.

10. L. ventosa, Ach.

This beautiful species is abundant on the boulders at Aber-
deen; on Stocket moor, &c. Very fine on the rocks of the
north summit of Bennachie. Plentiful in the interior.

13. URCEOLARIA.

1. U. calcarea, Ach.

On rocks and stones. Bridge of Feugh, Prof. Macgillivray.
Jackstone, St. Cyrus; Benholme, Dr. Stephen.

2. U. scruposa, Ach.

On rocks and stones, and on the ground on moors. Com-
mon, Professor Macgillivray.

14. GYALECTA. .

1. G. Acharii, Schaerer. (Urceolaria Acharii. )

On rocks and stones. By the Burn, east of Hill of Wood-
ston ; St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.

VIII.—LECIDEACEAE.

15. Lecrpea.
1. L. triptophylla, Acharius.
On turfy heaths. Local.
Var. B, coronata. Head of Glen Callater, Mr. Gardiner.

2. L. lugubris, Sommf.

On rocks and stones. Rare. On weathered gneissic boul-
ders, moor immediately to the west of the Free Church School-
house of Castleton, Braemar, half-a-mile from the village, and
south side of the road to Linn of Dee, Dr. Lindsay.

3. Li. canescens, Ach. ( Placodiwm canescens. )

On trees and rocks. St. Cyrus; Benholme; Muchalls,
Dr. Stephen. Deeside, Professor Macgillivray.

4, L. geographica, Linn.

On rocks and stones. Common. Very fine on some of the
higher mountains, as the Mourne at Castleton, &c.

Var. atro-virens. Very frequent in different parts of the
district.

5. L. fumosa, Ach. (L. cechumena. )
Var. nitida. On rocks and stones. Frequent.

Lecidea. | VIII. LECIDEACEAE, 275

6. L. rivulosa, Ach.

‘On rocks and stones of various kinds,” Professor Mac-
gillivray.

7. L. verruculosa, Schaerer.

Var. atro-alba. Frequent on rocks and stones, Professor
Macgillivray.

8. L. confervoides, De Cand.

On rocks and stones.

Var. concreta. Glen Clunie; Glen Callater, and other
parts of Braemar, Professor Macgillivray.

9. L. confluens, Ach.

Abundant on rocks and stones. Very fine upon rocks at
Girdleness ; also in the interior, as Glen Callater, &c.

10. L. albo-caerulescens, Wulf.

On rocks and stones.

Var. flavo-caerulescens. Aberdeenshire, Professor Mac-
gillivray.

11. L. flavo-virescens, Ach.

Var. scabrosa. On tiles near Abérdeen, Professor Mac-
gillivray.

12. L. punctata, Hoffm.

On trees. Frequent.

Var. parasema. Aberdeen, Professor Macgillivray.

Var. pinicola. On bark of the Scotch fir.

13. L. sanguinaria, Ach.

On rocks and trees. Frequent about Braemar. Ben
Beck ; and ‘‘ Lion’s face,” Castleton, Mr. Gardiner.

14. L. sabuletorum, Flk.

Var. muscorum. On moors in Nigg, Durris, and Ban-
chory-Ternan, Professor Macgillivray.

15. L. granulosa, Ach.

Var. decolorans. Probably of general occurrence m the
district ; the finest examples I possess are from peat soil, a
little to the south of the north top of Bennachie, where it is
plentiful.

16. L. aeruginosa, Schaerer. (L. icmadophila. )

This beautiful species is plentiful on peat in the higher
parts of the district. Very fie on the hill above Pannanich,

276 IX. GRAPHIDIACEAE [Opegrapha.

near Ballater, G. D. Hill of Fare; and in Strachan, Dr.
Stephen.
17. L. ferruginea, Schaerer.
St. Cyrus ; Johnshaven, Dr. Stephen. Khoil at Ballater,
D

"Var. festiva. On granite at Nigg, &c., Prof. Macgillivray.

18. L. aurantiaca, Schaerer.

Var. flavo-virescens. On rocks and stones in the upper
parts, Professor Macgillivray.

19. L. cerina, Schaerer.
_ On bark of trees. Rather scarce. Slievanachie, Ballater,
G.

1X.—GRAPHIDIACEAE.
16. OPEGRAPHA. .

1. O. scripta, Ach.

On the smooth bark of trees. On the bark of the Hazel,
Professor Macgillivray. Hill of Fare, Dr. Stephen.

2. O. atra, Pers.

In its various forms on the bark of trees.

Var. radiata. On the Beech, Mountain Ash, and other
trees.

Var. epipasta. On the bark of trees, Deeside, Professor
Macgillivray.

Var. vulgata. On the bark of Eims in Den of Robslaw.

Var. Swartziana. On trees, Deeside, Professor Mac-
gillivray.

3. O. herpetica, Ach.

Var. siderella. On the bark of trees, Deeside, Professor
Macgillivray.

4. O. saxatilis, De Cand.

On rocks and stones. On the wall by the sea at Brother-
ton, near Johnshaven, Dr. Stephen. Mica slate in Glen Hy ;
on Hornblende slate upon Morven, Professor Macgillivray,
(Under the name Lecidea simplex. )

17. ARTHONIA.

1. A. impolita, Borrer.

On the bark of trees. Not unfrequent near Aberdeen.
Den of Robslaw, G. D. On Ash, foot of Den of Leggart, Dr.
Stephen.

ho
~I
~I

Calicium. | X. CALICIACEAE.

X.—CALICIACEAE.
18 CaLictum.

1. C. turbinatum, Pers.
On Pertusaria communis, Deeside, Professor Macgillivray.

XI.—CLADONIACEAE.
19. STEREOCAULON.

1. S. condensatum, Hoffm.
On peat soil, Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen.

2. S. paschale, Ach.

Hill of Ardo; abundant in the interior, very fine on the
summit of Morven.

Var. denudatum. Cairn-a-Drochet, Castleton, Mr. Gar-
diner.

20. BAsomYcEs.

1. B. roseus, Pers.

Jackstone, St. Cyrus; Benholme; Hill of Fare, Dr.
Stephen. In the wood at Denmore, and in Den of Leggart,
near Aberdeen, G. D.

2. B. byssoides, Schaerer. (B. rufus Wahl. )

On rocks and on the ground, Deeside, Professor Mac-
gillivray. Brigton, St. Cyrus; Nigg; Corrichie on Hill of
Fare, Dr. Stephen.

3. B. placophyllus, Ach.

On the ground and on the wall tops, Deeside, Professor
Macgillivray.

21. CLADONIA.
1. C. extensa, Schaerer. (C. coccifera. )
On moors, abundant everywhere.

2. C. deformis, Hoffm.

On moors; not very frequent. At Hazelhead; Hill of
Fare, &c.

3. C. bellidiflora, Schaerer.

On rocks and on the ground. Generally diffused, but
finer and more abundant in the interior. Lochnagar, &c. &c.

4. C. fimbriata, Fries.

On heaths, walls, &. Not uncommon. Very large on
the Hill of Fare. ;

278 XI. CLADONIACEAE. [Cladonia.

5. C. pyxidata, Schaerer.
On heaths, walls, &e. Common.
6. C. alcicornis, FIk.

On heaths. Hill of Ardo near Aberdeen ; crevices of
moist rocks; Pannanich, &c.

7. C. cervicornis, Schaerer.

On the ground and moist rocks. Deeside, Professor Mac-
gillivray.

8. C. gracilis, Fik.

On moors. Hill of Fare, &c.

9. C. stellata, Schaerer.

On peat soil.

Var. uncialis. On moors near Aberdeen ; Hill of Fare ;
Pannanich, &c. &e.

10. C. squamosa, Hoffm.

On dead trees, &c. Fine and abundant in the wood, a
little west from the House of Pitmedden.

ll. C. furcata, Schaerer.

On moors, &c. Stocket Moor, &e.

12. C rangiferina, Hoffm.

Very abundant. Coast line and interior.

13. C. papillaria, Hoffm.

Moors on Benholme and Strachan, Dr. Stephen; on Ben
Macdui, Dr. Lindsay ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen, G. D.

22. THAMNOLIA.*
1. T. vermicularis, Ach.
On alpine moors. Local. Hill of Fare. Braemar, &c.

XII.— COLLEMACEAE.
23. COLLEMA.
1. C. nigrescens, Ach.

On moist shady rocks, and on trees. In Den of Robslaw,
G. D.; Den Fenella, above the old bridge, in fruit, Dr.
Stephen.

2. C. spongiosum, Ach.
9

* The position of this genus is still rather doubtful ; some would place
it near Bacomyces.

Sphaerophoron] XII. SPHAEROPHORACEAE. 279

On the ground among mosses. Deeside, Professor Macgilli-
vray.

3. C. muscicola, Ach.

On rocks, among mosses. North-west side of Clockhill,
Benholme ; and westward, in St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.

4, C. atro-caeruleum, Schaerer.

Var. lacerum, among mosses in shady places. Lower part
of Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen ; Deeside, Prof. Macgillivray.

24. LicHINa.
1. L confinis, Agardh.

Marine rocks, near high water mark. Abundant along the
Kincardineshire coast.

ew,

Pre

II.—ANGIOCARPI.

XITI.—_SPHAEROPHORACEAE.
25. SPHAEROPHORON.

1. S. coralloides, Pers.

On the ground, &c. Sometimes plentiful—especially in the
inland and higher parts. Glen Callater ; Buck of Cabrach, &c.

2. S. fragile, Pers.

On rocks, &. Generally diffused, and sometimes with
the last species.

XIV.—ENDOCARPACEAE.
26. ENDOCARPON.
1. E. miniatum, Ach.

On rocks, dry or moist. Rather local. Near Cove Hill,
Johnshaven ; burn east of Biddrie, St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen.
On stones at the outlet of Gilcomston dam ; and very abund-
ant on boulders at Loch of Loirston, G. D. ,

2. EH. smaragdulum, Ach. (Lecanora cervina, var smarag-

dulum, Sch.)

On rocks and walls. Rather local. Upon stones of a wall
opposite Robslaw quarry, south side; and boulders, Stocket
moor, G. D.

3. EK. pusillum, Hedw. (BE. Hedwigii, Ach.)

On barren heaths, St. Cyrus; Muchalls; Nigg, &c. Dr.
Stephen.

280 XIV. ENDOCARPACEAE. [ Pertusaria.

27. PERTUSARIA.

1. P. communis, De Cand.

On trees. Frequent. Den Fenella, Dr. Stephen. Abun-
dant in Den of Robslaw, &c. &c. G. D.

2. P. sulphurea, Schaerer.

Upon trees. Rather local. On the Beech, Corby Den,
Maryculter, Professor Macgillivray.

28. THELOTREMA.

1. T. lepadinum, Ach.
On the trunks of trees. Deeside, Professor Macgillivray.

XV.—VERRUCARIACEAE.
29. PyRENULA.

1. P. submersa, Schaerer. (Verrucaria submersa, )

On wet stones. Very local. In the wood at Tullis, Nigg ;
in a rivulet on Little Craigendall, G. D.

2. P. Maura, Flk. (Verrucaria Maura. )

On rocks. Very abundant on the Kincardineshire coast.

3. P. nigrescens, Ach. (Verrucaria nigrescens, Pers. )

On rocks and walls. Deeside, Professor Macgillivray.

4, P. nitida, Ach. (Verrucaria nitida. )

On bark of trees. Hill of Fare; by the burn of Hatton,
on Alders, Dr. Stephen,

30. VERRUCARIA.

1. V. epipolaea, Ach.

On rocks. At Abergairn, near Ballater, Professor Mac-
gillivray.

2. V. epidermidis, Ach.

On bark of trees. On birches, Hill of Fare, Dr. Stephen ;
in Corbie Den, G. D,

3. V. levata, Ach.

Rocky beds of streams. Rocks by the burn in Den
Fenella; and east from Hill of Woodston, St. Cyrus, Dr.
Stephen.

Halidrys. | I, FUCACEAE. 281

ALGAE. SEA-WEEDS, &c.

oa pa a pee aes

Sub-Class I.—MELANOSPERMEAE.
L—FUCACEAE.
1. HaLiprRys.

1. H. siliquosa, Lyngb. (Podded H.)

Common on all rocky parts of the coast ; in pools between
tide-marks, and at greater depths.

2. Fucus.
1. F. vesiculosus, L. (Twin-bladdered F. )
Common on all parts of the coast.

2. F. ceranoides, L. (Horn-like F.)
Abundant near mouths of rivers.

3. F. serratus, L. (Serrated F. )
Common between tide-marks.

4, F. nodosus, L. (Nobbed F. )
Common between tide-marks.

5. F. canaliculatus, L. (Channeled F.)
Common from half-tide level to high-water mark, and be-

yond on rocks moistened by spray.
3. HIMANTHALIA.

1. H. Lorea, Lyngb. (Thong-like H.)
Abundant about low-water mark.

Il.—_SPOROCHNACEAE.
_ 4, DESMARESTIA.
1. D. ligulata, Lamour. (Tapering D.)
Rather rare ; generally in deep water on our coast.

2. D. aculeata, Lamour. (Prickly D.)
Common in pools about low-water mark, and in deep water.

3. D. viridis, Lamour. (Green D.)
Rare ; usually cast up from deep water.

282 III. LAMINARIACEAE. [Alaria.

ITI.—LAMINARIACEAE.
5. ALARIA.
1. A. esculenta, Greville. (Hdible A.)
Common about low-water mark.

_ 6. LAMINARIA.
1. L. digitata, Lamour. (Fingered L. )
Common ; usually from deep water to low-water mark.
Var. stenophylla. Distinguished from the last by its more
slender proportions, and darker colour. Occasionally cast up
in Bay of Nigg and elsewhere.
2. L. longicruris, Dela Pyl. (Long-stalked L. )

Cast up at Cruden, Mr. Dawson; and at Peterhead, Mr.
Peach. I possess a specimen of this remarkable species, found
by Rev. G. Harris in May, 1850, on the beach at Gamrie,
Banffshire ; it had evidently been drifted from some distant
locality. Specimens have been found, under like circum-
stances, at Orkney, also on Ayrshire coast, and in the North
of Ireland. It is a well-known plant on the coast of Green-
jand and northern shores of America.

3. L. saccharina, Lamour. (Saccharine L. )

Abundant in deep water, and about low-water mark.

4, L. Phyllitis, Lamour. (Hart’s-tongue L.)

Coast at Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill, and Mr. Bell. Rather
scarce on the Kincardineshire coast; at Cove, G. D. Coast
at Macduff, Rev. W. Grigor.

5. L. Fascia, Ag.. (Band L. )

About Stonehaven, Miss Smith. At Peterhead, Rev. J.
Yuill, and Mr. Bell. Bay of Nigg, &c. ; upon Rhodymenia
palmata, G. D.

7. CHORDA.

1. C. Filum, Lamour. (Thread C.)

General on the coast ; in pools between tide-marks and in
deeper water.

2. C. lomentaria, Lyngb. (Jointed C. )

Common in pools between high and low-water marks.

TV.—DICTYOTACEAE.
8. DicTYOsIPHON.

1. D. feniculaceus, Greville. (ennel D.)
Common between tide-marks.

Punctaria.] IV. DICTYOTACEAE. 283

9, PUNCTARIA.
1. P. latifolia, Greville. (Broad-leaved P.)
Coast at Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell
2. P. plantaginea, Greville. (Plantain P.)
Common between tide-marks.

10. ASPEROCOCCUS.
1. A. echinatus, Greville. (Prickly A.)
Common between tide-marks.

11. LrrosipHon.
1. L. pusillus, Harvey. (Small L.)
Upon other Algae, but not common.
2. L. Laminariae, Harvey. (Laminaria L.)
Not uncommon ; growing upon Alaria esculenta.

V.—CHORDARIACEAE.

12. CHORDARIA.
1. C. flagelliformis, Agardh. ( Whip-like C.)
Common between tide-marks.

13. Mesoenota.
1. M. vermicularis, Agardh.* ( Worm-like M. )
Between tide-marks. Rather local. At Peterhead, Rev.

J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; at Gamrie, Rev. G. Harris and G. D.

2. M. virescens, Carmichael. (Pale-green M. )
Of general occurrence between tide-marks.

14. LEATHESIA.
1. L. tuberiformis, 8. F. Gray. (Tuber-like L.) ©
Common on rocks and Algae between tide-marks.

15. Rawrsia.
1. R. verrucosa, Berkeley. ( Warty R.)
Abundant on the Kincardineshire coast, south of Aber-
deen. Usually encrusting the bottom of rocky pools, near

high-water mark. I have found the fructification on specimens
gathered at Girdleness.

* Rev. J. Yuill writes—‘“‘ M. vermicularis and M. virescens seem to be
the same plant, virescens in its spring state, and vermicularis when older.”
My own observations induce me to consider them distinct, G. D.

284 V. CHORDARIACEAE. | Hlachista.

16. ELacuista.
1. E. fucicola, Fries. (Fucus EL.)
On various species of Mucus. Occasionally along our coasts.

2. EK. velutina, Fries. (Velvety EL. )
Upon Himanthalia Lorea ; at the Cove, four miles south
from Aberdeen, G. D.
17. MyrionEMa.
1. M. strangulans, Greville. (Choking M.)
At the Cove, upon Hntoromorpha compressa.
2. M. punctiforme, Harvey. (Dot-like M. )
Not uncommon upon Ceramium rubrum.

VI.—ECTOCARPACEAE.
18. CLADOSTEPHUS.
1. C. verticillatus, Agardh. ( Whorled C.)
Rather rare. Coast south of Aberdeen, G. D. At Peter-
head, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.
2. C. spongiosus, Agardh. (Spongy C.)
Not uncommon about low-water mark.

19. SPHACELARIA.

1. 8S. plumosa, Lyngbye. (feathery S.)

Rare. Coast at Stonehaven, Miss Smith; at low-water
mark, south side of the Bay of Nigg, G. D.; at Peterhead,
Rey. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; at Macduff, Rev. W. Grigor.

2. 8. cirrhosa, Agardh. (Hair-like S. )

Not uncommon, between tide-marks, in small tufts upon
other Algae.

3. 8. radicans, Harvey. (Rooting S.)

I have only seen this species in one locality, viz. at a little
cove opposite to the Girdleness lighthouse, on perpendicular
faces of rocks between tide-marks.

20. EcrocaRPus.

1. E. siliculosus, Lyngbye. (Pod-fruited EL. )

Common on other Algae between tide-marks.

2. E. fasciculatus, Harvey. (Fasciculate H. )

Between tide-marks on other Algae. At Peterhead, Rev.
J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

Ectocarpus. | VI. ECTOCARPACEAE. 285

3. E. Hincksiae, Harvey. (Hinck’s E.)

Abundant on the fronds of Laminaria digitata at Bay of
Nigg and other places, G. D. At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill
and Mr. Bell.

4, EK. tomentosus, Lyngbye. ( Woolly EL.)

Very abundant on Algae and on rocks between tide-marks.

5. E. crinitus, Carmichael. (Hairy LE.)

Muddy shores. Rare. At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and
Mr. Bell.

6. E. littoralis, Lyngbye. (Shore EL.)

Very common at various depths along the coast, and often
in estuaries.

7. E. granulosus, Agardh. (Granulous EL. )

In rock pools at Torry, opposite the pier-head, G. D. At
Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

8. E. sphaerophorus, Carm. ( Warty EH.)

Between tide marks. Upon Callithamnion Arbuscula,
Polysiphonia nigrescens, &c. at Girdleness; Bay of Nigg, &c.
G. D. At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

9. EK. Mertensii, Agardh. ( Mertens’ E.)

Rare. On the walls of the north harbour at Peterhead,
Mr. Peach, from whom I have received specimens.

10. E. brachiatus, Harvey. (Cross-branched E. )

Very rare. A few specimens cast on shore at Peterhead,
Rev. J. Yuill.
21. Myriotricuia.

1. M. clavaeformis, Harvey. (Club-shaped M. )
Rare. Upon Mesogloia virescens at Girdleness, &c.
2. M. jiliformis, Harvey. (Thread-like M. )

Not uncommon. Usually upon Chorda lomentaria, at Nigg,
&c. At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

Sub-Class 1].—RHODOSPERMEAE.

VIT.—RHODOMELACEAE.
22. ODONTHALIA.
1. O. dentata, Lyngbye. (Toothed O. )

286 VII. RHODOMELACEAE. [Odonthalia.

About low-water mark, and in deep water. Very abundant
along our shores, as, indeed, it generally is in Scotland; con-
fined to north of England and north of Ireland.

23. RHODOMELA.

1. R. lycopodioides, Agardh. (( Lycopodium R. )

Abundant on rocks and on Algae at Girdleness; Cove;
Peterhead, &c.

2. R. subfusca, Agardh. (Brownish R. )

Occasionally along the Kincardineshire coast, G. D. At
Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

24, PoLYSIPHONIA.

1. P. urceolata, Greville. (Pitchered P. )

Common on rocks and Algae about low-water mark.

2. P. fibrata, Harvey. (fibred P. )

Occasionally on the coast south of Aberdeen, about low-
water mark, G. D.; at Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

3. P. elongella, Harvey. (Divaricaie P. )

Occasionally cast up on the coast south of Aberdeen, G. D. ;
at Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

4, P. elongata, Greville. (Elongated P. )

At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

5. P. violacea, Greville. (Violet P.)

About low-water mark. Not uncommon on the coast south
from Aberdeen, G. D. ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr.
Bell.

6. P. jfibrillosa, Greville. (Fibrillose P.)

Pools between tide-marks. Frequent. At Peterhead,
Rey. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; Kincardineshire coast, G. D.

7. P. Brodiaei, Greville. (Brodie’s P.)
About low-water mark. Abundant.

8. P. nigrescens, Greville. (Blackish P. )
Common on rocks, &c. between tide-marks.

9. P. atro-rubescens, Greville. (Dark-red P.)

Local. In pools on the scaly rocks at Black-dog, Bel-
helvie, G. D. ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

10. P. fastigiata, Greville. (Tufted P.)
Generally between tide-marks. Very common on Fucus.

Bonnemaisonia. | VIII. LAURENCIACEAE. 287

11. P. parasitica, Greville. (Parasitic P. )

About low-water mark. Rare. In the small cove at Dun-
nottar Castle, Miss Smith ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr.
Bell; Macduff, Rev. W. Grigor.

12. P. byssoides, Greville. (Byssoid P. )
Occasionally cast up at Aberdeen, G. D.; Peterhead, Rev.
J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.
25. Dasya.

1. D. coccinea, Ag. (Scarlet D.)
Rare. Near Stonehaven, Miss Smith; at Peterhead, Rev.
J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; Macduff, Rev. W. Grigor.

VIII.—LA URENCIACEAE.

26. BoNNEMAISONIA.
1. B. asparagoides, Ag. (Asparagus-like B. )
Rare. Peterhead, Mr. Peach.
97. LAURENCIA.

1. L. pinnatifida, Lamour. (Pinnatifid L. )
Between tide-marks, and in deeper water. Very common,
and exceedingly variable in habit.

2. L. dasyphylla, Greville. (Thick-leaved D. )
Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.
28. CHRYSYMENIA.
1. C. elavellosa, J. Agardh. (Clubbed C. )
Frequently cast up from deep water.
29. CHYLOCLADIA.
1. C. articulata, Greville. (Jointed C.)
Between tide-marks. Very common.

2. C. kaliformis, Greville. ( Whorled K.)
Deep water. Rare. Buchan coast, Prof. Macgillivray.

IX.—CORALLINACEAE.

30. CORALLINA.
1. C. officinalis, Linn. (Medicinal C. )
Abundant on all our rocky coast between tide-marks.

288 IX. CORALLINACEAE. [Jania.

d1. JANIA.
1. J. rubens, Lamour. (Red J.)
Parasitical upon small Algae in rock pools. Rare. Peter-
head, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

32. MELOBESIA.
1. M. polymorpha, Linn. (Many-shaped M. )
Forming a crust upon rocks. Common.
2. M. farinosa, Lamour. (Mealy M.)
Not uncommon upon various Algae.

3. M. verrucata, Lamour. ( Warty M.)
Upon Phyllophora rubens.

33. HILDENBRANTIA.

1. H. rubra, Meneghini. (Red H.)
In the form of a red film upon stones and rocks at the
Cove, &e.
34. HAPALIDIUM.
1. H. Phyllactidium, Kitzing. (Fan-like P.) (Lithocystis
Allmanni. )
Upon smaller Algae. Peterhead, Mr. Peach.

X.—DELESSERIACEAE.
30. DELESSERIA.

1. D. sanguinea, Lamour. (Blood-red Ds)

Common in rock pools between tide-marks, and in deeper
water.

2. D. sinuosa, Lamour. (Sinuous D. )

Occasionally with the last; more frequently upon Lami-
naria digitata.

3. D. alata, Lamour. ( Winged D.)

Very common at various depths, often on stems of Lamié-
naria.

4. D. angustissima, Griffiths. (Narrow D.)

Abundant with the last, of which it may be a variety.

36. NITOPHYLLUM.

1. N. punctatum, Greville. (Dotted N.)
Rare. Coast at Stonehaven, Miss Smith. At Peterhead,
tev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

Nitophyllum. | X. DELESSERIACEAE. 289

2. N. Bonnemaisoni, Greville. ( Bonnemaison’s N. )
Rare. Peterhead, Mr. Peach.

3. N. laceratum, Greville. (Torn N.)
Not uncommon. Generally found cast up from deep water.

37. PLOCAMIUM.

1. P. coccinewm, Lyngb. ( Rearlet Ye
Very common.

XI.—RHODYMENTACEHAE.
38. RHODYMENIA.

1. R. laciniata, Greville. (Jagged R.)

Not uncommon. Generally cast up from deep water.
2. R. jubaia, Greville. (Cirrhose R. )

Rare. Kincardineshire coast, Miss Smith.

3. R. palmata, Greville. (Palmate R.)

Common everywhere.

39. CystocLoniumM. (HyYpPNEA.)

1. C. purpurascens, Harvey. (Purple C. )
Common on rocks and stones between tide marks.

XII.—CRYPTONEMIACHAE.
40. GELIDIUM.

1. G. corneum, Lamour. (Horny G.)
Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

4]. GIGARTINA.

1. G. mamillosa, J. Agardh. (Mamiilose G. )
Common on rocks about low-water mark.

49. CHONDRUS.

1. C. crispus, Lyngb. (Curled C.)
Common on rocky parts of the coast.

43, PHYLLOPHORA.

1. P. rubens, Greville. (Red P.)
In pools about low-water mark; occasionally along cur

coast.

At Cove, Bay of Nigg, Girdleness, &. G. D. Peter-

head, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

U

290 XII CRYPTONEMIACEAE. [Gymnogongrus.

2. P. membranifolia, J. Agardh. (T'hin-leaved P. )

In pools between tide-marks. At Cove, Bay of Nigg, &c.
G. D. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

44, GYMNOGONGRUS.
1. G. plicatus, Kiitzing. (Entangled G. )
Very common at various depths.
<
45, POoLyIDEs.

1. P. rotundus, Greville. (Round P.)

In pools near low-water mark. Rather rare. Bay of Nigg,
&e. G. D. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

46. FURCELLARIA.
1. F. jastigiata, Lamour. (Pointed F. )
Very common in rock pools.
47. DuUMONTIA.
1. D. filiformis, Greville. (Thread-like D. )
Not uncommon between tide-marks.
48. HALYMENIA.

1. H. ligulata, Agardh. (Strap-shaped H. )

Usually in deep water. Very rare. Peterhead, Mr. Bell.
Coast at Macduff, Rev. W. Grigor.

A9, IRIDABA.

1. L. edulis, Bory. (Hdible I. )

Common about low-water mark.

50. CATENELLA.

1. C. Opuntia, Greville. (Fig-like C.)

On rocks near high-water mark. Very local. Abundant
at the west end of the ‘‘needle e’e,” an arch of rock a mile
south from Bay of Nigg.

51. GLOIOSIPHONIA.

1. G. capillaris, Carmichael. (Hair-like G.)

Rare; about low-water mark. Sometimes cast up from
deep water. At the Cove, south from Aberdeen, Miss Smith.
Peterhead, Mr. Peach.

52. DUDRESNAIA.
1. D. divaricata, J. Agardh. (Divaricate D. )

Ptilota. | XIII. CERAMIACEAE. 291

Rare. About low-water mark, and also in deep water.
Bay of Nigg, G. D. ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.
Very fine in the little bay at Gamrie, Rev. G. Harris and
G. D.

XIII.—CERAMIACEAE.

53. Prinota.
1. P. plumosa, Agardh. (feathery P.)
Common on stems of Laminaria digitata.
2. P. sericea, Gmelin. (Silken P.)
Very common on faces of rocks between tide-marks.

54, CERAMIUM.

1. C. rubrum, Agardh. (Red C.)

Very common at various depths.

2. C. Deslongchampsii, Chauvin. (Deslongchamp’s C. )

Between tide-marks. Probably local. Peterhead, Rev. J.
Yuill and Mr. Bell. Girdleness, G. D.

3. C. diaphanum, Roth. (Diaphanous C. )

Between tide-marks. Not uncommon.

4, C. acanthonotum, Carm. (One-spined C. )

On rocks, &c. between tide-marks. Abundant on Kin-
cardineshire coast, and on the pier at Aberdeen, G. D. Peter-
head, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

5. C. ciliatum, Ducluz. (Ciliated C.)

On rocks, &c. between tide-marks. Not uncommon.

55. GRIFFITHSIA.
1. G. setacea, Agardh. (Bristly G.)
Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

56. CALLITHAMNION.
1. C. Plumula, Lyngb. (eathered C.)
Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

2. C. jloccosum, Agardh. (floccose C.)

On rocks about low-water mark; rare. On rocks opposite
the arched cave a little south of the harbour at the Cove,
G. D. On the wall of the north harbour at Peterhead, Mr.
Peach.

3. C. Turneri, Agardh. (Turner's C.)

292 ' XII. CERAMIACEAE. [Callithamnion.

On other Algae between tide-marks. Kincardineshire
coast, abundant, G. D. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr.
Bell.

4, C. Arbuscula, Lyngb. (Bush C.)

On rocks and shells between tide-marks. Common. Abun-
dant on the Kincardineshire coast.

5. C. Brodiaei, Harvey. (Brodie’s C.)

On Algae, at low-water mark. Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J.
Yuill and Mr. Bell. On the pier at Aberdeen, G. D.

6. C. tetragonum, Agardh. (four-angled C.)

Rare. Usually on larger Algae. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill
and Mr. Bell.

7. C. Hookeri, Agardh. (Hooker's C. )

On rocks, &c. between tide-marks, and in deeper water.
Not common in this district. Kincardineshire coast, Miss
Smith. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

8. C. rosewm, Lyngb. (Rosy C.)

On rocks and larger Algae at low-water mark. Kincardine-
shire coast, Miss Smith; at Girdleness, G. D.; Peterhead,
Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell. :

9. C. polyspermum, Agardh. (Many-seeded C. )

On Algae, &c. between tide-marks. Common.

10. C. corymbosum, Agardh. (Corymbose C. )

On rocks and Algae about low-water mark. Peterhead,
Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

1l. C. Roth, Lyngb. (Roth’s C.) -

Forming a velvet-like crust in the shallow rock pools at
Muchalls harbour, ten miles south from Aberdeen, G. D.

Var. B, purpurea. On rocks above ordinary high-water
mark under the arch at Muchalls, G. D.

12. C. sparsum, Harvey. (Scattered C.)

A plant agreeing with the characters of this species
occurs occasionally on the stems of Laminaria digitata, at Bay
of Nigg, &e. G. D.

13. C. Daviesii, Lyngb. (Davies’s C. )

Occasionally in Bay of Nigg and other parts of the Kin-

cardineshire coast, along with Hctocarpus Hincksiae upon L.
digitata, and sometimes upon Porphyra vulgaris, G. D.

Trentepholia. | XIM. CERAMIACEAE. 293

57. TRENTEPOHLIA.
1. T. pulchella, Agardh. (Neat T.)

In streams upon Lemania fluviatilis. Not uncommon.
Usually very plentiful in the stream—Denburn—até the north
side of Robslaw quarry, G. D.

Sub-Class 111.—CHLOROSPERMEAE.

XIV.—LEMANIEAE.
58. Lemania, *
1. L. fluviatilis, Agardh.
A common plant in most of our rapid streams along the

coast line and in the interior. Burn of Robslaw; Burn of
Cults ; Hill of Fare, &. &c. G. D.

XV.—BATRACHOSPERMACEAE.
59. BaTRACHOSPERMUM.

1. B. vagum, Agardh.

In bog-pools and lakes, chiefly inland. Howe of Corrichie,
on Hill of Fare, and in Loch Phadrig, near Castleton, Brae-
mar, about 2000 feet, G. D.

2. B. moniliforme, Agardh.

In slow streams and spring wells. Not uncommon. In the
burn at the Stocket ; in the well in the wood on north bank
of Don, at the old bridge ; in the well by the road-side at west
end of Summerhill ; in pools at Robslaw quarry, &. G. D.

3. B. atrum, Harvey.

Upon stones in the Corbie Loch, Mr. P. Grant.

XVi.—CHAETOPHOROIDEAE.
60. BuLBOCHAETE.
1. B. setigera, Agardh.
Forming fieece-like tufts upon water plants. Not uncom-
mon. Corbie Loch, north from Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

Loch of Skene ; in a spring well at the south end of the old
Bridge of Dee,-&c. G. D.

~ The reader is referred to a paper on the structure and affinities of this
plant—/ Trans. Edinburgh Bot. Soc. V1. p. 243/—by Dr. W. J. Thomson, who
thinks it ought to be placed high in the series, in the order Sporochnaceac.

294. XVI. CHAETOPHOROIDEAE. [Coleochaete.

61. CoLEOCHAETE.

1. C. scutata, Brebisson.

Abundant on the stems and leaves of Poa fluitans in a
ditch at the west side of the Old-town Links, south from the

brick-work, G. D.
62. DRAPARNALDIA.
1. D. plumosa, Agardh.
Common in streams and wells at Aberdeen, G. D.

2. D. glomerata, Agardh.
Often with the last species. Near Ballater, at 1800 feet,
D.

3. D. tenuis, Agardh.
Along with Batrachospermum atrum in Corbie Loch, Sep-
tember, 1847, Mr. P. Grant.

63. CHAETOPHORA.

1. C. elegans, Agardh.
Upon sticks, &c. &c. in stagnant waters. At Stocket ;
Robslaw quarry ; Hill of Fare, &. G. D

2. C. tuberculosa, Hooker.

Fresh water pools in the Old-town Links, G. D.
3. C. pisiformis, Agardh.

In Loch of Skene, July, 1843, G. D.

XVITI.—SIPHONACEAE.
64. CopIUM.

1. C. tomentosum, Stack.

In pools near low-water mark. Apparently rare in this
district. Coast at Peterhead. I have only seen one specimen
in the possession of the late Professor Macgillivray.

65. BryYopsis.

1. B. plumosa, Agardh.

In pools between tide-marks. Very rare, and dwarf on
our coasts. At the Cove, a little south from the boat har-
bour, G. D. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

66. VAUCHERIA.

1. V. velutina, Agardh.
On muddy shores between tide-marks. At the north end

Vaucheria. | XVII. SIPHONACEAE. 295

of the Old-town Links; shore between Torry farm at Nigg
and the river Dee, G. D. ‘

2. V. dichotoma, Agardh.

In ponds and ditches. In the stream at Gilcomston dam,
and in Old-town Links, &c. G. D.

3. V. terrestris, Vaucher.

On the ground in shady places about Aberdeen, G. D.

Doubtless other species of this genus occur in the district;
the above are all I can vouch for at present.

67. BotRyDIUM.

1. B. granulatum, Greville.

On damp soil in gardens, &. It is probably common, but
I have only a single record of its occurrence; Cherryvale.
near Aberdeen.

XVIII.—CONFERVACEAE.

68. CLADOPHORA.
1. C. rupestris, Kiitzing.
On rocks between tide-marks. Very abundant on all rocky

parts of the coast.

2. C. lanosa, Kiitzing.
On other Algae and rocks. Frequent.
3. C. arcta, Kiitzing.
On rocks between tide-marks. Very general on our coast.
4. C. laetevirens, Kiitzing.

Between tide-marks. Occasionally along the coast, as at
Girdleness, &c. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

5. C. gracilis, Griffiths.
Rare. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.
6. C. glomerata, Linn.
Common in fresh water streams and pools.
69. CONFERVA.
1. C. tortuosa, Dillwyn.

In rock pools at Nigg ; opposite the pier at Aberdeen ; and
at the Cove, G. D.

2. C. implexa, Dillwyn.
Rock pools between tide-marks at Girdleness, &c. G. D.

296 XIX. CONJUGATAE. [Zygnemea.

3. C. Melagonium, Web. and Mohr.

in rock pools near low-water mark, at Muchalls, the Cove,
&e. G. D. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; Macduff,
Rey. W. Grigor.

XIX.—_CONJUGATAE. *
70. ZYGNEMA.

1. Z. quininum, Agardh.

Fresh water ditches. Ditch by the road-side south from
the quarry at Hilton, G. D.

2. Z. nitidum, Agardh. ;

In ditches at Bieldside, Deeside road, G. D.

71. TYNDARIDEA.

1. T. lutescens, Hassal.
In bog-pools on the moor near Scotston, G. D.

72. MovcEotta.
1. M. genuflexa, Agardh.
In pools at Stocket moor, G. D.

73. ZYGOGONIUM.
1, Z. ericetorum, Kiitzing.
Moist places on moors, &c. Common; often at high alti-

tudes, G. D.
XX.—DESMIDIACEAE.

The species of this order, found in this district, are re-
corded in Mr. Ralfs’s admirable monograph of ‘‘ British Desmi-
deae ;” living specimens of nearly all were transmitted to
him. It is impossible to give exact localities of each species ;
it may be sufficient to state that in the neighbourhood of
Aberdeen the most productive places are pools on the Stocket
and Scotston moors, and similar localities elsewhere, many
species being usually associated.

74, HyanoTHeca.
1. H. dissiliens, Smith.
In pools at Stocket and Scotston, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

2. H. mucosa, Mertens.
Bog-pools at Scotston, Mr. P. Grant.

* Several species of Vesiculifera occur in the district; such confusion
exists regarding them that I omit them for the present.

Didymoprium. | XX. DESMIDIACEAE. 297

75. DiIDYMOPRIUM.
1. D. Grevillii, Kiitzing.
At Stocket and elsewhere, in pools, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.
2. D. Borreri, Ralfs.
In Glen Lui, Braemar, G. D. Near Aberdeen, and Moss
Hage, Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.

oo?

76. DESMIDIUM.

lL. D. Swartzii, Agardh.
In pools at Stocket and Scotston moors, Mr. P. Grant and
GD:
2. D. quadrangulatum, Ralis.
Scotston moss, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.
77. MICRASTERIAS.
1. M. denticulata, Brebisson.
Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

2. M. rotata, Greville.

Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Hill of Fare, and at Loch
Etichan, 3400 feet; Lochnagar, 3600 feet, G. D.

3. M. papillifera, Brebisson.

Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

4, M. truncata, Corda.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

5. M. oscitans, Ralfs.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.
78. EvastrumM.
1. E. vernicosum, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeenshire and Banfishire, Mr. P. Grant.
2. E. oblongum, Greville.
Marshes round Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

3. E. crassum, Brebisson.

Near Aberdeen, and also in the interior at high elevations,
Ben Macdui, &c., G. D.

4, E. affine, Ralfs.

At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Also in the interior, Little
Craigendall, &c. G. D.

298 XX. DESMIDIACEAE. [Huastrum.

5. E. insigne, Hassall.
Banffshire, at 3000 feet (Cairngorm.), Mr. P. Grant.

6. E. Didelta, Turpin.
Hill of Fare, Mr. P. Grant. Inthe interior at high eleva-
tions, G. D.
7. E. ansatum, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeenshire and Banffshire, at high elevations, Mr P.
Grant and G. D.
8. E. pectinatum, Brebisson.

Aberdeen, and east side of Hill of Fare, Mr. P. Grant.
xlen Derry, Braemar, G. D. Moss hagg, Banffshire, Mr.
P. Grant.

9. E. gemmatum, Brebisson.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

10. E. rostratum, Ralfs.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D. Moss Hagg, between
Tomintoul and Loch Avon, Mr. P. Grant.

11. E. elegans, Brebisson.

Aberdeenshire and Banffshire, coast line to 3000 feet, Mr.
P. Grant.

12. E. binale, Turpin.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Hill of Khoil, at Ballater, G. D.

13. E. cuneatum, Jenner.
Aberdeen, G. D.
79. CosMARIUM.

1. C. quadratum, Ralts.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Not uncommon in the interior
at high altitudes.

2. C. Cucumis, Corda.

Coast line and inland, G. D. In Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.

3. C. Ralfsii, Brebisson. .

About Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Also in the Braemar
district, G. D.

4, C. pyramidatum, Brebisson.

At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. The Khoil, at Ballater,
G. D.

5. C. bioculatum, Ralfs.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

Cosmarium. | XX. DESMIDIACEAE. 299

6. C. crenatum, Ralfs.

Hill of Fare, &e., Mr. P. Grant. On the Khoil, at Bal.
later, G. D. Head of Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.

7. C. tetraophthalmum, Kiitzing.
» At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

8. C. Botrytis, Bory.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. On the Khoil, at Ballater,
G. D. Interior of Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.

9. C. margaritiferum, Turpin.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. Frequent in the interior at
high altitudes, G. D.

10. C. ornatum, Ralfs.

Aberdeen, and frequent at high altitudes, G. D.

80. XANTHIDIUM.

1. X. armatum, Brebisson.

At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. About Ballater and else-
where inland, G. D. Upper part of Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.

2. X. fasciculatum, Ehrenberg.

At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant. On Craigendarroch and the
Khoil, near Ballater, G. D.

3. X. cristatum, Brebisson.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

81. ARTHRODESMUS.
1. A. convergens, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

2. A. Incus, Brebisson.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

82. STAURASTRUM.
1. S. dejectum, Brebisson. ‘
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D. I have found this
species bearing Sporangia.
2. 8. Dickiei, Ralfs.
Aberdeen, G. D.
3. 8. orbiculare, Ehrenberg.

Ben Macdui at 3480 feet, G. D. In the higher parts of
Banffshire, Mr, P. Grant,

300 XX. DESMIDIACEAE. [Staurastrum.

4.8. hirsutum, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeenshire, Mr. P. Grant.

5. S. brachiatum, Ralfs.
Craigendarroch and Glen Lui, G. D.

6. S. alternans, Brebisson.

Glen Lui at 1300 feet, G. D. Near Aberdeen, Mr. P.
Grant.

7.8. margaritaceum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeenshire, Mr. P. Grant.

8. 8S. Arachne, Ralfs.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

9. 8. tetracerum, Kiitzing.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

10. S. paradoxum, Meyen.

Aberdeen and Banffshires, Mr. P. Grant.
83. TETMEMORUS.

1. T. Brebissonti, Meneghini.

Common from coast line to 3500 feet, G. D. It is gener-

ally very abundant in pools at Robslaw quarry. Banffshire,
Mr. P. Grant.

2. T. laevis, Kiitzing.
Aberdeen, G. D.

3. T. granulosus, Brebisson.

Aberdeenshire, 1600 to 2455 feet, G. D. Banffshire, 1600
-feet, Mr. P. Grant.

84, PENIUM.
1. P. margaritaceum, Ehrenberg.
At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.
2. P. Digitus, Ehrenberg.
At Aberdeen, G. D. Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.
3. P. Brebissonii, Meneghini.
Aberdeen, G. D. Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.
85. Docipium.

1. D. nodulosum, Brebisson.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

Closierium. | XX. DESMIDIACEAE. 301

2. D. Ehrenbergii, Raltfs.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

3. D. Baculum, Brebisson.
Aberdeenshire, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

86. CLOSTERIUM.

1. C. Lunula, Miiller.

A common species in pools. - Aberdeen and inland, Mr.
P. Grant and G. D.

2. C. acerosum, Schrank.

At Aberdeen and head of Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.
3. C. turgidum, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

4. C. Ehrenbergiit, Meneghini.

Aberdeen and head of Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.
5. C. moniliferum, Bory.

Aberdeen, G. D. Banffshire, Mr. P. Grant.
6. C. Letbleinii, Kiitzing.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

7. C. Dianae, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

8. C. didymotocum, Corda.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

9. C. costatum, Corda.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

10. C. striolatum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

11. C. juncidum, Ralfs.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

12. C. lineatum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen and Banffshires, Mr. P. Grant.

13. C Raljsii, Brebisson.

Aberdeen, G. D.

14. C. rostratum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

302 XX. DESMIDIACEAE. Snirotaenia.
yi

15. C. setaceum, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

87. SPIROTAENIA.

1. S. condensata, Brebisson.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

88. PEDIASTRUM.
1. P. Tetras, Ehrenberg.
Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.
2. P. Heptactis, Ehrenberg.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

QD)

3. P. simplex, Meyen.

Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.
4, P. pertusum, Kiitzing.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

5. P. Napoleonis, Turpin.
At Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

6. P. angulosum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

7. P. ellipticum, Ehrenberg.

Aberdeen and Banffshires, Mr. P. Grant.
89. ScENEDESMUs.

1. 8S. quadricauda, Turpin.

Aberdeen and Banffshires, Mr. P. Grant.

2. S. dimorphus, Turpin. ;

Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

3. 8S. obliquus, Turpin.

Near Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant and G. D.

4, S. obtusus, Meyen.
Aberdeen, Mr. P. Grant.

The following notes will give an idea of the altitudinal
distribution of the DESMIDEAE in this district.

\I.—Hill of Fare, fourteen miles west from Aberdeen, at 450
feet, found by Mr. P. Grant.

Closterium Dianae, C. lineatum, C. moniliferum.

XX. DESMIDIACEAE. 303

Cosmarium Botrytis, C. crenatum, C. quadratum, C. margariti-
Serum.

Euastrum affine, E. Didelta, E. gemmatum, E. oblongum, E.
crassum, K. rostratum.

Micrasterias rotata.

Penium Digitus.

Staurastrum dejectum, 8. orbiculare, 8. tetracerum.

Tetmemorus Brebissonii.

II.—Pannanich cliffs, forty miles inland, 1000 to 1100 feet, G.D.

Cosmarium quadratum, C. margaritiferum.
Docidium Ehrenbergii.

» Penium Digitus, P. margaritaceum, P. Brebissonii.
Staurastrum muricatum, S. tricorne.
Tetmemorus Grebissonu, T. granulatus.
Euastrum Didelta.
Micrasterias rotata.
Penium Digitus, P. Brebissonii.

IiI.—Near Linn of Dee, sixty-seven miles inland, at 1190 feet.

Closterium Dianae, C. turgidum.
Cosmarium margaritiferum, C. ornatum.
Docidium Ehrenbergiz.

Tetmemorus Brebissonit.

IV.—Glen Lui, about seventy miles inland, at 1300 feet.
Didymoprium Borreri.
EKuastrum affine, E. Didelta, E. crasswm.
Staurastrum bifidum, S. margaritaceum, 8. dejectum, 8. alternans.

V.—Hill of Craigendarroch, forty-two miles inland, at 1340
feet.

Arthrodesmus Incus.

Closterium striolatum.

Cosmarium erenatum, C. Cucurbita, C. margaritiferum, C. quad-
ratum, C. connatum.

Docidium Khrenbergii.

Euastrum Didelta.

Penium Digitus.

Staurastrum bifidum, 8. margaritaceum.

Xanthidium fasciculatum.

Vi.—Face of the Khoil, forty-three miles inland, at 1600 feet.

Closterium Dianae, C. striolatum.

Cosmarium Botrytis, C. Ralfsii, C. margaritiferum, C. orbicula-
tum, C. ovale, C. quadratum. :

Docidium Hhrenbergii.

Euastrum binale, E. Didelta.

Scenedesmus obliquus.

Tetmemorus granulatus.

Xanthidium fasciculatum, X. armatum.

304 XX. DESMIDIACEAE.

Vil.—Glen Derry, about seventy miles inland, at 1600 feet.

Closterium acerosum, C. Cornu, C. Dianae, C. Lunula, C. monili
Serum.

Cosmarium falfsiz, C. margaritiferum, C. ornatum.

Didymoprium Borrerz.

Euastrum affine, E. binale, E. Didelta, E. gemmatum, E. oblon-
gum.

VIII.—Little Craigendall, Braemar, at 2450 feet.

Closterium Dianae.

Cosmarium Cucurbita, C. margaritiferum, C. ornatwm, C. quad-
ratum.

Euastrum affine.

Pediastrum ellipticum.

Penium Digitus.

Staurastrum margaritaceum.

Tetmemorus granulatus.

IX.—Lochnagar, at 2600 feet.

Arthrodesmus convergens.
Closterium Lunula.
Cosmarium margaritiferum.
Docidium Trabecula.
Euastrum Didelta.

Penium Digitus, P. Brebissoniv.
Tetmemorus Brebissonit.

X.-—Loch Etichan, east side of Ben Macdui, at 2800 feet.

Cosmarium margaritiferum, C. ornatum.
EKuastrum ajfine.

Penium Brebissonii.

Tetmemorus Brebissonit.

(These five species were found in a black mud beneath snow, which
also contained a profusion of Diatonaceae. )

XI.—In a marsh supplied by melting snow, above Loch
Etichan, at 3480 feet.

Cosmarium Cucurbita.
Euastrum affine, E. crassuin.
Micrasterias rotata.

Penium Digitus.
Staurastrum orbiculare.
Tetmemorus Brebissonii.

X1i.—Lochnagar, at 3600 feet.

Closterium Lunula. ;

Cosmarium Cucurbita, C. margaritiferum, C. quadratum.
XIII.—Lochnagar, at 3700 feet, in a spring well.

Arthrodesmus convergens.
Closterium Dianae.
Penium Lrebissonii.

XX, DESMIDIACEAE. 305

The following table indicates the number of British species in
each genus found at various altitudes in Aberdeenshire.

No. of species | No. of species | No. of species
from 1000 to | from 2000 to | 3000 feet and
2000 feet. 3000 feet. upwards.
Artbrodesmus, ... 1 be 1
MaC@losterium).csas ose 7 2 2
Cosmanirumiy sees 11 4 a
| Didymoprium,...... it
Wocrmdimmy ss... 4: il Be an
Huastrumy on Sawscee 5 2 2
| Micrasterias; 2... AG 1 1
|) Pediastrams se: 2-5. 3 1 ae
us ematamas ci je csajeusteioters 3 2 2
| Scenedesmus,...... il ee re
Staurastrum,....... 7 2 2
| "Retmemoruss... 5... 2 2, 2
(> OXamithiidinmm <2 s.4. a
| AL 16 15

To the late Mr. P. Grant I am indebted for the following list of
species, collected in the interior of Banffshire and on its
borders.

1.—Near Loch Builg.

Closterium Khrenbergii, C. moniliferum, C. striolatum.
Cosmarium Botrytis, C. crenatum.

EKuastrum affine, E. gemmatum.

Scenedesmus qguadricauda.

Staurastrum orbiculare.

Tetmemorus granulatus.

I1.—Glenlivat, altitude unknown.

Closterium acerosum, C. Lunula, ©. lineatum.
Cosmarium Botrytis, C. margaritiferum.
Penium Digitus.

Scenedesmus qguadricaudatus.

Tetmemorus granulatus.

Xanthidium furcatum.

III.—Source of the Alyniach, at 3000 feet, more or less.

Closterium Dianae, C. Lunula, C. moniliferum.

Cosmarium Botrytis, C. Cucurbita, C. quadratum.

Desmidium Swartzi.

Didymoprium Borreri.

EKuastrum Didelta, E. pectinatum, BE. affine, E. oblongum, B. cras-
sum, E. rostratum, E. elegans, E. verrucosum.

Micrasterias rotata.

Pediastrum angulosum, P. ellipticewm.

x

306 XXI. ULVACEAE. [Lnteromopha.

Penium Digitus, P. Brebissonii.
Scenedesmus quadriseriatus.
Staurastrum paradoxum.
Tetmemorus Brebissonit.

XXI.—ULVACEAE.

90. ENTEROMORPHA.

1. E. intestinalis, Link.

Common along the coast between tide-marks, and also in
the estuaries of the different rivers.

2. E. compressa, Greville.

Common along with the last species.

3. HE. erecta, Hooker.

Occasionally between high and low-water marks.

Var. ramulosa. At Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

Oa AS VAS

1. U. latissima, Linn.
Common at various depths along the whole coast.

2. U. Lactuca, Linn.
Rather local. Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

3. U. Linza, Linn.
Occasionally along the coast between tide-marks.

4. U. bullosa, Roth.

Fresh water pools in the Jinks, north from the Broadhill,
May, 1840, and July, 1843, G. D.

5. U. crispa, Lightfoot.

Frequent on damp ground by the sides of walls, &c.
Abundant by the side of a wall at Carden’s well, near Aber-
deen, G. D.

Var. furfuracea. On damp rocks, south bank of the Don,
east from the old bridge, G. D.

6. U. calophylla, Sprengel.

Abundant on stones, where the water issues from Gilcom-
ston dam ; April, 1842, and March, 1845, G. D.

99. TETRASPORA.

1. T. lubrica, Agardh.
Pools in the Old-town Links ; in the Denburn at Cardens,
&c. G. D. In Braediach moss, parish of Skene. On the Hill

Porphyra.] XXII ULVACEAE. 307

of Fare I have found a variety of it, which may, perhaps, be
the T. gelatinosa of authors, G. D.

93. PORPHYRA.

1. P. laciniata, Agardh.

Very common everywhere on the coast.

2. P. vulgaris, Agardh.

Abundant between tide-marks.

Var. linearis, is plentiful on boulders in the bay of Nigg.

94, BANGtA.

1. B. fusco-purpurea, Lyngb.

Abundant on boulders, near high-water mark in bay of
Nigg, G. D. ; Peterhead, Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell; Mac-
duff, Rev. W. Grigor.

2. B. ceramicola, Chauvin.

On smaller Algae, between tide-marks. Rare. Peterhead,
Rev. J. Yuill and Mr. Bell.

XO "RPV UALR EACH AR:
95. RivuLARIA. :

e

1. R. atra, Roth.

On Corallina officinalis, Cladophora rupestris, and some-
times on Ralfsia deusta ; at the Cove, and other parts of the
same coast, G. D.

2. R. viridis, Hassall.

in pools, Robslaw quarry. Probably the same species
occurs in the interior at high altitudes ; Craigendall and Glen
Derry. G. D.

3. R. echinulata, Berkeley ?

This beautiful species I found abundantly in the Corbie
Loch, some miles north from Aberdeen, in July, 1847. It
was in such profusion, along with Trichormus Flos-aque, as
to tinge the waters of the Lake.

96. STIGONEMA.

l. S. atro-virens, Agardh.

Abundant on dripping rocks at Pannanich, near Baliater ;
and near farm of Achallater, Glen Clunie, Castleton, G. D.

2. S. mammillosum, Agardh.

308 XXIL RIVULARIACEAE. [Scytonema.

Moist rocks on the Hill of Fare, and near Achallater,
Braemar, G. D.

97. ScYTONEMA.
1. 8. ocellatum, Harvey.

Upon mosses, &c.; at Loch Etichan, on Ben Macdui,
GB.

2. S. myochrous, Agardh.
Abundant in wet places on the Hill of Fare, G. D.

98. PETALONEMA.

1. P. alatum, Berkeley.
Wet cliffs on the coast, south from Aberdeen, G. D.

99. CALOTHRIX.

1. C. scopulorum, Agardh.

Rocks, near high-water mark. Bay of Gamrie, Rev. G.
Harris and G. D.

2. C. confervicola, Agardh.

Upon various of the smaller Algae, between tide-marks ;
at the Cove and elsewhere, G. D.

3. C. mirabilis, Agardh.
Wet rocks at the fall, Corbie Den, Kingcausie, G. D.

100. ToLypoTHRIx.
1. T. distorta, Kiitzing.

Upon sticks, &. at the water-fall in Corbie Den, King-
causie ; in the dripping cave, a little south from the harbour
at the Cove, G. D. Pools on summit of Craigendarroch, at
Ballater ; in the lake, east side of Lochnagar, G. D.

101. Lynesya.

1. L. copulata, Hassall.

Abundant in a spring-well by the sheep-path, north side of
Glen Callater, opposite the gamekeeper’s house ; also on the
table land above Glen Callater, at an elevation of 3000 feet,
August, 1846, G. D.

2. L. ferruginea, Agardh.

In shallow pools at high-water mark, near the lighthouse at
Girdleness, and at the Altons, two miles south from Bay of
Nigg.

. L. Carmichaelii, Harvey,

On sea weeds between tide-marks, at Girdleness, Bay of
Nigg, &e. G. D.

Oscillatoria.] XXIM. OSCILLATORIACEAE. 309

4. L. speciosa, Carmichael.

On rocks, &c. between tide-marks, Girdleness, &c. G. D.

5. L. zonata, Hassall.

On wet rocks. Probably general. Coast at the Cove ; at
Linn of Dee ; on Lochnagar.

6. L. floccosa, Hassall.

In rivulets. Kinmundy, parish of Skene; Hill of Fare,
upon Lemania fluviatilis.

XXITI.—OSCILLATORIACEAE.

102. OscILLATORIA.

1. O. aerugescens, Agardh.

Bottom of pools by the road-side at Stocket moor, G. D.

2. O. autumnalis, Agardh.

Abundant in rivulets near Aberdeen, G. D.

3. O. rupestris, Agardh.

On dripping rocks near Ballater ; on Pannanich cliffs and
Lochnagar, G. D.

4. QO. terebriformis, Agardh.

In marshes near Aberdeen, G. D.

5. O. Dickieti, Hassall.

In pools of fresh water at the bottom of the cliffs, and
near the sea, a little south from the harbour at the Cove, G. D.

6. O. nigra, Carmichael.

Loch Etichan, on ascent to Ben Macdui, G. D.

103. Microcorzvs.
1. M. gracilis, Hassall.

In salt marshes at Aberdeen, 1844. The exact locality
was not recorded, but it was probably at north end of the
Old-town Links, G. D.

104. SprRULINa.

1. S. tenuissima, Kiitzing.

Upon mud at Don-mouth, July, 1843; also at low-water
mark upon the Inch at Aberdeen, July, 1845. Very fine and
plentiful in a cave upon the coast, a little north from the
salmon fishing station at the Altons, south from Bay of Nigg,
Mr. P. Grant; where I have repeatedly gathered this very
singular plant.

310 XXIV. NOSTOCHINEAE. [| Nostoc.

XXITV.—NOSTOCHINEAE.
105. Nostoc.

1. N. commune, Vaucher.

Lin Mui near Ballater, at 1700 feet ; and at Dunnottar,
G. D.

2. N. foliaceum, Agardh.

On damp ground at Robslaw quarry; also on Lochnagar,
about 3000 feet, G. D.

3. N. sphaericum, Vaucher.
On stones in a rivulet, Craigendall, at 2000 feet, G. D.

4. verrucosum, Vaucher.
On stones in rivulets, Aberdeen and inland, G. D.

106. SPHAEROZYGA.
1. 8. Jacobi, Agardh.

In wet places by the Stocket road, west from Summerhill,
G. D.

107. TRiIcHORMUS.
1. 'T. Hlos-aque, Lyngb.
Observed in Corbie Loch, in 1846, 1847, and 1848.

Hor some years excursions were made with the students of my
botanical class to a loch on the estate of Parkhill, about four miles
north-west from Aberdeen. The sheet of water in question is
about a quarter of a mile in its greatest length; on almost all sides
it is surrounded by extensive deposits of peat, with the soluble
matter of which a great proportion of the water passing into the
loch is impregnated. The loch abounds in Serpus lacustris,
Arundo Phragmites, Nuphar lutea, Nymphea alba, and various
species of Potamogeton, &c. The locality was generally visited
in the beginning of July; nothing peculiar had ever been observed
till the summer of 1846, when my attention was arrested by a
peculiar appearance of the water, especially near the edge, but
extending also some distance into the loch. Numerous minute
bodies with a spherical outline, and varying in size from 1-24th
to 1-12th of an inch in diameter, were seen floating at different
depths, and giving the water a peculiar appearance. In some
places they were very densely congregated, especially in small
creeks at the edge of the loch. A quantity was collected by
filtration through a piece of cloth, and, on examination by the

microscope, there could be no doubt that the production was of

«a vegetable nature and a species of fivularia; one, however, un-
known to me, and not agreeing with the description of any species
described in works to which I had access. Specimens were sent
to the Rey. M. J. Berkeley; he informed me that the plant belonged

Palmella. | XXV. PALMELLACEAE. 3li

to the genus mentioned, and stated it to be Riwwularia echinulata,
E. B. Along with it, but in very small quantity, I also found
another plant, the T’richormus Flos-aquae, Bory.

In the first week of July, 1847, the same species were observed
similarly associated, but the T’richormus was now more plentiful,

without, however, any apparent corresponding diminution in the
quantity of the Rivularia.

In July, 1848, it was observed that the Rivularia was as rare as
the Trichormus had been in 1846; to the latter consequently the
water of the loch now owed its colour, which was a very dull
green; the colour, however, becomes brighter when the plant is
dried. In neither of the seasons mentioned was it in my power to
make any observations on the colour of the loch earlier or later
than the date above-mentioned, consequently nothing can be added
respecting the comparative development of the two plants at other
periods of the season. Other two lochs in the vicinity did not
contain the plants alluded to.

108. CYLINDROSPERMUM.

1. C. catenatum, Ralfs.

Wet places, side of the road at south-end of Stocket moor,
September, 1852, G. D.
109. DoticHosPERMUM.

1. D. Ralfsit, Kittzing.

_ Bottom of pools at the Stocket moor, September, 1852,
Geb.
XXV.—PALMELLACEAE,

110. PatMenua.

l. P. cruenta, Agardh.

In the form of a red crust on damp walls and on the
ground. Beneath the portico i King’s College, and else-
where near Aberdeen.

111. Sorospora.

1. S. montana, Hassall.

On dripping rocks, a little west from the farm of Achal-
later, in Glen Clunie, Castleton ; and on Little Craigendall.

112. CoccocHLoris.

1. C. protuberans, Sprengel.

Among damp mosses, &c., in Den of Maidencraig; on
Pannanich cliffs, and rocks at Achallater, G. D.

2. C. muscicola, Meneghini.
On wet mosses, Den of Maidencraig, G. D.

312 XXVI. PROTOCOCCEAE. [| Haematococeus.

XXVI.—PROTOCOCCEAE.
113. Harmatococcus.

1. H. murorum, Hassall.
On damp walls, Aberdeen, G. D.

2. H. rupestris, Hassall.
Moist rocks on the coast at the Cove, G. D.

3. H. granosus, Harvey.
Moist rocks at the Cove, G. D.

4. H. lividus, Hassall.

Very abundant in a dripping cave half-a-mile north from
the Cove.

5. H. binalis, Hassall.

Very abundant everywhere, in pools, &c. mixed with other
Algae. Found also at high altitudes in the interior ; top of
Craigendarroch ; Ben Macdui, at 2800 feet, G. D.

6. H. furfuraceus, Hassall.
Along with H. frustulosus, G. D.
114. Prorococcus.
1. P. nivalis, Agardh.
Upon snow, near the summit of Ben Macdui, in 1846. This
is the Red Snow Plant, so plentiful in the Arctic Zone ; it

seems very rare in this quarter, I have only seen it in the
locality and in the year above mentioned.

The following notes of some of the preceding ALGAE observed
at different altitudes in the interior, appear worthy of
a place here.

J,—Pannanich cliffs, at about 1100 feet.
Coccochloris protuberans, Hematococcus murorum, Oscillatoria
rupestris ? Stigonema atrovirens.
I{.—Craigendarroch, about 1300 feet.
Hassallia ocellata, Heematococcus binalis, Tetraspora lubrica,
Tolypothrix distorta, Zygogonium ericetorum.

Ii1.—Khoil, at 1600 feet.
Draparnaldia glomerata, Heematococcus binalis, Nostoc commune,
N. sphericum, Oscillatoria

IV.—Lochnagar, at 2000 feet
Hassallia ocellata, Heematococcus binalis, Lyngbya zonata.

Protococcus. | XXVI. PROTOCOCCEAE. 3135

V.—Lake of Lochnagar, 2563 feet.

Bulbocheete setigera, Hassallia ocellatu, Tolypothrix distorta ; in
bogey places near the lake, Hematococcus binalis.

VI.—Lochnagar, at 2600 feet.
Hematococcus binalis, and Zygnema ——-—— ?

VII.—Lochnagar, at 3600 feet

Hematococcus binalis, Lyngbya zonata, Nostoc commune, and
Oscillatoria ?

VIII.—WNear Loch Etichan, at 2800 feet.

Hassallia ocellata, Heematococcus binalis, Stigonema mammillosum,
Tetraspora lubrica ; in the loch, Conferva ericetorum, Oscil-
latoria nigra, and Scytonema MMyochrous, the latter, along
with Jungermanuia emarginata, was in great profusion,
covering the stones in the bottom.

1X.—Near Linn of Dee, about 1190 feet.
Draparnaldia glomerata and Lyngbya zonata.

X.—Near Castleton of Braemar, about 1100 feet.

Coccochloris protuberans, Sorospora montana, Stigonema atro-
VUTens.

XI.—On the table-land, north side ef Loch Callater, in a
spring, was found abundantly Lyngbya copulata ; the
altitude was not measured, but estimated as about
3000 feet.

XIT.—Little Craigendall, at about 2064 feet.

Nostoce sphaericum.

XIII.—Little Craigendall, at 2400 feet.

Bulbochete setigera, Hassallia ocellata, Hematococcus binalis,
H. rupestris, Raphidia viridis, Sorospora montana.

XX VIT.—DIATOMACEAE.

The following species have been found in different parts of
the district, and many others may yet be expected to occur.
The names are adopted from the late Professor Smith’s mono-
graph of the British species. Many are usually associated in
suitable habitats, and therefore the special localities of a few
have alone been indicated, the supplemental list in some de-
gree compensates for this. Dripping rocks, marshes, &c. on
the coast and everywhere in the district will be found rich in
species. With a few exceptions they are widely diffused ;
those of the genus Hunotia are, however, mainly confined to
the higher inland parts.

314 XXVII. DIATOMACEAE. [HL pithemia

115. EpirHenMtia.

E. turgida, E. Argus, E. rupestris, E. gibba, E. ventricosa,
EK. Zebra, HK. longicornis, EH. Westermanni, EK. granulata, HE.
alpestris.

116. Eunotta.

E. monodon, E. diodon, K. triodon, K. tetraodon, K. Arcus,
K. bidentula, E. tridentula, EK. quaternaria, HE. incisa, E. gracilis,
E. Camelus.

117. CyMBELLA.

C. Hhrenbergii, C. cuspidata, C. maculata, C. Helvetica, C.
Scotica, C. ventricosa, C. aequalis, C. lunata, C. afjinis.

118. AMPHORA.
A. ovalis, A. membranacea, A. affinis, A. hyalina.
119. CocconzIs.
C. Pediculus, C. Placentula, C. Thwaitesii, C. Scutellum.

120. Coscinopiscus.
C. minor, C. radiatus, C. eecentricus.

121. ActTInocycLus.
A. undulatus.

122. CYcLOTELLA.
C. antiqua, C. Kutzingiana, C. operculata.
123. CAMPYLODISCUS.
C. costatus, C. spiralis.
124. SuRIRELLA.

8. biseriata, S. linearis, 8. splendida, 8. constricta, 8. Gemma,
S. ovata, S. salina.

125. CYMATOPLEURA.
C. elliptica, C. apiculata, C. solea.
126. Nivzscuta.

N. sigmoidea, N. sigma, N. linearis, N. acicularis, N. curvula.

127. AMPHIPRORA.
A. alata.
128. AMPHIPLEURA.

A. pellucida, forming large sheets, with a metailic lustre,
in fresh-water ditches, at Kinmundy, parish of Skene.

Navicula.} XXVIIL DIATOMACEAE. 315

129. NAVICULA.

N. rhomboides, N. crassinervia, N. serians, N. cuspidata,
N. jirma, N. ovalis, N. semen, N. liber, N. inflata, N. gibberula,
N. amphirhyncus, N. elliptica, N. elegans, N. patula, N. pune-
tulata, N. didyma, N. cocconeiformis, N. angustata, N. crypto-
cephata.

130. PinnuLARIA.

P. nobilis, P. major, P. viridis, P. acuminata, P. oblonga,
P. lata, P. alpina, P. acuta, P. radiosa, P. divergens, P. stau-

roneiformis, P. gibba, P. mesolepta, P. interrupta, P. borealis,
P. gracillima, P. nodosa, P. hemiptera, P. late-striata, P.
tenuis, P. gracilis, P. peregrina.
131. SravRoNeIs.
S. Phoenicenteron, 8. acuta, S. dilatata, 8. anceps, 8. line-
aris, S. punctata, S. gracilis.
132. PLEUROSIGMA.
P. angulatum, P. attenuatum, P. lacustre.

133. SYNEDRA.
_ 8. lunaris, 8. pulchella, 8. radians, 8. Ulna, 8. capitata,
S. affinis.
134. CoccoNEMa.
C. lanceolatum, C. cymbiforme, C. cistula.
135. DorypHora.
D. Amphiceros.
136. GoMPHONEMA.

G. geminatum, G. constrictum, G. acuminatum, G. dicho-
tomum, G. vibrio, G. curvatum, G. marinum, G. capitatum, G.
ventricosum, G. insigne, G. tenellum, G. olivaceum, G. intrica-
tum.

137. RHIPIDOPHORA.
R. paradoxa, R. Dalmatica, R. elongata.
138. LicmMopPHoRa.
L. flabellata.
139. Meripion.

M. cireulare. Very abundant in the ditches and pools in
the Old Aberdeen Links.

M. constrictum. With the last. Both occur in Braemar
also.

316 XXVIL DIATOMACEAE. | Hunantidium.

140. Himantipium.

H. pectinale, H. undulatum, H. Arcus, H. gracile, H.
MajUs.
141. Opontripium.

O. hyemale, O. mesodon, O. anomalum, O. mutabile, O.
Tabellaria, O. Harrisonii.

142. Denticu.a.
D. obtusa, D. tenuis, D. sinuata.

143. FRagimartia.
F. capucina, F. virescens.

144, ACHNANTHES.
A. longipes, A. brevipes, A. exilis, A. subsessilis.

145. ACHNANTHIDIUM.
A. ianceolatum, A. microcephalum, A. flexellwim.

146. RHABDONEMA.
R. arcuatum, R. minutum.

147. DiatToma.

D. vulgare, D. elongatum. D. tewue.

148. ASTERIONELLA.

A. formosa. In a spring well near Walker’s dam, at
Robslaw.

149. GRAMMATOPHORA.
G. marina.
150. DIATOMELLA.
D. Baljfouriana. Alpine marshes.

151. TABELLARIA.
T. jflocculosa, T. fenestrata.

152. Poposira.
P. Montagne.

153. MELosIRa.

M. nuwmmuloides, M. Borreri, M. subjflexilis, M. varians, M. |
nivalis, M. distans. |

154. ORTHOSIRA,
O. arenaria, O. marina, O. orichalcea.
O. Dickieii. Very abundant, in the form of a greenish

Orthosira. | XXVIII. DIATOMACEAE. 317

pulpy mud, on dripping rocks in a small cave a httle south
trom the boat-harbour at the Cove, near Aberdeen. The
only locality known.

O. spinosa. Along with the last. Very abundant, and
unmixed, on dripping rocks in a cave a little north from the
harbour at Skaterow, near Newtonhill station, Scottish North
Eastern line. It occurs also in Braemar.

155. DIcKIEIA.

D. ulvoides, Ralfs.

Very rare. In shallow rock pools about low-water mark,
opposite the cave where O. Dickieii occurs. In April and May
only.

D. pinnata, Ralfs.

Along with the last, and more abundant than it.

156. ScHIZONEMA.

i. S. helmintosum, Chauv.

In pools at low-water mark, opposite the small cave at the
Cove, and in other similar places. Abundant.

2. S. comoides, Agardh.

Very common in rock pools between tide-marks, at Bay of
Nigg, &. &e.

3. S. confertum, Smith.

At Cove, along with S. helmintosum ; also at high-water
mark opposite the hut at north end of Bay of Nigg.

4.8. Grevillit, Agardh.

Very rare. At Girdleness, once only a few fragments.

5. 8. molle, Smith.

Coast south from Aberdeen,

6. 8. Dilwynii, Agardh.

Very abundant at Girdleness, Cove, &c. G. D. Peterhead,
Rev. J. Yuill.

7. 8. parasiticum, Harvey.

Upon Corallina officinalis, &c. at Bay of Nigg, Cove, &c.

SUPPLEMENTAL LISTS.

Cave at north end of Skaterow harbour.
Hpithemia rupestris, Denticula obtusa, Odontidium mutadile,
Cocconeis Thwaitesii, Navicula elliptica, N. Smithii, Pinnu-
laria gracilis, Orthosira spinosa, Mr. P. Gray, Mr. H. A.
Smith, and G. D.

318 XXVII. DIATOMACEAE.

Cave at the Cove.

Achnanthidium microcephalum, Fragilaria virescens, Orthosira
Dickie, O. spinosa.

Dripping rocks at the Cove.
Cocconema crstula, Cymbella ventricosa, Denticula obtusa.

In a slightly brackish pool close by the sea, and half-a-mile
north from Girdleness lighthouse.
Epithemia granulata, Nitzschia acicularis, N. gracilis, Melosira
subflewilis, Fragilaria virescens.

In a spring-well a little north from the last.

Achnanthidium lanceolatum, Diatoma elongatum, Fragilaria vires-
cens, Odontidium mesodon, O. mutabile, Orthosira orichaicea.

The following are given on the authority of the late
Dr. Stephen.

Den Fenella, St. Cyrus.

Cocconeis pediculus, Diatoma vulgare, Cocconema cymbiforme,
C. lanceolatum, Surirella ovata, Synedra radians, Nitzschia
linearis, N. sigmoidea, Cymatopleura apiculata, Melosira
varians, Fragilaria capucina, Gomphonema constrictum, G.
curvatum, G. acuminatum.

Glen of Dye, Strachan.

Himantidium gracile, H. Arcus, H. undulatwm, Navicula rhom-
boides, N. serians, Pinnularia viridis, Eunotia tetraodon, Meio-
sira varians, Pinnularia acuta, P. peregrina, Tabellaria floc-
culosa.

At Girdleness, (marine. )

Rhabdonema arcuatum, R. minutum, Rhipidophora elongata,
Licmophora flabellata, Cocconeis scutellum, Gomphonema
marinum, Grammatophora marina, Orthosira marina, Podo-
sira Montagne.

Mud from the south side of the Dee, at Aberdeen, near Wel-
lington bridge.

Orthosira marina, Actinocyclus undulatus, Surirella ovata, S.
salina, S. Gemma, Pleurosigma attenuatum, Achnanthes
brevipes, Navicula elegans, N. didyma, Pinnularia peregrina,
P. gracilis, Amphora affinis, Doryphora amphiccros, Amphi-
prora alata, Coscinodiscus minor, C. eccentricus, C. radiatus,
Surirella constricta.

XX VIiI.—VOLVOCINHAE.

The singular and beautiful objects of this family, formerly
ranked as animals, are now removed to the vegetable kingdom.

Agaricus. | I. HYMENOMYCETES. 319

} 157. Vouvox.
1. V. globator, Ehr.
In pools by the side of the new Stocket road, near the
rivulet and bridge, half-a-mile west from Summerhill. In the

months of June, July, and August, the late Mr. P. Grant and
GD:

FUNGI MUSHROOMS.*
L.—HYMENOMYCETES.
1. AGARICUS.

1. A. vaginatus, Bull. (Sheathed A.)

Very local. In the woods by the Skene road, half-a-mile
west from Robslaw quarry. August to October ?

2. A. nivalis, Grev. (Alpine A.)

In alpine places. Autumn. On Ben Macdui, G. D. ; on
Lochnagar, Professor Macgillivray.

3. A. muscarius, Linn. (Fly A.)

In woods. August to November. Very frequent and
abundant in woods near Aberdeen, as Hazelhead, Denmore.
August and September.

4, A. excelsus, Fries. (Tali fly A.)

In woods. August to September. Rather local. In the
wood south-west from Banchory House.

5. A. granulosus, Batsch. (Granulose A. )

Frequent in woods near Aberdeen, Hazelhead, &. In
Autumn.

6. A. olivaceo-albus, Fries. (Olive and white A.)

Woods by the Skene road, west from Robslaw qurry.
September and October ?

7. A. hypothejus, Fries. (Yellow, slimy A.)

Woods, along with the last. October and November ?

* The following notes of Fungi are founded on specimens In my own
collection. Doubtless many other species grow in the district; aud indeed
not afew have been omitted, because not satisfactorily authenticated. The
nomenclature and arrangement are adopted from the volume by Rev. M. J.
Berkeley, forming vol. V. part 2, of the ‘‘ English Flora,” by Sir W. J.
Hooker.

320 I. HYMENOMYCETES. Agaricus.

8. A. rutilans, Schoeff. (Crimson-red, downy A. )

In woods upon dead stumps. September and October.
Wood at Pitfodels.

9. A. luteus, Huds. (Yellow A.)
In woods. Autumn. Den of Robslaw.
10. A. emeticus, Schoeff. (Stmple-gilled A. )

Frequent in woods. Hazelhead, Den of Leggart, Den-
more, &c.

1]. A. deliciosus, Linn. (Orange-milked A. )
Fir woods at Hazelhead.
12. A. quietus, Fries. (Mild rufous A.)

In woods. Autumn. MHazelhead and other places. Fre-
quent.

13. A. glyciosmus, Fries. (Sweet-scented A. )

In Fir woods. September and October. Hazelhead woods.

14. A. infundibuliformis, Bull. (Variable, wood A.)

In woods among grass, &. August to October. Den of
Leggart.

15. A. nebulosus, Batsch. (New-cheese A. )

Rather local. Den of Leggart, under Fir trees.

16. A. dealbatus, Sowerby. (Dirty-white A. )

In pastures, &c. Autumn. About old whin stumps in
Old-town Links.

17. A. pratensis, Pers. (Reddish, field A.)
Grassy pastures. Belhelvie links.

18. A. psittacinus, Schoeff. (Parroquet A. )

Pastures. September to November. Links at Aberdeen
and Belhelvie.

19. A. ceraceus, Wulf. ( Wazx-like A. )
Pastures. July to November. Old-town Links.

20. A. conicus, Schoeff. (Conic, black-stained A. )
Pastures, &. September to November. Den of Leggart.
21. A. miniatus, Fries. (Dry, scarlet A. )

Moist woods, &. July to August. Old-town Links.

22. A. laccatus, Scop. (Lake A.)
In woods. June to November. Hazelhead woods.

Agaricus. | I. HYMENOMYCETES. 321

23. A. sulphureus, Bull. (Brimstone A.)

In woods. September to November. Very local. In the
wood at Middleton,. near Aberdeen

24, A. fusipes, Bull. (Spindle-stemmed A. )

On stumps of trees. July to August. Very frequent.

25. A. confluens, Pers. (Confluent, hoary A.)

Woods. August to October. Den of Maidencraig.

26. A. dryophilus, Bull. (Oak-leaf A.)

Among fallen leaves. May to October. Common in
woods.

27. A. peronatus, Bolt. (Spatterdash A.)

Among rotten leaves. July to November. Abundant at
Hazelhead, Den of Leggart, &c.

28. A. oreades, Bolt. (fairy-ring A.)

Pastures. Growing in circles. May to November. Links
at Aberdeen ; Belhelvie, &c. &c.

29. A. conigenus, Pers. (fir-cone A.)

On dead fir cones. Octcber to November. Hazelhead
woods.

30. A. ramealis, Bull. (Stick A. )

On decaying branches of Hazel, &. &c. All the year.

31. A. Rotula, Scop. ( Wheel A.)

On dead leaves, &. in woods. All the year. Very com-
mon near Aberdeen.

32. A. alliaceus, Jacq. (Garlic A.)

Among sticks and leaves in woods. In Autumn. Frequent.

Hazelhead, &c.

33. A. atro-albus, Bolt. (Black and white A.)

In pastures, &. August to November. Den of Robslaw.

34. A. sanguinolentus, Alb. and Schw. ( Bloody-juiced A. )

In woods on sticks, &. August to November. Hazelhead
woods.

35. A. Adonis, Bull. (Beautiful A.)
In woods. Autumn. Den of Leggart.
36. A. lacteus, Pers. (MMilk-white A.)

Among sticks and leaves in woods. October to December.
Den of Leggart, Den of Robslaw.
3

By 22s I. HYMENOMYCETES. [A garicus.

37. A. tenerrimus, Berk. (Very tender A. )

On dead cones, sticks, &. August to December. Cherry-
vale, &c. ’

38. A. corticola, Bull. (Bark A.)

On dead bark of trees, &c. October to February. Hazel-
head woods.

39. A. capillaris, Schum. (Hair A.)

On beech leaves. October. Den of Leggart; and wood
at the old Bridge of Don.

40. A. Fibula, Bull. (Small orange A.)

Amongst moss. September to May. Den of Leggart.

41. A. umbelliferus, Linn. ( Variabie, Heath A.)
In heathy pastures. May to November. Old-town Links.

42. A. septicus, Fries. (Smail shell A. )

On dead trunks of trees. October to April. Den of
Robslaw.

43. A. stypticus, Bull. (Styptic A. )

On dead trees. October to April. Very local. Den of
Leggart.

44, A. mitis, Pers. (Larch A.)

On dead wood. October. Dead larches, Den of Leggart,

45 A. striatulus. Pers. ( Minutely striate A.)

On dead wood. May to December. Rare. Cherryvale.

46. A. torvus, Fries. (Hosed A.)

In woods. September and October.

47. A. cinnamomeus, Linn. (Cinnamon A.)

In woods. Autumn. Hazelhead.

48. A. raphanoides, Pers. (Reddish, scented A. )

In fir woods, &c. July to October. Wood near new
Church of Nigg.

49. A. squarrosus, Mull. (Squarrox A.)

On trees. August to December. Very local. In woods
at Middleton near Aberdeen.

50. A. collinitus, Sowerby. (Slime-coated A. )

In woods. July to November. Very local. In a small
wood, due west from Robslaw quarry.

a Te a ee

Agaricus. | I. HYMENOMYCETES. 3293

51. A. flavidus, Schoeff. (Dirty-yellow A.)
On pine trunks. August to November. Den of Robslaw.
52. A. pyriodorus, Pers. (Pear-scented A. )

In woods and gardens. September to October. In a
small wood, side of the road, west from Denmore.

53. A. furfuraceus, Pers. (Branny A.)

On dead twigs, &c. All the year. On mossy stumps of
trees in Den of Maidencraig.

54. A. hypnorum, Schrank. (Moss A.)

Among moss in woods. July to November. Old-town
Links.

55. A. involutus, Batsch. (Jnvolute A.)

Woods. July to November. Den of Leggart.

56. A. campestris, Linn. (Common Mushroom. )

Dry grassy pastures. May to October. Coast at Girdle-
ness, &e. Old-town Links.

57. A. praecox, Pers. (Harly A.)

Grassy places, &c. Spring chiefly. Road-side, on wall
tops, near old house of Robslaw.

58. A. semiglobatus, Batsch. (Hemispherical H. )

In pastures, on droppings of animals. May to November.
Very frequent near Aberdeen.

59. A. aeruginosus, Curtis. ( Verdigris A.)
In meadows and gardens. August to November. Rather
scarce. Uncertain in appearance.

60. A. lateritius, Schoeff. (Large fasciculate A.)
Stumps of trees, &. May to October. Hazelhead.

61. A. fascicularis, Hudson. (fasciculate A. )

Roots of trees, &c. April to November. Hazelhead
woods, &e.

62. A. callosus, Fries. (Conic dung A. )

Upon droppings of animals. Frequent. Hazelhead, &c.
63. A. cernuus, Mull. (Nodding A.)

Waste places. August to November. Common.
64. A. atomatus, Fries. (Spangled A.)

Among grass, wastes, &. August to September. Old-
town Links.

324 I. HYMENOMYCETES. [| Cantharellus.

65. A. comatus, Mull. (Cylindric A. )

Meadows and wastes. Aprilto October. Old-town Links.

66. A. cinereus, Bull. (Cinereous A. )

Meadows, gardens, &¢. July to October. In Den of
Leggart.

67. A. rutilus, Schoeff. (Purplish-red A.)

In fir woeds. August to October. Hazelhead, &c.

2. CANTHARELLUS.
1. C. ecibarius, Fries. (Common Chantarelle. )
Woods. July to October. In the wood at Banchory
House. Frequent in the interior of Aberdeenshire.
2. ©. lobatus, Pers. (Lobed C. )

Marshy places on different species of moss. In bog at
Scotston and Denmore.

3. Merv.ivs.
1. M. corium, Grev. (Coriaceous M. )
On timber, in moist shady places. Winter. Frequent.
2. M. lachrymans, Wulf. (Dry-rot.) ,
On wood in buildings, where ventilation is imperfect.
Very frequent.
3. M. Carmichaelianus, Grev. (Carmichael’s M..)
On bark, dead leaves, &c. December. Very local. In
the Dry Den, near Countesswells.
4. DAEDALEA.
1. D. unicolor, Bull. (Self-coloured D.)
Trunks of trees, &c. Autumn and Spring. Dead fir
branches, in the Dry Den.
2. D. biennis, Bull. (Biennial D. )
Stumps of trees. July to January. In same locality as
the last.

/

dD. PoLyPorus.

1. P. perennis, Linn. ( Perennial, cinnamon P.)

On the ground in sandy places, &. &c Autumn and
Winter. Woods of Paradise, Monymusk. In Glen Dee at the
base of Ben Macdui.

2. P. varius, Pers. (Variable P. )

On trees, &c. Ali the year. Dry Den near Countesswells.

Polyporus. | I, HYMENOMYCETES. 525

3. P. hispidus, Bull. (Hispid P.)

On ash, elm, &. Summer. Very local. In the interior
at Castle Newe, Strathdon.

4, P. adustus, Willd. (Scorched P. )

Trunks of trees. All the year. Tollohill woods near
Aberdeen.

5. P. velutinus, Pers. (Velvety P.)

On stumps of trees, April ta October. In the wood near
new Church of Nigg.

6. P. versicolor, Linn. (Party-coloured P. )

On trees, posts, &c. All the year. Very frequent at
Aberdeen.

7. P. abietinus, Pers. (Violet P.)

On dead firs. All the year. Common.

8. P. incarnatus, Pers. (Orange-flesh P. )

On fir trunks. Summer and Autumn. In the wood at
Middleton near Aberdeen.

9. P. molluscus, Pers. (Soft, prostrate P. )

Forming a thin soft coating on dead twigs. Wood by the
Skene road, west from Robslaw quarry.

: 6. BoLETus.

1. B. luteus, Linn, (Yellow B.)
In fir woods. Autumn. Common everywhere.

2. B. Grevillei, Klotsch. (Greville’s B. )

Woods, heaths, &. May to October. Frequent about
Aberdeen.

3. B. piperatus, Bull. ( Pepper B. )

In woods. In Autumn. MHazelhead; Den of Leggart, &c.

4, B. subtomentosus, Linn. (Subtomentose B. )

In woods. Summer and Autumn. Very frequent near
Aberdeen, and in the interior.

5. B. pachypus, Fries. (Thick-stemmed B. )

In fir woods. July to September? Hazelhead, Den-
more, &c.

6. B. luridus, Schoeff. (Poisonous B. )

In woods. Summer and Autumn. Very frequent near
Aberdeen.

326 I. HYMENOMYCETES. [Hydnum.

7. B. edulis, Bull. (Hsculent C. )

Woods and pastures. July to October. Rather local.
Denmore ; Den of Leggart.

7. Hypyum.

1. H. repandum, (Common H. )

In woods. Autumn. Rather local. By the Skene road,
west from Robslaw quarry.

2. H. auriscalpium. Linn (Hairy-stalked H. )

On cones of Scotch fir. All the year. Very local. In
Den of Leggart, near the south-west end.

3. H. farinaceum, Pers. (Mealy H.)

On decayed trees. November? and December. Rare.
In the wood, a little east of new Church of Nigg.

8. RADULUM.

1. R. orbiculare, Fries. (Circular R.)

On dead birches. May to January. Den of Midmar, Mr.
Mackay and G. D.

9, THELEPHORA.

1. T. laciniata, Pers. (Fringed T.)
On the ground in fir woods. November. Hazelhead
woods, abundant.

2. T. rubiginosa, Schrad. (Rusty T.)

On dead trees. Alithe year. Frequent. At Middleton
and other places near Aberdeen.

3. T. rugosa, Pers. (Coarse T.)

On stumps of trees. Summer and Autumn. Frequent
near Aberdeen.

4. T. hirsuta, Willd. (Hairy T.)

On dead wood. Perennial. Frequent. Near Craigie-
buckler ; at Hazelhead, &c.

5. T. sanguinolenta, Alb. and Schw. (Silky blood-stained T.)

On fir stumps. Perennial. Frequent. In the Dry Den,
near Countesswells, &c. &c.

6. T. quercina. Pers. (Oak T.)

On fallen branches of oak, beech, &c. All the year.
Frequent near Aberdeen,

7. T. byssoides, Pers. (Byssoid T.)

Thelephora. | I. HYMENOMYCETES. 327

On the ground in fir woods. Autumn and Winter. In
the Dry Den and other places. Frequent.

8. T. caerulea, Schrad. (Blue 7.)

On decaying wood. Frequent. Autumn and Winter. On
fir branches at Middleton and other places.

9. T. miniata, Berkeley. (Scarlet T.)

On dead wood. Autumn. This beautiful species seems
very local; only once have I found it. Woods at Middleton.

10. T. granulosa, Pers. (Granulose T.)
On dead wood. Winter. Dry Den, near Aberdeen.

lil. 'T. tncarnata Pers. (BPright coloured T.)

On fallen branches of different trees and shrubs. Winter.
On dead whins in Belhelvie Hnks.

10. CLavaRia.
1. C. abietina, Pers. (Fir-grove C.)

_ -On the ground in fir woods. August and September. At
Craibston, Hazeibead, Den of Robslaw.

2. C. pratensis, Pers. (Meadow C.)

in pastures. October to December. In Belhelvie lnks,
near the coast-guard station at Don-mouth ; generally plentiful.

3. C. corniculata, Schoef. ( Yellow-horned C. )

In pastures and woods. October. Den of Robslaw and
Craibstone.

4, C. rugosa, Bull. ( Wrinkled C.)

Grassy places and woods. August to November. In Den
of Leggart, and wood at old Bridge of Don.

11. CALOCERA.

1. ©. cornea, Batsch. (Horny C.)

On stumps of trees. Autumn and Winter. Hazelhead,
&e. &. Frequent.

12. GEOGLOSSUM.

1. G. glabrum, Pers. (Smooth G. )

In dry pastures. Autumn. Rare. Among the sand-hills
at Black-dog, Belhelvie.

13. SPATHULARIA.
1. S. favida Pers. (Common S. )

ww
we)
en

I. HYMENOMYCETES. [Spathularia.

On the ground in fir woods. July to October. This
beautiful species is generally abundant in Den of Leggart,
near old Bridge of Dee.

14. TypHuwa.

1. T. erythropus, Pers. (Red-stemmed T. )

On dead plants. Autumn. On dead fern stems, Dry Den,
Countesswells.

15. MorcHELLA.

1. M. esculenta, Linn. (Common M.)

In woods, pastures, &c. Rare in this district. Near
Aberdeen, Dr. A. Fleming; in the interior in Glen Dee, G. D.
16. Leorta.

1. L. dubrica, Scop. (Slimy A.)

In woods on the ground. Autumn. Rare. Craibstone,
Dr. Ogilvie ; Den of Leggart, G. D.

17. VIBRISSEA.
1. V. truncorum, A. & 8. (Golden V.)

On branches in wet places. Summer. Very rare. This
singular species I have only met with once, upon sticks buried
under moist leaves in the wood at Middleton.

18. Prziza.

1. P. cochleata, Bull. (Cochleate P. )

In woods. Summer and Autumn. Local. Den of Maiden-
craig, near Aberdeen.

2. P. tuberosa, Bull. (Tuberous P. )

In woods. Spring. Very local. Den of Maidencraig,
G. D. ; Den of Midmar, Mr. Mackay.

3. P. cupularis, Linn. (Scolloped P. )

On the ground in woods. December. Rare. In Den of
Leggart.

4, P. rutilans, Fries. (Orange-red P. )

On the ground among mosses. Autumn. On the Inch at
Aberdeen.

5. P. humosa, Fries. (Ground P. )

On the ground among mosses. Autumn. Tops of walls
among Polyirichum ; at Denmore, near Aberdeen.

6. P. stercorea, Pers. (Dung P.)

On droppings of animals. Common.

Peziza. | I. HYMENOMYCETES.

wy)
to
Ye

7. P. virginea, Batsch. (Virgin-white P. )

On dead stumps, &c. Autumn. Tollohill wood.
8. P. calycina, Schum. ( White and orange P. )
On bark of dead firs. Frequent.

9. P. cerinea, Pers. ( Waa-like P. )

Upon dead stumps of trees. Frequent.

10. P. villosa, Pers. (Villous P.)

On dead twigs, &. Common.

ll. P. Grevilliit, Berkeley. (Greville’s P. )

On stems of herbaceous plants. Autumn. On dead rasp-
berry stems at Aberdeen.

12. P. anomala, Pers. (Anomalous P. )
On dead trees. Autumn. Not unfrequent at Aberdeen.
13. P. caerulea, Bolt. (Blue P.)

On dead wood. October to December. Rare. Tollohill
and Denmore.

19. TyMPANIs.
1. T. conspersa, Fries. (Common T. )
On dead raspberry branches. Frequent.
20. STICTIS.
1. S. pallida, Pers. (Pale S.)
On dead plants. Dry Den, near Aberdeen.
21. CRYPTOMYCES.

1. ©. versicolor, Fries. ( Various-coloured C. )

On dead branches of different kinds. Frequent. In Den
of Leggart.

22. TREMELLA.
1. T. foliacea, Pers. (Leaf-like T. }
On stumps of trees. Rather local. In Glen Muick.
2. T. mesenterica, Retz. (Orange T. )
On dead branches, all the year. Frequent near Aberdeen.
3. T. albida, Smith. (Dull-white T. )

On fallen trees, palings, &c. Winter and Spring. Fre-
guent near Aberdeen.

4. T. sarcoides, With. (Flesh-like T. )

390 II, GASTEROMYCETES. [ Phallus.

On stumps of trees, &c. Winter. On whin, Den of Leggart.

23, EXIpIA.
1, E. glandulosa, Bull. ( Witches’ Buiter. )

On dead trunks and branches. Autumn and Winter. On
dead whins, Den of Leggart.

II.—GASTEROMYCETES.

24, PHALLUS,
1. P. tmpudicus, Linn. (Common Stinkhom. )

In woods and thickets. Summer and Autumn. Local.
Den of Midmar, Mr. Mackay ; banks of the Dee at Banchory-
Ternan, Dr. Adams.

25. Raizopocon.
1. R. albus, Bull. ( White Truffie. )
On the ground in woods. Very rare. At Craibstone, Dr.
Ogilvie.
26. NIDULARIA.
1. P. campanulata, With. (Bell-shaped B. )
On the ground. In gardens and wet places not uncommon.
27. SPHAERIA.
1. S. Hypoxylon, Linn. (flat-horned S.)
On sticks, stumps of trees, &&. Very common.
2. S. fragiformis, Pers. (Strawberry S. )
On beech bark. Common.
3. 8. stigma, Hoffm. ( biack-dotted S. )
On dead wood. Frequent about Aberdeen.
A, 8. verrucaeformis, Ehr. ( Wart-like S. )
On dead trees. Corbie Den, &c.
5. 8. lata, Pers. (Broad S.)
On dead wood. Very frequent at Aberdeen.
6. S. hispida, Tode. (Hispid S. )
On dead whins at Tullis, in Nigg.
7. S. spermoides, Hoffm. (Seed-like 8.)
On dead stems. On dead cabbage stems at Aberdeen.
8. S. rudis, Moug. (Dingy-black S. )
On dead branches of laburnum. About Aberdeen.

Cytispora. | II. GASTEROMYCETES. Jol

9. 8. leioplaca, Fries. (Patchy S.)

On dead trees. Near Aberdeen, in the Dry Den on bran-
ches.

10. S. byssiseda, Tode. (Greyish byssoid S. )
On dead branches, &c. On dead raspberry branches in
gardens and elsewhere at Aberdeen.

28. CYTISPORA.
1. C. leucosperma, Pers. ( White-seeded C. )
On dead trees. Aberdeen.

29. RHYTISMA.
1. R. Acerinum, Pers. (Sycamore R. )
On leaves of maple. Very common.

30. HyYSTERIUM.
1. H. Fraxini, Pers. (Ash-twig H.)
On dead branches of Ash. Winter and Spring. Common.
2. H. lineare, Fries. (Linear H.)
On dead plants of different kinds. Frequent.

31. Bovista.

1. B. nigrescens, Pers. (Blackish Puff-ball. )
Heaths and dry pastures. Frequent.
2. B. plumbea, Pers. (Lead-coloured P. B.)
Heaths and dry pastures. Frequent.

32. LyYcoPERDON.

1. L. giganteum, Batsch. (Giant Puff-ball. )

In fields and pastures. Rather local. Autumn. In Old
Aberdeen links, and in Belhelvie links.

2. L. celatwm, Bull. (Hmbossed P. B. )

Meadows and pastures, &c. Rather local. Den of Leg-
gart, &e.

3. L. gemmatum, Batsch. (Studded P. B.)

Fields and woods. Very frequent.

4. L, pusillum, Batsch. (Dwarf P. B.)

In pastures. Rather local. Old Aberdeen Links.
33. HLAPHOMYCES.

1. KE. muricatus, Fries. (Sharp-warted L. )

Baz Il. GASTEROMYCETES. [Zlaphomyces.

About roots of trees. Autumn and winter. In the wood
south side of Skene road, west from Robslaw quarry.
d4. LYCOGALA.

1. L. epidendrum, Linn. (Scarlet L. )

On rotten stumps, pales, &c. Spring to autumn. Com-
mon.
35. PHYSARUM.

1. P. album, Nees. (Flat, white P.)

On various decaying substances. Frequent. Dead wood,
Tullis, parish of Nigg.

36. STEMONITIS.

1. 8. fusca, Roth. (Brown S.)

On rotten wood. Summer and winter. Wood at the old
Bridge of Don; and in the Dry Den, near Countesswells.

37. DicripiuM.
1. D. umbilicatum, Schrad. ( Umbilicate D.)
On rotten wood. Very local. In the wood at Tullis.
38. RerICcULARIA.

1. R. afra, A. and 8. (Black R.)

On wood and bark of dead pines. Frequent. In the Dry
Den, Countesswells, in July.

39, ALTHALIUM.
1. AX. septicum, Linn. (Common di. )
On mosses in woods, &c. Common.
40. SPUMARIA.
1. 8. alba, Bull (White S.)
On stems of grass. Very frequent.
41. AROYRIA.

1, A. nutans, Bull. (flaccid A.)
On rotten wood. Autumn. Very local. Wood at Tullis;
and Cherryvale.
42. LASIOBOTRYS.

1. L. Linnew, Berk. (Linnaea L. )
On the leaves of Linnaea borealis. Frequent upon Lin-
naea, at Aberdeen.

Ascophora. | Ill. HYPHOMYCETES. 333

43. ERYSIPHE.
1. E. communis, Schl. (Common LE.)

On herbaceous plants. Common. Frequent on the culti-
vated pea, &c.

I1ll.—HYPHOMYCETES.

44, ASCOPHORA.
1. A. Mucedo, Tode. (Common H.)
On various matters in damp places. Common.
45, DactyLiuM.
1. D. dendroides, Fries. (Tree-like D. )
On decaying Agarics. Frequent. In the woods of Coun-

tesswells, &e.
_ 46. OIDIuM.
1. O. erysiphoides, Fries. (Mildew O.)
On various cultivated plants. Frequent.
2. O. leucoconium, Desm. (Small Mildew O. )
On leaves of various plants, as apple trees, &c. &c.
47, SEPEDONIUM.

1. S. chrysospermum, Lk. (Golden-seeded S. )

On decaying Fungi. Frequent. In woods of Countess-
wells, &e.

IV.—CONIOMYCETES.
48, NAEMASPORA.
1. N. crocea, Pers. (Saffron-yellow N. )
On beech trees. Frequent. Hazelhead woods, &c.
49. AREGMA.
1. A. bulbosum, Fries. (Bramble A.)
On leaves of different species of Rubus. Frequent.
50. HybpRoPHoRa.
1. H. stercorea, Tode. (Common H.)
On droppings of animals after rain. Frequent.
51. Mucor.
1. M. Mucedo, Linn. (Common Mould. )
On fruit preserves, &c. &. Common.

Ma)
os
re

IV. CONIOMYCETES. [ Pachnocybe.

52, PACHNOCYBE.

1. P. subulata, Berk. (Subulate P. )
On decaying plants. On dead fir cones in the wood at
Tullis.
53. HELMINTHOSPORIUM.
1. H. macrocarpum, Grev. (Large-seeded H. )

On decaying wood. Frequent. On dead whins in the
wood at Tullis.
54, ASPERGILLUS.

1. A. candidus, Lk. ( White A.)
On decaying matters of different kinds. Common.
2. A. glaucus, Lk. (Blue Mould. )
On various matters, as bread, &c. Common.
55. Borrytis.
1. B. parasitica, Pers. (Parasitic B. )
On Capsella B. Pastoris, &. Frequent.
56. Popisoma.

1. P. Juniper communis, Fries. (Common Juniper P. )

On living branches of Juniper. Rather local. On the high
ground at Banchory-Ternan, north from the village.

57. Puccintia.
1. P. Polygonorum, Lk. (Polygonum P.)
On Polygonum viviparum, in Corbie Den.
58. AlcIDIUM.
1, AK. leucospermum, De C. ( White-seeded 4. }
On leaves of wood Anemone. Corbie Den, &c.
2. At. Hpilobii, De C.
On Epilobium montanum. Common.
3. Al. Pint, Pers. (Pine i. )
On dead branches of Scotch fir. Dry Den, Countesswells.
59. Urepo.
1. U. Anthyllidis, Grev. (Kidney-vetch U.)
On Anthyllis vulneraria. Frequent.
2. U. apiculosa Lk. (Apiculate U.)
On leaves of Lapsana communis. Frequent.

Uredo. | IV. CONIOMYCETES. 335

3. U. Epilobii, De C. (Willow-herb U.)

On leaves of E. montanum. Aberdeen.

4. U. Campanulae, Pers. (Bell-flower U.)

On leaves of Campanula rotundifolia. Aberdeen.
5. U. caprearum, De C. (Sallow U.)

On leaves of Salix caprea. Aberdeen.

6. U. intrusa, Grev. (Lady’s-mantle U.)

On leaves of Alchemilla vulgaris. Aberdeen.

7. U. Polygonorum, De. C. (Polygonum U.)
On leaves of Polygonum aviculare, &c. Frequent.
8. U. Potentillarum, De C. (Potentilla U.)

On leaves of Alchemilla, &. Aberdeen.

9. U. Rosae, De C. (Rose U.)

On Rose leaves. Common.

10. U. Ruborum, De C. (Bramble U.)

On Bramble leaves. Common.

11. U. Saliceti, Schl. (Willow U.)

On Willow leaves. Common.

12. U. Senecionis, Schl. (Grounsel U.)

On leaves of common Grounsel. Common.

306 ADDENDA,

rg

Be

ry

ADDENDA.

. 24.—After Lychnis, add

Agrostemma Githago. Frequent in cultivated fields
throughout the district.

. 67.—Saxifraga hypnoides, add

K.—Coast at the Cove, where, I am informed, it was
discovered by a lady, in 1859.
78.—1].innaea borealis, add
Fir wood, west side of road, a little east of Midmar
Castle, and Tiomanide wood opposite Manse of Mid-
mar, Mr. Charles Mackay. Wood a little west of
the farm of Hillhead, Midmar, Mrs. Donald.

. 106.—Vaccinium Oxycoccos, add

Boggy ground west of Greenhill, in Strathdon, Mr. Mac-
kay and G. D.

. 226.—Et seq, add

In Den of Dunnottar, near Stonehaven, Asplenium Adi-
antum nigrum, Aspidium lobatum, and its var. PB,
Mr. James Collie. Braes of Gight, Asplenium 777-
chomanes, Aspidium Adiantum nigrum, Aspidium
oreopteris, Cystopteris fragilis, var. dentata, Mr.
James Collie. Mill of Laithers, Scolopendrium
vulgate, Mr. Hislop. Asplenium septentrionale, on
cliffs two miles west from Inver, Braemar, Mr.
James Collie, August 22, 1860.

INTRODUCED PLANTS.
DICOTYLEDONS.

COMPOSITAE.

Anthemis arvensis, occasionally in fields near Aberdeen,
Professor Macgillivray.

MONOCOTYLEDONS.

HYDROCHARIDACEAE.

Anacharis alsinastrum, Bab. Introduced into pools by
the road-side west from Summerhill, near Aberdeen ;
and into the small lake in the Old-town Links.

TYPHACEAE.

Typha latifolia, L. Introduced into Loch of Park, where
it is now very abundant.

337

CORRIGENDA.

Page 13.—For Thalianun, read, Thalianum.

Page 28.—Cerastium semidecandrum.

For K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, &c. &c. read,

K.—Coast at St. Cyrus, Dr. Stephen; near Aberdeen, at
south pier, G. D

A.—Inch, &c. G. D.; in Buchan, Mr. Murray ; Aberdour,
Rev. G. Gairdner ; Clatt, Rev. J. Minto.

Page 49.—For 6. R. Chamaemorus, read, 7. &c.

Pages 54 and 55.—For 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, read, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
Page 98.—For 1382 to 4250 feet, read, 1350 to 4250.

Page 188, top,—For Curex, read, Carex.

Page 223.—For Buxbauen’s, read, Buxbaum’s.

Page 278.—For Collernaceae, read, Collemaceae.

on’

INDEX.

339

FLOWERING PLANTS, FERNS, AND ALLIES.

Achillea,
Adoxa, . :
fEgopodium,; .
Ethusa,
Agraphis,
Agrimonia,
Agrostemma, .
Agrostis,
Aira,

Ajuga, . A
Alchemilla, .
Alisma, . 2
Alliaria, .
Allium, .
Alnus,
Alopecurus,
Ammophila,
Anacharis, .
Anagallis, “
Anchusa,
Anemone,
Angelica,
Antennaria,
Anthemis,
Anthoxanthum,
Anthriscus,
Anthyllis,
Apargia,
Aquilegia,
Arabis,
Arctium, 3
Arctostaphylos
Arenaria,
Armeria,

Caw,

Yee

Page.
Arrhenatherum, 204
Artemisia, 96
Arum, . 225
Asperula, 82
Aspidium, 227
Asplenium, 230
Aster, 100
Astragalus, 41
Atriplex, 138
Avena, 212
Azalea, 107
Ballota, . 224
Barbarea, 9
Bartsia, . 121
Bellis, 102
Beta, 224
Betula, 149
Bidens, 95
Blechnum, 232
Blysmus, 180
Borago, . - 222
Botrychium, . 233
Brachypodium, 215
Brassica, 217
Briza, | - 207
Bromus, . 210
Bunium, 69
Cakile, 13
Calamagrostis, 200
Calamintha, 129
Callitriche, 148
Calluna, . 107

Page.
Caltha, . - 4
Camelina, ee Gaile
Campanula, 103
Capsella, 15
Cardamine, 10
Carduus, 93
Carex, . 185
Carlina, . 94
Carum, 220
Catabrosa, . 201
Centaurea, 95
Cerastium, . 27
Chaerophyllum, 73
Cheiranthus, . 217
Chelidonium, . 216
Chenopodium, 138

Chrysanthemum 102
Chrysosplenium, 67

Cichorium, . 221
Cicuta, . 69
Circaea, - 59
Cnicus, 94
Cochlearia, 10
Comarum, 50
Conium, . ee ie
Convolvulus, . 114
Coriandrum, 220
Cornus, - oat

Corydalis, : 8

Corylus, . 156
Crataegus, 219
Crepis, .- -» 86

Cryptogramma, 232
Cuscuta, . 222

340

Page.
Cynoglossum, 222
Cynosurus, 208
Cystopteris, 229
Dactylis, + 208
Daucus, . oie

Dianthus, eats ot

Digitalis, =e 28
Digitaria, -. 226
Doronicum, . 221

Draba, . Beh)
Drosera, . cee us)
Dryas, . - 46

Echium, - 114
Elatine, . Sil
Eleocharis, . 181
Elymus, . - 214
Empetrum, . 146
Epilobium, . 56
Epipactis, e woe
Equisetum, . 235
Erica, - 106
Erigeron, - 100
Eriophorum, . 184
Erodium, 4 BD
Eryngium, . 69
Erysimum, .

Erythraea, . 112

Eupatorium, . 96
Euphorbia, .

Euphrasia, 121
Fedia, SOS
Festuca, . yA)
Filago,. . 4 35)
Hracaria, .. 49
Fumaria, =. 8

Galeopsis, -
Galinm,”. ) (pie ten
Genista, . Bi 3)
Gentiana, *
Geranium, . 33
Geum, . Eur AG

Glaucium, - 7
Glaux, oasis
Gnaphalium, . 97
Goodyera, 160
Gymnadenia, . 162

INDEX.

Habenaria,
Hedera, . Sy
Helianthemum, 17
Helleborus,
Helosciadium, 69
Heracleum, . 71
Hieracium, . 87
Hippuris, oe G0
Honckenya, - 25
Holcus, . :

Hordeum,
Hydrocotyle, . 68
Hyoscyamus, .
Hypericum, . 31
Hypochaeris,. 85

Tex, 5 cdda
Iris, : - 164
Isoetes, . «235
Isolepis, . 182
Jasione, . 104
Juncus, . 166
Juniperus, 158

Knautia, Elis 3

Koeleria, - 204
Koniga, . 217
Lamium, A 27
Lapsana, So eh
Lathyrus, 44
Lemna, . so

Leontodon, . 87
Lepidium, creel)
Ligusticum, . 71

Limosella, 124
Linaria, . 223
Linnaea, = Qreaa,
Linum, . oO
Listera, . 5 GK)
Lithospermum, 115
Littorella, a. Iai
Lobelia, . 104
Lolium, . 5 MIG
Lonicera, DEVIL
Lotus, . - 40

Luzula, . :
Lychnis, ou 23
Lycopodium, .
Lycopsis,

Lycopus,
Lysimachia,

Malaxis, .
Malva, .
Matricaria,
Meconopsis,
Medicago,
Melampyrum,
Melica, .
Melilotus,
Mentha, .
Menyanthes, .
Mercurialis, .
Mertensia,
Meum, . ‘
Milium, .
Molinia, .
Monesis,
Montia, . :
Mulgedium,
Myosotis, :
Myrica, .
Myriophyllum,
Myrrhis,

Nardus, .
Narthecium,
Nasturtium, .
Nepeta, . °
Nuphar, .
Nymphaea,

(£nanthe, -
Ononis, .
Ophioglossum,
Orchis, -
Origanum,
Ornithopus,
Orobus, .
Osmunda,
Oxalis, . 5
Oxyria, . .

Papaver,
Parietaria,
Paris, ive
Parnassia,
Pedicularis,
Peplis,
Petasites,

Phalaris,
Phleum, .
Phragmites,
Pilularia,
Pimpinella,
Pinguicula,
Pinus,
Plantago,
Poa,

Polemonium, .

Polygala,

Polygonatum,

Polygonum,

Polypodium, .

Populus,

Potamogeton,

Potentilla,
Primula,
Prunella,
Prunus, .
Pteris,

Pyrola, .
Pyrus,

Quercus,

Radiola, .
Ranunculus,
Raphanus,
Reseda, .
Rhamuus,
Rhinanthus,

FU ynICOeH ora .

Ribes, .
Rosa,

Rubus, .
Rumex, .
Ruppia, .

INDEX,

Sagina,
Salicornia,
Salix,
Salsola, .
Sambucus,
Sanicula,
Saponaria,
Saussurea,
Saxifraga,
Scabiosa,
Scandix,
Schoenus,
Scilla,
Scirpus, .
Scleranthus,

Scolopendrium,

Scrophularia,

Scutellaria,
Sedum,

Sempervivum,

Senebiera,
Senecio, .
Setaria, .
Sherardia,
Sibbaldia,
Silene, .
Sinapis, .
Sisymbrium,
Smyrnium,
Solanum,
Solidago,
Sonchus,
Sparganium,
Spartium,
Spergula,
Spergularia,
Spiraea, .

13
220
223
100

85
173

37

62

62

45

Stachys,
Stellaria,
Suaeda, .
Subularia,
Symphytum,

Tanacetum,
Teesdalia,
Teucrium,
Thalictrum,
Thlaspi,
Thymus,
Tofieldia,
Torilis,

Tragopogon, .

Trientalis,
Trifolium,
Triglochin,
Triodia, .
Triticum,
Trollius, .
Tussilago,
Typha,

Ulex,
Urtica,
Utricularia,

Vaccinium,
Valeriana,
Verbascum,
Veronica,
Viburnum,
Vicia,
Viola,

Zostera, -

342

INDEX.

AC OOTY LE DON ODS 3 PEA NTS,

Hacepting Ferns and their ALuiEs.

Achnanthes, .

ene

Page.
316

Achnanthidium, 316

Actinocyclus, .
A&cidium,
‘Mthalium, .
Agaricus,
Alaria, . 4
Amblyodon, .
Amphipleura,
Amphiprora, .
Amphora, -
Anacalypta,
Andreaea, 4
Anoectangium,

Anomodon, .
Antitrichia, .
Arctoa,
Arcyria,
Aregma,
Arthonia, :
Arthrodesmus,
Ascophora,
Aspergillus,
Asperococcus,
Asterionella, .
Atricum,
Aulacomnion,

Baeomyces, .
Bangia, . 4
Bartramia, .
Batrachosper-
mum,

Blindia, . 5
Boletus, .
Bonnemaisonia,
Botrydium, .
Botrytis,
Bovista, .
Bryopsis, .
Bryum, . :
Bulbochaete, .
Buxbaumia,

314
334
332
319
282
253
314
314
314
242
237
256
256
256
239
332
333
276
299
333
334
283
316
248
249

277
307
253

293

239
325
287
295
334
331
294
250
293
248

Calicium, 4
Callithamnion,
Calocera, 6
Calothrix, :
Campylodiscus,
Campylopus .
Cantharellus, .
Catenella, :
Ceramium,
Ceratodon,
Cetraria,
Chaetophora,
Chara, 9. 3
Chondrus,
Chorda, . 5
Chordaria, .
Chrysymenia,
Chylocladia, .
Cinclidotus, .
Cladonia,
Cladostephus,
Cladophora,
Clavaria,
Climacium,
Closterium,
Coccochloris,
Cocconeis,
Cocconema,
Codium,
Coleochaete,
Collema,
Conferva,
Conostomum, .
Corallina, :
Cornicularia, .
Coscinodiscus,
Cosmarium,
Cryptomyces,
Cyclotella, .
Cylindrosper-
mum, i
Cymatopleura,
Cymbella,

es ° e e ° ° ° ° ° °

oO

Page.
277
291
327
308
314
241
324
290
291
241
269
294
267
289
282
283
287
287
243
277
284
295
327
256
301
311
314
315
294
294
278
295
254
287
268
314
298
329
314

311

314
314

Cynodontium,
Cystoclonium,
Cytispora, .

Dactylium,
Daedalea,
Dasya, .
Dellesseria,
Denticula,
Desmarestia, .

Desmidium, .
Diatoma, 5
Diatomella, .
Dickieia,
Dicranum, .
Dictidium,
Dictyosiphon,
Didymodon, .
Didymoprium,
Diphyscium, .
Dissodon, “

Distichium, .
Docidium, 6
Dolichosper- }

mun,
Doryphora,
Draparnaldia,
Dudresnaia, .
Dumontia, .

Ectocarpus, .

Elachista, “
Elaphomyces,
Encalypta, .
Endocarpon,
Enteromorpha,
Epithemia,
Erysiphe, 2
Euastrum, .
Eucampia, .
Eunotia, . ;
Exidia, . -

Page.
239
289
331

333
324
287
288
316
281
297
316
316
317
239
332
282
242
297
248
255
242
300

311

315
294
290
290

284
284.
331
243
279
306
314
333
297

314
330

Page.
Fegatella, 262
Fissidens, 255
Fontinalis, 261
Fragilaria, 316
Hucuss 281
Funaria, 253
Furcellaria, 290
Gelidium, 289
Geoglossum, . 327
Gigartina, 289
Gloiosiphonia, 290
Gomphonema, 315
Grammatophora 316
Griffithsia, 291
Grimmia, 244
Gyalecta, 274
Gymnogongrus, 290
Gymnostomum, 238
Haematococcus, 312
Halidrys, 281
Halymenia, 290
Hapalidium, 288
Hedwigia, . 244
Helminthos- F
porium, oe
Hildenbrantia, 288
Himanthalia, . 281
Himantidium, 316
Hookeria, 261
Hyalotheca, 296
Hydnum, 326
Hydrophora, . 333
Hypnum, 257
Hysterium, 331
Iridaea, . 290
Isothecium, 256
Jania, . 288
Jungermannia, 263
Laminaria, 282
Lasiobotrys, 332
Laurencia, 287
Leathesia, 283
Lecanora, 273
Lecidea, . 274
Lemania, 293
Leotia, 5 By
Leptobryum, . 249

INDEX.

Leskea, .
Leucobryum, .
Lichina, . :
Licmophora, .
Litosiphon,
Lycogala,
Lycoperdon,
Lyngbya, -

Marchantia,
Mastogloia,
Meesia, .
Melobesia,
Melosira, :
Meridion,
Merulius,
Mesogloia, .
Micrasterias, .
Microcoleus, .
Mielichhoferia,
Mnium, . .
Morchella,
Mougeotia,
Myrionema, .
Mpyriotrichia, .
Mucor, .

Naemaspora, -
Navicula,
Neckera,
Nephroma,
Nidularia, :
Nitella,
Nitophylum, .
Nitzschia,
Nostoc, . :

Odonthalia,
Odontidium, .
(Edipodum, .
Oidium, . -
Oligotrichum,
Omalia, . =
Opegrapha
Orthosira,
Orthotrichum,
Oscillatoria,

Pachnocybe,
Palmella,
Parmelia,

Pediastrum,
Peltigera,
Penium, . -
Pertusaria, .
Petalonema,
Peziza, . :
Phallus, .
Phascum, 7
Phyllophora, .
Physarum,
Physcia, . -
Physcomitrium,
Pinnularia,
Pleurosigma, .
Plocamium, .
Podisoma,
Podosira,
Pogonatum,
Polyides,
Polyporus,
Polysiphonia,
Polytrichum, .
Porphyra,
Pottia, . :
Protococcus, .
Pterogonium,
Ptilota,
Ptychomitrium,
Puccinia,
Punctaria,
Pyrenula,

Racomitrium,
Radulum, .
Ralfsia,
Ramalina,
Reticularia,
Rhabdonema,
Rhabdoweissia,
Rhipidophora,
Rhizopogon,
Rhodomela,
Rhodymenia, .
Rhytisma,
Riccia,
Rivularia,

Scenedesmus,
Schistidium, .
Schizonema,
Scytonema,

345

Page.

302
270
300
280
308
328
330
238
289
332
269
253
315
315
289
334
316
248
290
324
286
249
307
242
312
256
291
246
334
283
280

245
326
283
268
332
316
239
315
330
286
289
331
262
307

302
244
317
308

344 INDEX.

Page. Page. , Page.
Seligeria, . 239 | Surirella, See ah Ch Of hig ean ie - 306
Sepedonium, . 333 | Synedra, =. 315 | Umbilicaria, . 270
Solorina, oe O Urceolaria, .. 274
Sorospora, . 311 | Tabellaria, . 316 | Uredo, . - 334

Spathularia, . 327 | Tayloria, sae2oe- || Ushea,. - 268
Sphacelaria, . 284 | Tetmemorus, . 300

Sphaerphoron, 279 | Tetraphis, . 247 | Vaucheria, . 294
Sphaeria, - 330 | Tetraplodon, . 254 | Verrucaria, . 280

Sphaerozyga,. 310 | Tetraspora, . 306 | Vibrissea, - 3828
Sphagnum, . 237 |} Thamnolia, . 278 | Volvox,:. “fake,
Spirotaenia, . 302 | Thelephora, . 326

Spirulina, - 309 | Thelotrema, . 280 | Weissia, 238
Splachnum, . 254 | Tolypothrix, . 308

Spumaria, vee. | Lortula,. |. - 243 | Zygnema, = 1205
Staurastrum, . 299 | Tremella, - 3829 | Zygodon, - 247
Stauroneis, . 315 | Trentepohlia, 293 | Zygogonium, . 296
Stemonitis, . 332 | Trichormus, . 310

Stereocaulon, . 277 | Trichostomum, 242 | Xanthidium, . 299
Sticta, . eek | ympAnisie -. cou, 4

Stictis, . . 329 | Tyndaridea, . 296
Stigonema, . 307 | Typhula, - 328

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